Download or read book Effects of a Mentor led Exercise Intervention on Physical Self perceptions Fitness Body Composition and Physical Activity of Overweight Adolescents written by Megan Sawyer and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent decades, the prevalence of youth obesity has been on the rise (Ogden et al, 2010) highlighting the need for research evaluating interventions targeting eating behaviors and lifestyle activity. Although it is important to examine the impact of interventions on physical activity, fitness, and body composition given their relationship with physical health, it is also important to assess the impact of interventions on mental well-being. Self-perceptions, including self-esteem, are important indicators of mental well-being (Blaine et al., 2006). In fact, Biddle (2011) found poor self-perceptions to be a predominant mental health issue in overweight adolescents. Although exercise is associated with improved self-esteem, the changes in self-esteem are often not large in magnitude (Spence et al., 2005). The greatest improvements are likely to occur in those populations that would benefit the most such as overweight individuals (Lox, Ginis, & Petruzzello, 2010). In addition to exercise, mentoring programs have also had positive effects on youth self-esteem (King, 2002). Thus, exercise combined with mentoring may by an effective strategy for enhancing self-perceptions. This study evaluated the impact of a mentor-based exercise program on the self-perceptions, body composition, physical activity, and fitness level of overweight adolescents. Adolescents participated in mentor-led, weekly exercise sessions for approximately 14 weeks. The program also involved a lifestyle-coaching component through weekly behavioral challenges designed to enhance self-regulatory skills related to physical activity and healthy eating. To date, 28 participants with a mean age of 14 and a baseline BMI of 32 have participated in the mentoring intervention. An additional 12 adolescents were randomly assigned to a wait-list control condition. In addition to fitness (maximum treadmill test), physical activity (accelerometers) and body composition (DXA) assessments, participants completed a questionnaire that examined exercise specific self-perceptions, physical self-worth, and global self-esteem (Whitehead, 1995; Harter 1988) pre/post intervention and after a no treatment maintenance period. A series of 2 (condition) X 2 (time) repeated measures ANOVA's combined with effect size inspection revealed that participants in the mentoring condition showed improved aerobic fitness (d = .44) compared to the control condition, which exhibited a negative change (d = -.06). Participants in the mentoring condition showed increased moderate-vigorous intensity activity (d = .41), compared to the control group (d = .14). While BMI-Z score improvements did not differ across conditions, percent body fat change for the experimental group showed a small, positive change (d = .22), compared to the control group (d = .08). In terms of self-perceptions, mentor participants reported improved self-esteem, physical self-worth, and perceived physical condition with the effect sizes being in the moderate to large range (i.e., d = .52, .79, .82), while the control group showed minimal change (i.e., d = .11, .26, .30). However, when evaluated after a no contact follow-up period, all variables in the experimental condition had regressed toward baseline. These results suggest a mentor-based exercise intervention has a positive impact while adolescents are in the program. However the program does not seem to be effective at helping participants maintain healthy changes when the program ends.

Download or read book Project MENTOR written by Marissa Errickson Carraway and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 99 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Overweight adolescents are at increased risk for peer victimization and avoidance of physical activity, thus perpetuating overweight status and peer victimization. Avenues of intervention include (1) reducing avoidance through increased perceived competence for physical activity and (2) bolstering protective factors including familial support and problem-focused coping to minimize the negative impact of victimization. The purpose of the current pilot study was to assess an intervention designed to improve perceived competence for activity through mentor-led exercise and improve perceived social support and problem-focused coping skills through group-based skills training. The present pilot study, a randomized clinical trial with waitlist control, examined the impact of MENTOR alone versus MENTOR+CBT on physical and psychological outcomes at post treatment (12 weeks) and 4-month follow-up (28 weeks). Twenty-four overweight Caucasian and African American adolescents were assigned either to MENTOR (n = 11) or MENTOR+CBT (n = 13). All participants completed the Physical Appearance Related Teasing Scale, the Children and Youth Physical Self-Perception Profile, and accelerometry. The MENTOR+CBT group also completed the Social Anxiety Scale for Adolescents and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. Repeated measures Analysis of Variance revealed a statistically significant change in perceived athletic competence by time, F(2, 44) = 4.32, p = .019, [eta][subscript]p2 = .164. However, this did not result in significant changes in physical activity across time, F(2, 46) = 1.846, p = .169, [eta][subscript]p2 = .074. There were no statistically significant changes in social anxiety or perceived social support nor were there differences in outcomes by group. While findings did not support the hypothesis that mentor-led exercise plus group-based skills training would improve social anxiety and social support as well as increase physical activity beyond the exercise program alone, differences in outcomes by ethnicity and a floor effect due to low baseline scores on psychosocial measures limit interpretation of these findings. Additional randomized clinical trials which include adolescents experiencing weight-related teasing and control for ethnicity are needed to compare both levels of treatment with control and more accurately determine the value of this intervention.

Download or read book The Effect of a Mentor Based Exercise Intervention on Body Mass Index Z scores Dual energy X ray Absorptiometry written by Julia Leigh Andleton and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 115 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Project MENTOR was a mentor-based exercise intervention for overweight children, ages 12-18 years. Undergraduate exercise physiology students (n=10) served as mentors to facilitate healthy lifestyle modifications through exercise based on C.A.R.E. (competence, autonomy, relatedness, and enjoyment from self-determination theory) and lifestyle coaching using cognitive-behavioral strategies. Mentors led exercise training three times a week and implemented a weekly lesson focused on self-regulatory skills and goal-setting related to healthy eating and lifestyle activity. The current study examined MENOR's [sic] impact on BMI-Z scores, DXA-total percent body fat (% BF), depression, and physical fitness levels assessed by VO2 max and total treadmill time percent change. Obese female (n=11) and male (n=12) adolescents, including Caucasian (n=13) and African American (n=10) participants were randomly assigned to two conditions: a 14 weeks intervention or wait-list control. Five additional participants completed a 22-week intervention. Participants from all conditions were assessed at baseline, after 14 weeks, and 3 months follow-up. The 28 participants had an initial BMI Z-score of 2.17 (SD=0.40) and DXA-total % BF score of 43.66% (SD=6.28), VO2 max values of 27.15 (SD=6.87) ml/kg/min along with a depression t-score of 53.53 (SD=1.79). At baseline, there were no significant differences between groups on any of the outcome variables. Repeated measures ANOVA's revealed nonsignificant time by group interactions for BMI Z-scores (p=.12) and DXA-total % BF (p=.18). Although the interaction effects were not significant, effect sizes were evaluated using Cohen d given the low statistical power associated with small sample sizes. There was minimal change in the control group's BMI Z-score and DXA-total % BF at 14-weeks and follow-up compared to baseline with Cohen d ranging from .005-.09. In comparison, both intervention groups made small to moderate improvements in BMI Z-scores and % BF at post-assessment (BMI Z-scores: d=.31 for the 22-week intervention and d=.23 for the 14-weeks; DXA-% BF: d=.63 for the 22-weeks and d=.23 for the 14 weeks). The 14-week intervention group did not maintain changes in BMI Z-scores or % BF levels at follow-up (d=.02 for BMI Z-scores and d=.04 for % BF). The 22-week intervention group, however, was able to improve their BMI Z-scores (d=.62) and % BF (d=.57) at follow-up. There was a significant interaction for VO2 max values (p=.01). Based on effect sizes, the 22-week intervention (Cohen d=.003 and .12) and control group (Cohen d=.04 and .21) showed minimal change in VO2 across the three time points; whereas the 14-weeks intervention had a large increase from pre to post-assessment (d=.89) and then decreased toward baseline at follow-up (d=.29). For depression, there was a nonsignificant group X time interaction (p= .21). Inspection of effect sizes revealed that all three groups showed a moderate decrease in depression scores from pre to post test. Whereas both the control and prolonged intervention maintained those improvements, the 14 weeks intervention did not. In summary, although both intervention groups showed some improvement across all outcome variables post intervention, only the prolonged 22-week intervention maintained improvements after a no treatment follow-up. Overall, these findings suggest that a longer treatment may yield sustained improvement or maintenance in weight related outcomes.

Download or read book Effect of Mentor led Vigorous Aerobic Exercise Program on Body Composition Peak VO2 and Insulin Sensitivity in Overweight and Obese Adolescents written by Miranda J. Mitchell and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 83 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the past few decades obesity rates in the US have reached epidemic proportions in both adults and children. Nearly one-third of American adults are obese, and since 1980, the obesity rates for children 6-11 years and 12-19 have nearly tripled (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2012). Obesity in adults and children is associated with abnormal lipid profiles, insulin resistance and low cardiorespiratory endurance (CRE). The link between disease risk and low CRE has been well established in adults and to a lesser extent in children and adolescents. The PURPOSE of this study was to evaluate the effect of a mentor-led vigorous aerobic exercise program on insulin resistance, body composition, and peak VO2 in overweight and obese adolescents. METHODS Subjects (n=23) for the study were randomly assigned to two groups. Eleven participants were assigned exercise mentors and exercised approximately three times per week for 45 to 60 minutes each session. An additional 12 adolescents were randomly assigned to a control group. Body composition, Peak VO2, and HOMA-IR levels were assessed at pre-, post-, and follow-up testing. A 2 (control vs. experimental) x 3 (pre-, post-, follow-up) repeated measures analyzes of variance (ANOVA) was used to analyze the data using the MANOVA procedure in JMP®. RESULTS No significant intervention effect was observed for body composition measures. Significant effects were observed in Peak VO2max (p = 0.0066) and total treadmill time (p = 0.0116). In the experimental group, effect size, measured by Cohen's d, showed a high effect size (d = 0.88) for Peak VO2max from pre to post test and a moderate decrease in effect size (d = -0.44) from post to follow-up. Similar findings were shown with total treadmill time with a small positive effect size from pre to post (d = 0.29) and a small decrease from post to follow-up (d = -0.33). No significant between group differences were found in HOMA-IR. However, the intervention group's HOMA-IR, improved between baseline and post testing period. The current findings show that independent of weight loss and change in body composition, positive changes in fitness were significantly different from the control group, and the fitness improvements were maintained throughout the duration of the study. Insulin resistance improved for the experimental group from baseline to post testing and was maintained over the 12 week non-intervention follow-up period.CONCLUSION A mentor-led exercise intervention does have potential to be effective at increasing health outcomes independent of weight loss, which can be sustainable after the cessation of the program.

Download or read book Effects of a Physical Activity and Nutrition Intervention on Body Image in Pre adolescents written by Christine Amerika Gehrman and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Body image is among many psychological variables that are related to physical activity and dietary practices. Body image begins to develop in childhood and takes on increased importance during adolescence. Interventions aimed to improve physical activity and nutrition in pre-adolescents may have effects upon body image during this key developmental period. The purpose of the current study was to examine the secondary effects of a larger trial of physical activity and nutrition on body image in pre-adolescents. Based on Social Cognitive Theory, several personal, behavioral, and environmental factors are hypothesized to affect body image and were examined in this study. It was hypothesized that the intervention would have a significant positive impact on body image. Eighty-four 10-12 year olds (52 females, 32 males) of diverse ethnic backgrounds were recruited for study as part of the Healthy Youth and Parent Program, an on-going trial for physical activity and nutrition. A two-group (intervention and control) pre-post design was used. The intervention consisted of 8 weekly 2-hour sessions during which children participated in fitness activities. Body image was measured by the Eating Disorders Inventory-2, a well-validated measure. Analysis of co-variance revealed no significant direct effect of the intervention on body image, although participants in both conditions showed non-significant improvements in body image from baseline to post-test. Multiple regression analyses were used to examine theoretically hypothesized mediators of body image change, including level of physical activity and fitness, body mass index, and mood. Puberty status, negative self-esteem, and perceived barriers to physical activity were significantly related to body image concerns. The lack of a significant intervention effect on hypothesized mediators precluded the possibility of determining whether changes in these mediators would have affected change in body image. Future studies will need to test the role of hypothesized mediators if a comprehensive theoretical model of body image is to be developed.

Download or read book Safe and Effective Exercise for Overweight Youth written by Melinda S. Sothern and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-06-06 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on decades of scientific research and clinical experience, Safe and Effective Exercise for Overweight Youth provides a scientifically supported and clinically relevant source of information that clinical health care providers, educators, public health, and fitness professionals may use to promote physical activity in overweight and obese yout

Download or read book A Group mediated Cognitive behavioural Exercise Intervention for Obese Adolescents written by Anna Justine Wilson and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Effects of a Multicomponent School based Intervention on Health Markers Body Composition Physical Fitness and Psychological Measures in Overweight and Obese Adolescent Females written by Jacqueline Beckham Dove and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this study was to determine whether participation in a multicomponent school-based intervention using circuit-resistance training, dietary intervention and behavioral modification had an effect on health markers, body composition, physical fitness, and psychological measures for overweight/obese adolescent females. Forty-two overweight/obese adolescents participated in the 10-week program with assessments completed at 0, 10, and 22 weeks. Data were analyzed by ANOVA repeated measures analysis, with a level of significance set at p

Download or read book Relationships Between Physical Activity Self perceptions and Physical Status in Adolescents and Adults written by Nadine Zillmann and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: [Truncated abstract] Regular engagement in physical activity is proven to decrease the risk of numerous chronic diseases and to improve mental well-being. However, many children and adults around the world fail to engage in sufficient levels of activity required to produce health benefits, with reports showing physical activity levels still on the decline. Perhaps because of this increase in sedentary lifestyles, obesity has become one of the biggest public health threats in the 21st century. Furthermore, both obesity and physical inactivity are closely related to psychological health, and may play an important role in shaping self-perceptions and feeling of general well-being. '...' In the first study, physical status, physical activity levels, and social physique anxiety measures were obtained from an adolescent sample of 259 participants. Partial correlation analyses revealed that physical activity involvement was not directly linked with physical status; however, both factors were significantly associated with social physique anxiety, which suggested evidence of an indirect link between the two constructs. That is, analyses showed that poor physical status was associated with higher levels of physique anxiety, which in turn linked to low engagement in physical activity. In addition, age and gender effects emerged, revealing unique differences in the ways in which these three variables may be related. To cross-validate and further examine these relationships STUDY 2 extended the range of self-perception measures to include a multidimensional assessment of physical self-concept and a global self-esteem measure along with physique anxiety. These variables were assessed in a German adult sample (N = 229), again alongside measures of physical status and physical activity involvement. Consistent with STUDY 1, no direct link was found between physical status and levels of physical activity involvement. However, evidence of an indirect link did emerge as both variables were related to multiple dimensions of physical self-concept, thereby reinforcing and extending the findings from STUDY 1. Furthermore, age effects emerged for physical self-concept, which had not been confirmed in previous research on physical self-concept. STUDY 3 employed a longitudinal design and investigated changes in physical self-concept, global self-esteem and social physique anxiety before, during, and after participation in a 12-week weight management programme. Participants (N = 63) were assigned to one of three conditions: (1) cognitive-behavioural treatment only, (2) cognitive-behavioural treatment and exercise, and (3) non-treatment control. Statistical analyses revealed a small, but significant reduction in weight for members of both treatment groups. Relative to controls, both treatment groups also improved on a variety of physical self-concept dimensions. At the same time, however, significant group main effects suggested that a weight-loss program incorporating exercise involvement may provide physical self-concept benefits that go beyond those obtained with standard CBT regimes. Collectively, these studies add to the growing body of literature on the connections between physical activity, self-perceptions and physical status. They also highlight the importance of involvement in habitual physical activity throughout the lifespan. Findings are discussed with regards to their contribution to the extant literature, and applied implications, limitations, and future directions are considered.

Download or read book The Relationship Among Fifth Grade Physical Education Students Body Size Perception FITNESSGRAM Scores and Physical Activity Level written by Ashley Cleveland and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 77 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Purpose: This study aims to explore the correlation between students’ self-perception of body image and FITNESSGRAM scores, the relationship between children’s body perceptions and their actual body mass index (BMI), and to see if body image in children affects their physical activity level. Methods: FITNESSGRAM fitness testing protocol and a survey developed for the KidQuest nutrition intervention program by South Dakota State University (SDSU) was used to assess the correlation between students’ (n= 319) self-perception of body image and FITNESSGRAM scores. In addition accelerometers were used to assess the physical activity level of a subsample (n=57) of the students during an in-class physical education period. Results: On average, students perceived themselves as smaller than their BMI suggested. Those who had a self-perception of a larger body weight, scored lower on their curl-up, 90-degree push up, and PACER fitness tests. There was a significant negative correlation between self-perceived body weight and curl-up, 90-degree push up, and PACER fitness tests (pConclusions:Results of this research can inform future work in the area of youth body image and fitness interventions, with body image identified as a strong determinant of weight management and nutritional habits among adolescents. Specifically, fitness testing can be influenced by body image. Although there were no correlations with physical activity level in a regular physical education class and body image, it would be interesting to see if this result changed with longer time allotment.

Download or read book The Effects of Aerobic and Resistance Exercise Training on the Cardiometabolic Health of Adolescents with Obesity written by Angela S. Alberga and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Bl mel Pfl ger s Aufgaben zum Zifferrechnen written by and published by . This book was released on 1905 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Relationship Between Levels of Cardiorespiratory Fitness Body Composition and Physical Self perception in Adolescent Girls written by Liezel Du Toit and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Effect of a Twelve week Behavioral Intervention Program on Physical Self perceptions and Attitudes about Physical Activity in Fourth and Fifth Grade Students written by Edmund H. Pienkosz and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Self perceptions Fitness and Exercise in Early Adolescence written by Taru Lintunen and published by University of Jyvaskyla. This book was released on 1995-01-01 with total page 87 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Yhteenveto.

Download or read book Physical Activity Weight Change and Self perception Changes Among Obese Individuals written by Helen Teakle and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The primary purpose of this research was to investigate relationships between physical activity participation, weight change, and selfreports of social physique anxiety, physical self-concept and health-related quality of life. A secondary purpose was to investigate personality as a mediator of self-perceptions and quality of life beliefs following obesity surgery. Two studies with differing methodologies were conducted. The first study was a cross-sectional survey of patients who had participated in a multi-component clinical weight-loss program involving a combination of physical activity, diet modification, and drug therapy. The second study was a longitudinal investigation of laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding patients. Amount of weight lost was not found to be related to changes in social physique anxiety, physical self-concept or health-related quality of life. However, physical activity levels were found to be an important predictor of improvements in physical self-concept and health-related quality of life amongst clinical weight loss patients, but not surgical patients. Improvements over time with respect to social physique anxiety, physical self-concept and health-related quality of life were observed amongst all participants who underwent LABG. Personality factors, whilst not predicting changes over time in social physique anxiety, physical self-concept or health-related quality of life, discriminated between two types of obese adults presenting for obesity surgery. Future research could be undertaken to determine if long-term outcomes differ for these two types of patients.

Download or read book Physical Activity Physical Fitness and the Psychosocial Well being of Obese Adolescents written by Nichole Rhea Kelly and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Overweight and obesity are associated with an array of negative physical and psychosocial symptoms in adolescents. Numerous pediatric obesity interventions have emerged in an attempt to address this significant public health concern. However, few have focused on African American females, a particularly high risk group for negative health behaviors and associated complications. Moreover, research examining the psychosocial changes associated with increases in physical activity and fitness, although promising in elder and adult populations, is nearly nonexistent in adolescents. Thus, the current study addressed limitations in the research and examined the psychosocial outcomes of adolescent participants in T.E.E.N.S., a culturally sensitive, multidisciplinary weight loss intervention. From baseline to 6 month post-testing, program participants demonstrated significant improvements in physical, emotional, and social functioning, as well as body dissatisfaction. Moreover, increases in physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness were associated with significant enhancements in several domains of psychological well-being.