Download or read book Effects of 3 4 methylenedioxymethamphetamine mdma on Cholinergic Neurons in the Rat Brain written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), an amphetamine analog, is a psychomotor stimulant and a popular drug of abuse. The effect of MDMA on the release of the monoamine neurotransmitters serotonin (5-HT) and dopamine (DA) has been well documented. In contrast, very little is known about the influence of MDMA on other neurotransmitter systems. In view of feelings of heightened awareness and behavioral arousal in human MDMA users, and the role of the cholinergic system in processing environmental cues following novel and arousing stimuli, the influence of MDMA on acetylcholine (ACh) release was examined in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus. Using in vivo microdialysis, it was determined that MDMA enhances the release of ACh in the PFC and hippocampus, possibly by mechanisms localized to these brain regions. In addition, it was also determined that MDMA-induced release of ACh in the PFC, but not hippocampus, is mediated by serotonergic and dopaminergic mechanisms. Further studies examining the role of various 5-HT and DA receptors in the MDMA-induced release of ACh in the PFC indicate that receptors of the 5-HT4 and D1 subtype mediate the release of cortical ACh induced by MDMA. Whereas MDMA use has been associated with behavioral activation and cortical arousal immediately following drug intake, in the long term the drug is known to produce significant cognitive impairments. In view of the cognitive impairments following MDMA use and administration, and the central role of ACh in attentional processing and cognition, studies were designed to assess the influence of a neurotoxic regimen of MDMA, on the subsequent stimulation of ACh release in the PFC. Prior treatment with a 5-HT depleting regimen of MDMA resulted in decreased ACh release in response to subsequent administration of MDMA. In contrast, treatment with a neurotoxic regimen of MDMA did not significantly alter the subsequent stimulation of ACh release induced by application of tail pinch or by the novelty of an intruder rat. Thus, results from the present study indicate that although a 5-HT depleting regimen appears to inhibit subsequent MDMA-induced ACh release in the PFC, it has little impact on subsequent stimulation of ACh release by physiological stressors.
Download or read book Long term Effects of 3 4 Methylenedioxymethamphetamine MDMA on Serotonergic and Dopaminergic Functioning written by Jodi Lynn Kohutek and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) popularly known as "Ecstasy" continues to gain popularity as a recreational drug that has been shown to increase serotonin and dopamine levels. The present study has demonstrated that repeated exposure to MDMA produces long-term damage to serotonergic and dopaminergic neurons in various regions of the rat brain.
Download or read book Methods of Behavior Analysis in Neuroscience written by Jerry J. Buccafusco and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2000-08-29 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using the most well-studied behavioral analyses of animal subjects to promote a better understanding of the effects of disease and the effects of new therapeutic treatments on human cognition, Methods of Behavior Analysis in Neuroscience provides a reference manual for molecular and cellular research scientists in both academia and the pharmaceutic
Download or read book Neuropathology of Drug Addictions and Substance Misuse Volume 2 written by Victor R Preedy and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-03-25 with total page 1184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neuropathology of Drug Addictions and Substance Misuse, Volume 2: Stimulants, Club and Dissociative Drugs, Hallucinogens, Steroids, Inhalants and International Aspects is the second of three volumes in this informative series and offers a comprehensive examination of the adverse consequences of the most common drugs of abuse. Each volume serves to update the reader’s knowledge on the broader field of addiction as well as to deepen understanding of specific addictive substances. Volume 2 addresses stimulants, club and dissociative drugs, hallucinogens, and inhalants and solvents. Each section provides data on the general, molecular and cellular, and structural and functional neurological aspects of a given substance, with a focus on the adverse consequences of addictions. Research shows that the neuropathological features of one addiction are often applicable to those of others, and understanding these commonalties provides a platform for studying specific addictions in more depth and may ultimately lead researchers toward new modes of understanding, causation, prevention, and treatment. However, marshalling data on the complex relationships between addictions is difficult due to the myriad material and substances. Offers a modern approach to understanding the pathology of substances of abuse, offering an evidence-based ethos for understanding the neurology of addictions Fills an existing gap in the literature by serving as a “one-stop-shopping” synopsis of everything to do with the neuropathology of drugs of addiction and substance misuse Includes in each chapter: list of abbreviations, abstract, introduction, applications to other addictions and substance misuse, mini-dictionary of terms, summary points, 6+ figures and tables, and full references Offers coverage of preclinical, clinical, and population studies, from the cell to whole organs, and from the genome to whole body
Download or read book Psychopharmacology Bulletin written by and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 732 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Neural Metabolism In Vivo written by In-Young Choi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-03-08 with total page 1168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the preface: “Neural Metabolism In Vivo aims to provide a comprehensive overview of neurobiology by presenting the basic principles of up-to-date and cutting-edge technology, as well as their application in assessing the functional, morphological and metabolic aspects of the brain. Investigation of neural activity of the living brain via neurovascular coupling using multimodal imaging techniques extended our understanding of fundamental neurophysiological mechanisms, regulation of cerebral blood flow in connection to neural activity and the interplay between neurons, astrocytes and blood vessels. Constant delivery of glucose and oxygen for energy metabolism is vital for brain function, and the physiological basis of neural activity can be assessed through measurements of cerebral blood flow and consumption of glucose and oxygen.... This book presents the complex physiological and neurochemical processes of neural metabolism and function in response to various physiological conditions and pharmacological stimulations. Neurochemical detection technologies and quantitative aspects of monitoring cerebral energy substrates and other metabolites in the living brain are described under the “Cerebral metabolism of antioxidants, osmolytes and others in vivo” section. Altogether, the advent of new in vivo tools has transformed neuroscience and neurobiology research, and demands interdisciplinary approaches as each technology could only approximate a very small fraction of the true complexity of the underlying biological processes. However, translational values of the emerging in vivo methods to the application of preclinical to clinical studies cannot be emphasized enough. Thus, it is our hope that advances in our understanding of biochemical, molecular, functional and physiological processes of the brain could eventually help people with neurological problems, which are still dominated by the unknowns.” -- In-Young Choi and Rolf Gruetter
Download or read book Handbook of the Behavioral Neurobiology of Serotonin written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-01-23 with total page 1042 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Handbook of the Behavioral Neurobiology of Serotonin, Second Edition, builds on the success of the first edition by continuing to provide a detailed and comprehensive overview of the many facets of behavioral serotonin research. The text expands on the two key topics, behavioral control (sensory processing, ultrasonic vocalization, and melatonin and sleep control) and psychiatric disorders, including its role on psychostimulant abuse and addiction. The new edition includes two new sections on the serotonin systems interactions and the involvement of serotonin in neurological disorders and associated treatment. Serotonin is a major neurotransmitters in the serotonergic system which one of the best studied and understood transmitter systems. Both are critically involved in the organization of all behaviors and in the regulation of emotion and mood. Features two new sections on serotonin systems interactions and serotonin in neurological disorders Focuses on ionotropic and metabotropic 5-HT receptor involvement in behavior Maps receptors and receptor signaling pathways to neurochemical and behavioral outcomes Covers the interactions between serotonin, melatonin and kynurenine pathways
Download or read book Index Medicus written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 1902 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vols. for 1963- include as pt. 2 of the Jan. issue: Medical subject headings.
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Substance Use and Substance Use Disorders written by Kenneth J. Sher and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016-07-13 with total page 656 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Substance use and substance use disorders (SUDs) have been documented in a number of cultures since the beginnings of recorded time and represent major societal concerns in the present day. The Oxford Handbook of Substance Use and Substance Use Disorders provides comprehensive reviews of key areas of inquiry into the fundamental nature of substance use and SUDs, their features, causes, consequences, course, treatment, and prevention. It is clear that understanding these various aspects of substance use and SUDs requires a multidisciplinary perspective that considers the pharmacology of drugs of abuse, genetic variation in these acute and chronic effects, and psychological processes in the context of the interpersonal and cultural contexts. Comprising two volumes, this Handbook also highlights a range of opportunities and challenges facing those interested in the basic understanding of the nature of these phenomena and novel approaches to assess, prevent, and treat these conditions with the goal of reducing the enormous burden these problems place on our global society. Chapters in Volume 1 cover the historical and cultural contexts of substance use and its consequences, its epidemiology and course, etiological processes from the perspective of neuropharmacology, genetics, personality, development, motivation, and the interpersonal and larger social environment. Chapters in Volume 2 cover major health and social consequences of substance involvement, psychiatric comorbidity, assessment, and interventions. Each chapter highlights key issues in the respective topic area and raises unanswered questions for future research. All chapters are authored by leading scholars in each topic. The level of coverage is sufficiently deep to be of value to both trainees and established scientists and clinicians interested in an evidenced-based approach.
Download or read book Cumulated Index Medicus written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 1340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cognitive Enhancing Drugs written by Jerry J. Buccafusco and published by Birkhäuser. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 213 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the past decade research into the pharmacology of cognition, particularly regarding learning and memory, has supported the concept that many potential neural targets exist for the development of cognitive-enhancing drugs. Whereas the main impetus for this research has been the ever growing population of individuals with dementing disorders such as Alzheimer`s disease, attention is also being focused on issues relating to cognitive impairment associated with "normal" aging. This book is useful as a source of information for making informed decisions regarding the relative utility and attributes of the various neural targets that have been studied to date.
Download or read book Handbook of the Behavioral Neurobiology of Serotonin written by Christian P. Muller and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2009-12-30 with total page 849 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, often cited as 5-HT) is one of the major excitatory neurotransmitter, and the serotonergic system is one of the best studied and understood transmitter systems. It is crucially involved in the organization of virtually all behaviours and in the regulation of emotion and mood. Alterations in the serotonergic system, induced by e.g. learning or pathological processes, underlie behavioural plasticity and changes in mood, which can finally results in abnormal behaviour and psychiatric conditions. Not surprisingly, the serotonergic system and its functional components appear to be targets for a multitude of pharmacological treatments - examples of very successful drugs targeting the serotoninergic system include Prozac and Zoloft. The last decades of research have not only fundamentally expanded our view on serotonin but also revealed in much more detail an astonishing complexity of this system, which comprises a multitude of receptors and signalling pathways. A detailed view on its role in basal, but also complex, behaviours emerged, and, was presented in a number of single review articles. Although much is known now, the serotonergic system is still a fast growing field of research contributing to our present understanding of the brains function during normal and disturbed behaviour. This handbook aims towards a detailed and comprehensive overview over the many facets of behavioural serotonin research. As such, it will provide the most up to date and thorough reading concerning the serotonergic systems control of behaviour and mood in animals and humans. The goal is to create a systematic overview and first hand reference that can be used by students and scholars alike in the fields of genetics, anatomy, pharmacology, physiology, behavioural neuroscience, pathology, and psychiatry. The chapters in this book will be written by leading scientists in this field. Most of them have already written excellent reviews in their field of expertise. The book is divided in 4 sections. After an historical introduction, illustrating the growth of ideas about serotonin function in behaviour of the last forty years, section A will focus on the functional anatomy of the serotonergic system. Section B provides a review of the neurophysiology of the serotonergic system and its single components. In section C the involvement of serotonin in behavioural organization will be discussed in great detail, while section D deals with the role of serotonin in behavioural pathologies and psychiatric disorders. - The first handbook broadly discussing the behavioral neurobiology of the serotonorgic transmitter system - Co-edited by one of the pioneers and opinion leaders of the past decades, Barry Jacobs (Princeton), with an international list (10 countries) of highly regarded contributors providing over 50 chapters, and including the leaders in the field in number of articles and citations: K. P. Lesch, T. Sharp, A. Caspi, P. Blier, G.K. Aghajanian, E. C. Azmitia, and others - The only integrated and complete resource on the market containing the best information integrating international research, providing a global perspective to an international community - Of great value not only for researchers and experts, but also for students and clinicians as a background reference
Download or read book Psychopharmacology Bulletin written by and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 606 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Neurochemistry of Abused Drugs written by MD, FFFLM, Steven B. Karch and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2007-10-09 with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Extracted from the Drug Abuse Handbook, 2nd edition, to give you just the information you need at an affordable price. Beginning with a detailed look at individual drugs and their effects on the brain, Neurochemistry of Abused Drugs considers the changes in neurotransmitter levels and discusses the relationship of these
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 860 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Molecular Basis of Neuropharmacology A Foundation for Clinical Neuroscience written by Eric J. Nestler and published by McGraw Hill Professional. This book was released on 2001-03-28 with total page 570 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: * The most up-to-date and comprehensive coverage of the relationship of brain function and neuroactive chemicals * Authors are world-known leaders in the field * Molecular Neuropharmacology is the hot topic in medicine
Download or read book Handbook of Developmental Neurotoxicology written by William Slikker Jr. and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1998-08-10 with total page 767 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Handbook of Developmental Neurotoxicology provides a comprehensive account of the impacts, mechanisms, and clinical relevances of chemicals on the development of the nervous system. The book is written by internationally recognized experts on developmental neurotoxicology, covering subjects from basic neuro-development to toxic syndromes induced by various chemicals. It is an important text for both students and professionals who are interested in developmental neurobiology and neurotoxicology. - Written by internationally recognized experts on developmental neurotoxicology - Includes extensive references - Well illustrated with diagrams, charts and tables - Provides coverage of basic neurobiology as well as neurotoxicology
