Download or read book Effectiveness and Relative Performance of Concrete Bridge Deck and Crack Sealants written by Melissa A. Dorshorst and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Evaluation of Concrete Deck and Crack Sealers written by José Antonio Pincheira and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Development and Layout of a Protocol for the Field Performance of Concrete Deck and Crack Sealants written by José Antonio Pincheira and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main objective of this project was to develop and layout a protocol for the long-term monitoring and assessment of the performance of concrete deck and crack sealants in the field. To accomplish this goal, a total of six bridge decks were chosen for study. The decks have ages that vary from 4 to 30 years old, are all in good condition, though some presented a variety of longitudinal, transverse and diagonal cracking. In each deck, test segments were laid out along one lane in four of the six bridges. Drill powder samples were extracted in each segment in order to determine the in-situ, near-surface chloride ion content of the deck. Laboratory analyses of the samples showed that the chloride ion content varied between 3.2 lb/cy for the younger decks (3 years old) and 20.8 lb/cy for the older decks (28 years old). Based on the recommendations of a previous laboratory investigation, a pool of the best performing deck and crack sealants were selected to be applied in the decks. In two bridges, deck segments were sealed with four deck sealants while one segment was left unsealed to be used as a control segment. Additionally, the cracks in each of these segments were sealed with five crack sealants. While two other decks were also scheduled for sealing as part of this phase of the project, they were not done because the required curing time for some of the products was longer than deemed acceptable by DOT crews for these high traffic bridges. It is recommended, however, that every effort be made to have these decks be sealed in the near future. The remaining two bridges had been sealed at the time of construction. While no specific information could be secured about the product used in these decks, the low chloride ion content in these decks suggested that the applied product has helped reduce the ingress of chloride ions. Therefore, it is recommended that these decks continue to be monitored over time. Based on the inspections and the data collected in the field, a protocol and schedule for the continuing monitoring of sealant performance is presented.
Download or read book Concrete Bridge Deck Performance written by H. G. Russell and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 2004 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At head of title: National Cooperative Highway Research Program.
Download or read book Long term Performance of Polymer Concrete for Bridge Decks written by David W. Fowler and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 2011 with total page 75 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 423: Long-Term Performance of Polymer Concrete for Bridge Decks addresses a number of topics related to thin polymer overlays (TPOs). Those topics include previous research, specifications, and procedures on TPOs; performance of TPOs based on field applications; the primary factors that influence TPO performance; current construction guidelines for TPOs related to surface preparation, mixing and placement, consolidation, finishing, and curing; repair procedures; factors that influence the performance of overlays, including life-cycle cost, benefits and costs, bridge deck condition, service life extension, and performance; and successes and failures of TPOs, including reasons for both.
Download or read book Protective Coatings for Concrete Bridge Decks written by Richard J. Irwin and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Performance of protective coatings for bridge decks is evaluated. Applications to bridges on the New York State highway system from 1961 through 1967 included 1) surface overlays, 2) membranes between the structural slab and bituminous wearing course, and 3) surface sealants. Overlays and membranes consisted of epoxies, polyesters, polyurethanes, latexes, neoprenes, silicone rubbers, and asphalt cutbacks. Surface sealants included silicones, distillate oils, and linseed oil. None of the surface overlays lasted more than 2 to 3 yr. However, a flexible polyester resin with fiber glass has provided satisfactory service for 1-1/2 yr and will remain under observation. Leakage of box-girder bridges with a membrane was primarily due to shear-key construction (since modified), while the same materials applied to composite bridges were associated with leakage that could not be explained. A more comprehensive survey of membranes is planned. Silicone and distillate oil sealants on non-air-entrained concrete did not improve long-term durability. Air-entrained concrete, both with and without linseed oil treatment, showed no evidence of deterioration after 4 yr of exposure.
Download or read book Waterproofing Membranes for Concrete Bridge Decks written by David G. Manning and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 1995 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This synthesis will be of interest to research, specifications, materials, design, and construction engineers; contract and specification administrators; agency project managers and staff; and concrete bridge deck construction contractors. This synthesis describes the state of the practice with respect to the development and present status of waterproofing membranes for concrete bridge decks. This report of the Transportation Research Board describes the use of waterproofing systems applied to new bridge decks and the rehabilitation of deteriorated concrete bridge decks. In addition, this synthesis describes current practice with regard to methods for assessing the effectiveness of membranes, criteria for use, installation practices, and factors that affect the performance of waterproofing systems in new construction and rehabilitation. Suggestions for future research are also included.
Download or read book High Performance Concrete Bridge Decks A Fast Track Implementation Study Volume 1 Structural Behavior written by Robert J. Frosch and published by Purdue University Press. This book was released on 2008-11-01 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Transverse cracking of concrete bridge decks is problematic in numerous states. Cracking has been identified in the negative and positive moment regions of bridges and can appear shortly after opening the structure to live loads. To improve the service life of the bridge deck as well as decrease maintenance costs, changes to current construction practices in Indiana are being considered. A typical bridge deck was instrumented which incorporated the following: increased reinforcement amounts, decreasing reinforcement spacing, and high-performance, low-shrinkage concrete. The low shrinkage concrete was achieved using a ternary concrete mix. The objective of this research was to determine the performance, particularly in terms of transverse cracking and shrinkage, of a bridge incorporating design details meant to reduce cracking. Based on measurements from the bridge, it was determined that maximum tensile strains experienced in the concrete were not sufficient to initiate cracking. An on-site inspection was performed to confirm that cracking had not initiated. The data was analyzed and compared with the behavior of a similarly constructed bridge built with nearly identical reinforcing details, but with a more conventional concrete to evaluate the effect of the HPC. Based on this study, it was observed that full-depth transverse cracks did not occur in the structure and that the use of HPC lowered the magnitude of restrained shrinkage strains and resulting tensile stresses.
Download or read book Control and Repair of Bridge Deck Cracking written by Robert J. Frosch and published by . This book was released on 2010-11-15 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Transverse Cracking of High Performance Concrete Bridge Decks After One Season Or Six to Eight Months written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cracking is a major problem with newly placed concrete decks. These decks tend to develop full depth, transverse cracks and partial depth longitudinal cracks within a few months of the concrete being placed. A literature review showed that several other states had experienced similar problems. A review of data from Ohio bridge decks showed weak correlations between deck cracking and slump, time of year when the deck was placed, shrinkage, chloride permeability and compressive strength, but there was no clear relationship between cracking and any of these properties. Data also suggested that using a coarse aggregate with an absorption> 1% may help mitigate deck cracking but will not always stop it. As part of this study, 3 bridge decks were instrumented. One was a standard class "S" concrete deck and the other two were high performance concrete. The class "S" deck showed only hairline cracking after 1 year, but transverse cracking occurred in the HPC decks. Instruments were placed in the decks to monitor strains. From the data, it appears that cracking is caused by several factors. High heat of hydration caused the plastic concrete to expand. When the concrete sets and cools, tensile stressed develop. Further tensile stresses develop through drying shrinkage. Restraining the deck against normal thermal movement contributes to additional tensile stress. Autogeneous shrinkage, where high heats of hydration cause water evaporation during hydration, and plastic shrinkage may cause more tensile stress. Recommendations for mitigating cracking include using lower cement contents, adding pozzolans and retarders, using slightly higher water/cement ratios, using larger aggregates, taking steps to limit shrinkage and eliminating restraints.
Download or read book Identification of Performance Indicators and Development of Performance Based Specifications for Bridge Decks written by Thomas H. Wenzel and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Durability of Concrete Bridge Decks written by National Research Council (U.S.). Transportation Research Board and published by Transportation Research Board National Research. This book was released on 1979 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This synthesis will be of special interest and usefulness to bridge engineers and others seeking information on design, construction, and maintenance of bridge decks. Detailed information is presented on the causes, prevention, evaluation, and rehabilitation of deck deterioration related to corrosion of steel reinforcement."--Avant-propos.
Download or read book Performance and Constructability of Silica Fume Bridge Deck Overlays written by Gerald G. Miller and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 478 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The effects of construction practices and material properties on the performance of concrete bridge decks are evaluated. Emphasis is placed on comparing bridge decks with silica fume and conventional concrete overlays and determining if the silica fume overlays commonly used on bridges in Kansas are performing at a level that justifies the extra cost and construction precautions. Forty continuous steel girder bridges, 20 with silica fume overlays, 16 with conventional overlays and four with monolithic bridge decks are included in the study.
Download or read book Relating Material Properties to Exposure Conditions for Predicting Service Life in Concrete Bridge Decks in Indiana written by Vinit Barde and published by Purdue University Press. This book was released on 2007-12-01 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bridges in the US are deteriorating at an alarming rate. It has been estimated that transportation agencies across the US invest more than 5 billion dollars on concrete bridge repair and renovation annually. To meet the needs of transportation industry, high performance concrete (HPC) has been developed for the construction of bridges. However, the link between material properties and field performance is not completely established. Goodspeed et al. [1996] defined the performance of concrete using four material parameters that describe durability and four material parameters that describe mechanical properties. However, material properties alone cannot entirely define field performance. Rather some consideration is needed to quantify the conditions to which the concrete will be exposed. The exposure conditions vary based on the geographical location. This work relates material properties with the exposure conditions typical of those in the state of Indiana to estimate the performance of concrete bridge decks. The exposure conditions in the state of Indiana were assessed. Specifically, temperature, rainfall, wetting events, freeze thaw cycles, and relative humidity have been classified. To assess the variation in these parameters across the state, contour maps were developed using information from cities in the state of Indiana as well as cities in surrounding states. The eight parameters suggested by Goodspeed et al. [1996] were reviewed. Three key distresses behavior (chloride ingress, freezing and thawing, and shrinkage cracking) have been investigated in depth. Relationships have been developed to relate measured material properties (from the results of AASHTO/ASTM tests) with the predicted performance of the concrete structure under different exposure condition. First, a model is presented that relates the results of Rapid Chloride Permeability Test (RCPT) with the anticipated service life of bridge deck against corrosion due to chloride ingress. Second, a model is presented that relates results of sorptivity, porosity, and critical saturation with the anticipated service life of concrete exposed to freezing and thawing. Third, a model is presented that relates the shrinkage of concrete with the potential for premature cracking. The results of each of the models have been presented for conditions that are typical of the state of Indiana.
Download or read book Life cycle Cost Analysis for Protection and Rehabilitation of Concrete Bridges Relative to Reinforcement Corrosion written by Ronald L. Purvis and published by Strategic Highway Research Program (Shrp). This book was released on 1994 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A systematic methodology is presented for highway agencies to use at the project level to determine the most cost-effective treatment, and its timing, for specific concrete bridge components that are deteriorating or are subject to deterioration. The methodology is set forth in the form of both a handbook and a computer program. The methodology in its present form applies only when the predominant concrete deterioration is associated with chloride-induced corrosion of the reinforcing steel. The methodology is designed to be flexible and can be tailored to suit the needs of individual highway agencies.
Download or read book Concrete Bridge Protection Repair and Rehabilitation Relative to Reinforcement Corrosion written by Richard E. Weyers and published by Strategic Highway Research Program (Shrp). This book was released on 1993 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This manual is a practical guide for state highway agency personnel who are faced with the day-to-day task of cost-effectively protecting repairing, and rehabilitating concrete bridges exposed to chloride laden environments. The manual addresses the chloride induced corrosion of reinforcing steel. Methods are presented to estimate the service life and remaining service life of concrete bridge components. Economic models are presented to enable selection of the most cost effective methods. These methods include standard physical, chemical, and experimental protection, repair, and rehabilitation. Also, rapid bridge deck protection, repair, and rehabilitation methods are presented. Two mechanized concrete removal methods, milling and hydrodemolition, are compared to the traditional method, pneumatic breakers. The advantages of combining the strengths of the three removal methods are also presented.
Download or read book In service Performance of HP Concrete Bridge Decks written by Frank T. Owens and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
