Download or read book Effect of Timing and Rate of Metribuzin on Wheat and Barley Cultivars and on Italian Ryegrass written by Nedret Durutan and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A field study was conducted in 1973 and 1974 to determine optimum timing of metribuzin (4-amino-6-tert-butyl-3(methylthio) as - tria.zine-5(4H)one) on winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L. 'Hyslop') for control of Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.). Herbicide treatments were applied at 5 different stages of growth of winter wheat. Metribuzin at 0.56 kg/ha applied in December at the three to four tiller stage gave the best combination of high wheat yields and excellent ryegrass control. Preemergence and early postemergence treatments caused more wheat injury than later applidations. Poor ryegrass control was obtained from April treatments. The objective of the greenhouse experiments was to compare the responses of wheat and barley cultivars to metribuzin. Experiments were conducted either in the greenhouse or in growth chambers. Wheat cultivars were Hyslop, McDermid, Wanser, Paha, and Yamhill. Kamiak and Hudson were the barley cultivars. Metribuzin was applied at the two-leaf stage at rates ranging from 0.11 kg/ha to 1.68 kg /ha. Within barley cultivars, Kamiak tended to be more tolerant to metribuzin than Hudson. The relative sensitivity of the five wheat cultivars varied between experiments but three of the cultivars, Paha, Wanser, and Yamhill tended to be less susceptible than Hyslop and McDermid. Under the conditions of higher light intensity and higher temperature, barley cultivars were found to be significantly less susceptible to metribuzin injury than wheat cultivars.
Download or read book O S U Theses and Dissertations 1970 1977 written by Oregon State University and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Agronomy News written by and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sept.-Oct. issue includes list of theses and dissertations for U.S. and Canadian graduate degrees granted in crop science, soil science, and agronomic science during the previous academic year.
Download or read book Influence of Lime on Italian Ryegrass Control in Winter Wheat with Five Herbicides written by Engin Ozdilek and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Liming has been shown to increase the activity of certain soil-applied herbicides. One research worker reported improved weed control with diuron after lime had increased soil pH levels. This could be caused by improved competitive ability of the wheat, greater availability of the herbicide, or a combination of the two factors, Field studies were conducted at two locations to determine the effect of three lime rates on wheat growth alone, on ryegrass growth alone, and on ryegrass control from five herbicides. Lime rates were 0, 4.5, and 9.0 t/ha, giving an approximate pH range from 5. 0 to 6.1. Herbicides used were trifluralin, triallate, diclofop, rnetribuzin, and diuron, each applied at three rates. Diuron at eight rates was also studied in the greenhouse at five rates of lime. All of the herbicides in the field studies caused large increases in wheat grain yield when compared to untreated ryegrass-infested wheat. However, liming had no effect on ryegrass growth nor activity of the herbicides and, except in one case, no effect on wheat growth. The high rate of metribuzin, 1.12 kg/ha, caused severe wheat injury at one location but only minor injury at the other. The other herbicides caused little or no injury even at double the commercial rate. In one greenhouse experiment, application of lime increased ryegrass growth but did not affect diuron activity. In the other experiment, lime alone did not influence ryegrass growth but tended to increase diuron activity at the 4.5 t/ha lime rate. The application of lime is not expected to have wide-spread effects on weed control in winter wheat in western Oregon, at least with the five herbicides tested in these studies.
Download or read book Bibliography of Agriculture written by and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 1228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Agrindex written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 1390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Evaluating the Interaction Between Herbicide and Fertilizer Application Timing to Improve Italian Ryegrass Control Grain Quality and Yield in Oklahoma Wheat Production written by Steven Robert Calhoun and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Controlling Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) is a serious problem for Oklahoma winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) producers to face. Italian ryegrass, when not controlled, reduces wheat yield and overall grain quality due to higher than acceptable levels of inert material. The overarching objective of this experiment was to evaluate the interaction between N fertilizer application timing and post-emergence herbicide application timing for control of Italian ryegrass. This interaction will be evaluated based on grain yield, grain quality (protein concentration and dockage in harvested grain), N accumulation in winter wheat and Italian ryegrass, biomass growth, and control of Italian ryegrass. Italian ryegrass was controlled with Axial XL (Pinoxaden) four times, three in the fall during 2011 and once in the fall of 2012 and once in the fall 2012 and twice in the spring of 2013. Tissue samples collect during the 2011-2012 growing season showed an increase in wheat biomass weights when Italian ryegrass populations were controlled. Good growing conditions early in the 2011-2012 growing season allowed wheat biomass to develop and out compete the Italian ryegrass. The greatest Italian ryegrass densities were discovered in the 0 Kg N ha−1 N application rate, poor fertility reduced the competitiveness of wheat. Yields in the weedy plots were slightly lower than the weed free plots that received the same amount of N. Although not significant at all locations between each N rate, the overall grain yields where increase between 37 to 521 Kg ha−1 when Italian ryegrass was controlled in the fall. The results found in the study can be used to better manage herbicide and N inputs for maximum weed control, grain quality, yield, and economic return.
Download or read book Weed Science and Weed Management in Rice and Cereal Based Cropping Systems 2 Volumes written by Aurora M. Baltazar and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2023-03-29 with total page 1145 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book presents discussions on: Biology and ecology of major troublesome weeds infesting rice, wheat, corn, soybean, focusing on different cropping patterns in both tropical and temperate cropping systems and science-based weed management practices involving chemical, non-chemical, biological, integrated methods. Herbicides used, with their most recent classification, identification of new target sites, mechanisms and modes of action and how and why weeds evolve resistance to herbicides. New concepts, new paradigms and new technologies to manage evolution of resistance to herbicides including weed genomics, bioherbicides and allelochemicals. Highly recommended for students, teachers, researchers, agronomists, horticulturists, crop physiologists, and crop protection specialists in tropical and temperate agricultural systems, particularly in areas where major tropical weeds are posing potential threats to temperate agricultural systems.
Download or read book Pacific Northwest Weed Control Handbook written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 556 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Control of Italian Ryegrass Lolium Perenne L Spp Multiflorum Lam Husnot in Wheat Triticum Spp and Evaluation of Resistance to Acetyl CoA Carboxylase Inhibiting Herbicides written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 65 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Control of Italian ryegrass is important to Tennessee wheat producers. Control of Italian ryegrass has become more difficult over the years due to diclofop resistance. Italian ryegrass resistance to diclofop has been documented in several countries including the US. Tennessee producers have begun to notice that ryegrass escapes are becoming more prevalent than in years past. The purpose of this research was to use glasshouse methods to screen selected populations of Italian ryegrass for resistance to diclofop and to a more recent wheat herbicide pinoxaden and to utilize field experiments to develop herbicide programs for control Italian ryegrass in the field. Resistance to diclofop was found in eight TN populations. The eight populations did not show cross-resistance to pinoxaden. One population from Union County, NC (R1) was found to be resistant to both diclofop and pinoxaden. The level of resistance to pinoxaden of the R1 population was 14 x that of the susceptible population. Field experiments demonstrated preemergence (PRE) Italian ryegrass control with chlorsulfuron (71 to 94%) and flufenacet + metribuzin (84 to 96%). Italian ryegrass control with pendimethalin applied PRE or delayed preemergence (DPRE) was variable (0 to 85%). Postemergence control of Italian ryegrass was good with pinoxaden, mesosulfuron, flufenacet + metribuzin, and chlorsulfuron + flucarbazone (>80%). Timing of application and herbicide treatment had no effect upon wheat yield, except for diclofop and pendimethalin treatments where Italian ryegrass was not controlled. Pinoxaden is in the phenylpyrazolin herbicide family which offers control of Italian ryegrass but is not toxic to wheat. Pinoxaden has only been on the market for three years yet several wheat producers have suspected resistance in Italian ryegrass biotypes. An experiment was conducted to identify Italian ryegrass biotypes resistant to pinoxaden and to determine the mechanism of resistance using derived Cleaved Amplified Polymorphic Sequence (dCAPS) methods. Two populations were found resistant to pinoxaden, one from the state of Washington (R2) and the other from North Carolina (R1). The substitution of isoleucine by leucine at the 1781 ACCase residue was identified in the R1 biotype but not in the R2. The NC1 biotype is the first known pinoxaden resistant Italian ryegrass population to be documented having the 1781 target-site mutation.
Download or read book Weed Technology written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 658 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Bibliography of Agriculture written by and published by . This book was released on 1992-10 with total page 732 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 942 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Crop Protection Reference written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 2714 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Response of Wheat Triticum Aestivum L Cultivars and Downy Brome Bromus Tectorum L to Metribuzin and Ethyl Metribuzin written by Muhammad Munir and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Downy brome (Bromus tectorum. L.), a serious grass weed in eastern Oregon can be partially controlled in wheat by metribuzin [4-amino-6-tertbutyl- 3-(methylthio)-as triazin -5(4H)-one]. However, cultivars of many crops Lave been reported to differ in their level of tolerance to metribuzin. This lack of tolerance has led to the investigation of other compounds, such as the ethylthio analog of metribuzin [4-amino-6-tert-butyI-3-(ethylthio)-as-triazin- 5(4H)-on], for selective control of downy brome in wheat. Greenhouse and growth chamber experiments on wheat, growing in soil or nutrient solution showed that: 1) GR50 values for Stephens, Hill 81, Yanahill, and Malcolm in soil were 0.41, 0.23, 0.25, and 0.44 kg/ha, respectively, for metribuzin and 1.89, 1.29, 1.37, and 1.97 kg/ha, respectively, for ethyl metribuzin; 2) GR50 values for these cultivars in nutrient solution were 3.26, 1.17, 1.32, and 3.87 uM, respectively, for metribuzin and 12.69, 7.20, 7.19, and 13.41 uM, respectively, for ethyl metribuzin; 3) Uptake of both herbicides.; by wheat was through the roots; 4) Cultivars did not show any differences in herbicide absorption from the nutrient solution. Therefore, differences in varietal tolerance may be are due to biochemical or physiological reasons, but are not due to differences in herbicide uptake. Increased growth at lower concentrations of these herbicides was observed in all cultivars studied. Metribuzin was five times more active than ethyl metribuzin. Both of these herbicides can be applied as an early postemergence treatment at the 3 leaf stage of wheat for effective control of downy brome. Yield components of the four cultivars were measured in response to metribuzin and ethyl metribuzin at two ecologically different sites. The susceptible cultivars (Hill 81 and Yamhill) showed greater injury in the lighter soils with high pH and lower organic matter content. Visual estimates of crop injury were generally higher than the actual reduction in final yield. Crop injury ratings up to 25% generally did not show a significant reduction in final grain yield. A positive correlation between protein content and concentration of these herbicides was noted. A study on the joint action of these two herbicides in the field and greenhouse showed that the combination of the two, increased the control of downy brome at lower rates. Their combined action was studied by using Colby's method and isobole method of Tammes. The reaction was calculated as additive. Downy brome was 8, 5, 5, and 9 times more sensitive to metribuzin and 6, 4, 4, and 6, times more sensitive to ethyl metribuzin than were the cultivars Stephens, Hill 81, Yamhill, and Malcolm, respectively. The use of these two herbicides to control downy brome in the cultivars Hill 81 and Yamhill should be avoided unless careful attention is given to soil properties and environmental conditions.
Download or read book Weed Biology and Management written by Inderjit and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 550 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Weeds hold an enigmatic and sometimes-controversial place in agriculture, where they are generally reviled, grudgingly tolerated, and occasionally admired. In most cases, growers make considerable effort to reduce the negative economic impact of weeds because they compete with crops for resources and hinder field operations, thereby affecting crop productivity and quality, and ultimately the sustainability of agriculture. Weed control in production agriculture is commonly achieved through the integration of chemical, biological, and mechanical management methods. Chemicals (herbicides) usually inhibit the growth and establishment of weed plants by interfering with various physiological and biochemical pathways. Biological methods include crop competition, smother crops, rotation crops, and allelopathy, as well as specific insect predators and plant pathogens. Mechanical methods encompass an array of tools from short handled hoes to sophisticated video-guided robotic machines. Integrating these technologies, in order to relieve the negative impacts of weeds on crop production in a way that allows growers to optimize profits and preserve human health and the environment, is the science of weed management.
Download or read book Effect of Selected Herbicides on Italian Ryegrass Lolium Multiflorum and Returns from Hard Red Winter Wheat Triticum Aestivum written by Matthew Austin Barnes and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
