Download or read book Effect of Temperature and Ionic Impurities at Very Low Concentrations on Stress Corrosion Cracking of Type 304 Stainless Steel written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The relative effect of approx. 12 anion species, in conjunction with hydrogen and sodium cations, on the stress-corrosion-cracking (SCC) behavior of lightly sensitized Type 304 stainless steel was investigated in constant-extension-rate-tensile (CERT) tests at 289°C in water with 0.2 ppM dissolved oxygen at total conductivity values of less than or equal to 1 .mu. S/cm. The results show that the sulfur species, either in acid or sodium form, produce the highest degree of IGSCC relative to other anions. The effect of temperature on the SCC behavior of the material was investigated in CERT tests over the range 110 to 320°C in high-purity water and in water containing 0.1 and 1.0 ppM sulfate as H2SO4 at a dissolved oxygen concentration of 0.2 ppM. The CERT parameters were correlated with impurity concentration (i.e., conductivity) and the electrochemical potential of platinum and Type 304 stainless steel electrodes in the high-temperature environments. Maximum IGSCC occurred at temperatures between approx. 200 and 250°C in high-purity water, and the addition of sulfate increased the average crack growth rates and the temperature range over which maximum susceptibility occurred. A distinct transition from intergranular to transgranular and ultimately to a ductile failure mode was observed as the temperature increased from approx. 270 to 320°C in high-purity water. This transition was attributed to a decrease in the open-circuit corrosion potential of the steel below a critical value of approx. 0 mV(SHE) at the higher temperature. A large decrease in the crack growth rates of fracture-mechanics-type specimens of the steel was also found when the temperature was increased from 289 to 320°C in high-purity water with 0.2 ppM dissolved oxygen. 26 references, 8 figures, 6 tables.
Download or read book Stress Corrosion Cracking written by V S Raja and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-09-22 with total page 817 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The problem of stress corrosion cracking (SCC), which causes sudden failure of metals and other materials subjected to stress in corrosive environment(s), has a significant impact on a number of sectors including the oil and gas industries and nuclear power production. Stress corrosion cracking reviews the fundamentals of the phenomenon as well as examining stress corrosion behaviour in specific materials and particular industries.The book is divided into four parts. Part one covers the mechanisms of SCC and hydrogen embrittlement, while the focus of part two is on methods of testing for SCC in metals. Chapters in part three each review the phenomenon with reference to a specific material, with a variety of metals, alloys and composites discussed, including steels, titanium alloys and polymer composites. In part four, the effect of SCC in various industries is examined, with chapters covering subjects such as aerospace engineering, nuclear reactors, utilities and pipelines.With its distinguished editors and international team of contributors, Stress corrosion cracking is an essential reference for engineers and designers working with metals, alloys and polymers, and will be an invaluable tool for any industries in which metallic components are exposed to tension, corrosive environments at ambient and high temperatures. - Examines the mechanisms of stress corrosion cracking (SCC) presenting recognising testing methods and materials resistant to SCC - Assesses the effect of SCC on particular metals featuring steel, stainless steel, nickel-based alloys, magnesium alloys, copper-based alloys and welds in steels - Reviews the monitoring and management of SCC and the affect of SCC in different industries such as petrochemical and aerospace
Download or read book Analysis of the Effects of Corrosion Potential and Impurities on the Stress Corrosion Cracking of Type 304 Stainless Steel written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intergranular stress corrosion cracking (IGSCC) of sensitized Type 304 stainless steel (SS) has been a recurrent problem in the high-temperature water environment of boiling-water-reactors (BWRs) over the past two decades. The synergistic effects of environmental and material variables on stress corrosion cracking (SCC) of Type 304 SS were investigated at 289°C by means of constant-extension-rate-tensile (CERT) tests at a strain rate of 1 x 10−6/s. Correlations among environmental variables (dissolved oxygen and impurity concentrations, viz., H2SO4, steady-state open-circuit electro-chemical potential) and the SCC susceptibility parameters have been determined. The extensive results over a wide range of open-circuit corrosion potential conditions were analyzed by a model which accounts for the effects of environmental variables, microstructure (e.g., degree of sensitization) and strain rate. The results are consistent with a slip-dissolution mechanism for SCC. Furthermore, representation of the dependence of corrosion potential and average crack growth rate on the dissolved oxygen concentration of the water by a simple mathematical function, in conjunction with the theoretical model, enables predictions of both strain rate and environmental effects on the SCC susceptibility of sensitized Type 304 SS. 12 refs., 7 figs.
Download or read book Effects of Impurities on Stress Corrosion Cracking in Type 316NG Stainless Steel written by William Dale Miller and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Effect of Aqueous Impurities on the Stress Corrosion Cracking of Austenitic Stainless Steel in High temperature Water written by R. B. Davis and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Environmental Degradation of Materials in Nuclear Power Systems Water Reactors written by Gabriell Ilevbare and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-07-17 with total page 2354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This 15th Edition of the International Conference on Materials Degradation in Light Water Reactors focuses on subject areas critical to the safe and efficient running of nuclear reactor systems through the exchange and discussion of reseach results as well as field operating and management experience.
Download or read book Corrosion Resistance of Steels Nickel Alloys and Zinc in Aqueous Media written by Michael Schütze and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-01-05 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook is derived from the online reference "Corrosion Handbook", bringing together the relevant information about corrosion protection and prevention for steels, one of the most widely used materials. It provides comprehensive information, including tabulated data and references, on the corrosion properties of the following materials: Unalloyed steels and cast steel, unalloyed cast iron, high-alloy cast iron, high-silicon cast iron, structural steels with up to 12% chromium, ferritic chromium steels with more than 12% chromium, ferritic-austenitic steels with more than 12% chromium, high-alloy multiphase steels, ferritic/perlitic-martensitic steels, ferritic-austenitic steels/duplex steels, austenitic chromium-nickel steels, austenitic chromium-nickel-molybdenum steels, austenitic chromium-nickel steels with special alloying additions, special iron-based alloys, and zinc. The following corrosive media are considered: Seawater, brackish water, industrial waste water, municipal waste water, drinking water, high-purity water.
Download or read book Effect of Sulfuric Acid Oxygen and Hydrogen in High temperature Water on Stress Corrosion Cracking of Sensitized Type 304 Stainless Steel written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The influence of dissolved oxygen and hydrogen and dilute sulfuric acid in 289°C water on the stress-corrosion-cracking susceptibility of lightly and moderately sensitized Type 304 stainless steel was determined in constant-extension-rate tensile (CERT) tests. The CERT parameters and the fracture surface morphologies were correlated with the concentrations of dissolved oxygen and sulfate, and the electrochemical potentials of platinum and Type 304 stainless steel electrodes in simulated boiling-water reactor (BWR) environments. A particularly high susceptibility to intergranular cracking was found for the steel in the lightly sensitized condition at oxygen concentrations between approx. 0.05 and 0.2 ppM under slightly acidic conditions (pH approx. 6.0 at 25°C), which may, in part, account for the pervasive nature of intergranular cracking in BWR piping systems. Scanning-transmission electron microscopy analyses revealed significant differences between samples in the lightly and the moderately sensitized condition with respect to the width, but not the depth, of the chromium-depleted region at the grain boundaries. The addition of 0.5 ppM hydrogen to the water had only a small mitigating effect on intergranular cracking in water containing oxygen and sulfuric acid at low concentrations; however, oxygen suppression to less than or equal to 0.05 ppM in the reactor-coolant water, by means of hydrogen additions to the feedwater, would be quite beneficial provided impurities are also maintained at very low levels.
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book INIS Atomindex written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 718 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Stress Corrosion Cracking the Slow Strain rate Technique written by G. M. Ugiansky and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 1979 with total page 446 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Assuring Structural Integrity of Steel Reactor Pressure Boundary Components written by K. E. Stahlkopf and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book ERDA Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 676 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Corrosion Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 628 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Stress corrosion Cracking written by Warren E. Berry and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Metals Handbook written by ASM Handbook Committee and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 624 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
