Download or read book Effect of State of Stress on Velocity of Low Amplitude Compression Waves Propagating Along Principal Stress Directions in Dry Sand written by Stewart E. Kopperman and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Little research has been performed in which the effect of biaxial and triaxial states of stress on the propagation velocity of compression and shear waves has been investigated. Therefore, a triaxial testing device was constructed, and an initial test series was performed to determine the relationship between propagation velocities and state of stress in a dry sand. The testing device was constructed of reinforced steel and was designed to hold a cubic soil sample measuring 7 ft (2.1 m) on a side. Rubber membranes were placed between the soil and three mutually perpendicular walls of the cube, corresponding to the three principal planes. Stress and strain measuring devices were also placed in the soil. The effects on compression of the sample were determined. Structural anisotropy caused a variation between principal stress axes of about ten percent in velocity at a given pressure. Stress history resulted in no noticeable variation in P-wave velocity and, therefore, was neglected. Biaxial and triaxial loading results lead to the same conclusion, namely that the velocity of compression waves propagating along principal stress directions in dry sand as low-amplitude body waves depends only on the stress in the direction of wave propagation.
Download or read book Effect of State of Stress on Velocity of Low amplitude Shear Waves Propagating Along Principal Stress Directions in Dry Sand written by David P. Knox and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Little research has been performed in which the effect of biaxial and triaxial states of stress on the propagation velocity of compression and shear waves has been investigated. Therefore, a triaxial testing device was constructed, and an initial test series was performed to determine the relationship between propagation velocities and state of stress in a dry sand. The testing device was constructed of reinforced steel and was designed to hold a cubic soil sample measuring 7 ft (2.1 m) on a side. Rubber membranes were placed between the soil and three mutually perpendicular walls of the cube, corresponding to the three principal planes. Stress and strain measuring devices were also placed in the soil. The effects on compression of the sample were determined. Structural anisotropy caused a variation between principal stress axes of about ten percent in velocity at a given pressure. Stress history resulted in no noticeable variation in P-wave velocity and, therefore, was neglected. Biaxial and triaxial loading results lead to the same conclusion, namely that the velocity of compression waves propagating along principal stress directions in dry sand as low-amplitude body waves depends only on the stress in the direction of wave propagation.
Download or read book Effects of structural and stress anisotropy on velocity of low amplitude compression waves propagating along principal stress directions in dry sand written by H. Y. F. Chu and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A 7-ft cubical sample of dry sand was tested using the triaxial device constructed by Kopperman et al (1982) and Knox et al (1982). The sand was the same as that used by Kopperman and Knox. A new raining device was fabricated and used to construct this sand sample which resulted in a more uniform sample than prepared earlier. Improvements were also made to the excitation ports in order to have better control. Extensive tests were performed under the following different stress states: isotropic, biaxial and triaxial. In each case, velocities of P-waves propagating along all principal stress directions were measured. Results from these tests lead to the following conclusions: (1) the effect of stress history on P-wave velocity is negligible, (2) the sample can be treated as a cross-anisotropic material under isotropic confinement due to structural anisotropy, (3) complete anisotropy resulted by the coupling of stress anisotropy and structural anisotropy, and (4) P-wave velocity depends on the principal effective stress in the direction of propagation with principal stresses perpendicular to the direction of propagation having a negligible effect on velocity.
Download or read book Effect of state of stress velocity of low amplitude compression waves propagating along principal stress directions in sand written by Stuart E. Kopperman and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Technical Abstract Bulletin written by and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Stress Waves in Solids written by Herbert Kolsky and published by Courier Corporation. This book was released on 1963-01-01 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The most readable survey of the theoretical core of current knowledge available. The author gives a concise account of the classical theory necessary to an understanding of the subject and considers how this theory has been extended to solids.
Download or read book Effect of Shear Stress on Dynamic Bulk Modulus of Sand written by John H. Schmertmann and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effect of Shear Stress on Dynamic Bulk Modlus of Sand written by John H. Schmertmann and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 97 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The effect of shear stress on the magnitude and directional variation of the dynamic bulk modulus of sand was investigated by means of a program of laboratory measurements of P-wave and S-wave velocities under varied stress conditions. The sand used was air-dry Reid-Bedford Model sand and was tested at relative densities of about 25% and 80%. Test specimens were 4 ft high by 4 ft in diameter, formed by pluviation in air a cylindrical pressure chamber. The test results indicate that compression and shear wave velocities vary with direction in an isotropic stress field due to inherent anisotropy of the sand structure, but that this phenomenon has only a modest (0-20%) effect in producing anisotropy in the bulk modulus. The work tends to confirm, within + or - 10%, that the shear wave velocity depends only on the level of octahedral normal effective stress and not on stress anisotropy. IN contrast with the shear wave velocity, the compression wave velocity increases significantly in the direction of the major principal stress and depends primarily on the effective stress on the plane normal to wave travel. Values of bulk modulus, computed from the wave velocities under the assumption of elastic isotropy, show a variation with direction, which contradicts the assumption of isotropy. Appendix A contains photographs of typical oscilloscope waveforms from each replicate series of five impacts, and Appendix B presents tables of corrected Vp and Vs, the push wave and shear wave velocities, respectively, from each test.
Download or read book Study of the Dynamic Stress strain and Wave propagation Characteristics of Soils written by W. L. Durbin and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Laboratory Study of the Effect of Stress State on the Elastic Moduli of Sand written by Martin D. Lewis and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A new laboratory device was built which uses dynamic wave propagation to determine independently the constrained (M), Young's (E), and shear (G) moduli by measuring the dilational, bar and shear wave velocities, respectively. This device, the multi-moduli testing device, can vary the principal stress, in compression or extension, that is parallel to the longitudinal axis of a cylindrical soil specimen, creating a state of stress in the specimen. Dilational and shear wave velocities are determined using pulse test methods. Bar wave velocity is determined using a longitudinal resonant method in which the first 4 natural frequencies of the specimen are determined. Bar wave velocity is computed from the natural frequencies using a two-step reduction process that begins by computing the phase velocity assuming 1-dimensional motion. The 2nd step uses the 3-D solution for longitudinal wave propagation in an infinite rod to adjust the phase velocities. Resulting values for the bar wave velocity are typically within 5% of each other. Tests conducted on dry, uncemented sand subjected to isotropic and biaxial stress conditions showed that when confined isotropically, all 3 moduli could be adequately described by a relationship involving a constant times the mean effective stress raised to a power ranging from 0.45 to 0.51. M and E tests show that the principal stress in the direction of wave propagation controls or dominates the modulus; principal stresses perpendicular to the propagation direction have more influence on E than M. (MM).
Download or read book Study of the Dynamic Stress strain and Wave propagation Characteristics of Soils written by and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Acoustic Velocity and Attenuation of Unconsolidated Sands written by Juping Liu and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Response of Soils to Dynamic Loadings written by P. J. Moore and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Proceedings of Second Symposium on the Interaction of Non nuclear Munitions with Structures written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 614 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book An Experimental Investigation of Stress Wave Propagation written by Eugene Arman Ripperger and published by . This book was released on 1952 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 1252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Measurements of Stress strain Peak Particle Velocity and Wave propagation in Three Sands written by W. L. Durbin and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
