Download or read book Effect of Rearing Environment and Environmental Enrichment on Behavior and Neural Development in Young Pigs written by Temple Grandin and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is increasing concern about the welfare of farm animals. In two trials, forty-eight 7.97 and 10.78 kg Hampshire-sired crossbred pigs were housed in either a complex environment (CE) or a simple environment (SE) for 9.5 weeks. The SE consisted of two pigs, in 1.22 x 1.22-m pens in a closed building. The CE consisted of 12 pigs in an outdoor pen with straw bedding, daily petting by people and a variety of objects such as cloth strips, chains, balls, boards, and newspapers. The objects were changed daily. In half the animals the somatosensory cortex was Golgi-Cox impregnated. SE pigs had greater dendritic branching and larger somas than CE pigs. Total ring intersections were 55.70 $pm$ 2.38 and 48.62 $pm$ 2.38, respectively. SE pigs engaged in greater amounts of belly nosing, which may have stimulated the cortex. There was no effect on visual cortex. The SE pigs were more excitable and aggressive. CE pigs approached a strange man more rapidly and were more willing to walk through a narrow chute. Further experiments indicated that the addition of small amounts of environmental enrichment to barren pens greatly reduced blind excitability ratings. Petting by a person (mingling) for 5 minutes once a week was effective. Two enrichment treatments such as mingling and objects (hanging rubber hoses) were more effective than a single treatment. Environmental effects on handling behavior were complex. In one trial, mingling and objects reduced the amount of prodding required to move pigs through a chute. In another trial, mingled pigs were more difficult to drive. There may be an optimal level of tameness for pigs which will be marketed for slaughter. In barren pens, hanging cloth strips (objects) reduced fighting in newly mixed pigs. One week of exposure to objects prior to mixing reduced biting and pulling of the objects during mixing. Previous exposure to objects prior to mixing had no effect on fighting. When objects were first introduced, activity was intense, and it leveled off at a lower level. The pigs appear to seek stimulation. Simple enrichment procedures may alleviate the effects of sensory restriction.
Download or read book Environmental Enrichment of Pigs written by Emma Fàbrega i Romans and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-02-11 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pigs have a strong motivation to explore and root. In conventional pig husbandry systems, this need is difficult to fulfil, unless adequate enrichment materials are provided. This book summarises how enrichment strategies for pigs have evolved over the last few decades in different countries and provides a vast array of possibilities to enhance the exploratory needs of pigs. The role of enrichment material on avoidance of tail biting outbreaks or as an element triggering positive emotions in pigs is also discussed.
Download or read book Environmental Enrichment and Its Effect on the Behavior of Young Pigs sus Scrofa Maintained in Intensive Housing written by Debi M. Spitzfaden and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Advances in Swine in Biomedical Research written by L.B. Schook and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-07 with total page 510 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Similarities in structure and function between pigs and human beings include size, feeding patterns, digestive physiology, dietary habits, kidney structure and function, pulmo nary vascular bed structure, coronary artery distribution, propensity to obesity, respiratory rates, tidal volumes and social behaviors. Since the pig is an omnivore, it provides an adaptable model to evaluate chronic and acute exposures to xenobiotics such as alcohoL caffeine, tobacco, food additives and environmental pollutants. Swine have been used successfully as models to evaluate alcoholism, diabetes, absorption, digestion, total paren teral nutrition, organ transplantation, atherosclerosis, exercise, hypertension. hemorrhagic hypotension, melanoma, gingivitis, obstructive and reflux nephropathy. osteochondrosis. dermal healing and septic shock. A severe and worsening shortage of organs and tissues for transplantation in patients with severe organ failure has encouraged the consideration of inter species or xenotransplan tation. In developing programs toward this end, the pig generally is viewed as the preferred donor because of its size, physiology and availability. The pig harbors relatively few diseases which could be transmitted inadvertently to human patients. The ability to genetically modify swine to ameliorate the consequences of the human immune response offers a further significant advantage. Another important consideration for an animal model is that basic biologic back ground information be available for investigators to design future prospective studies.
Download or read book The Experimental Animal in Biomedical Research written by Bernard E. Rollin and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1995-03-13 with total page 566 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume focuses on considerations that maximize both scientific benefit and animal well-being for major species of animals used in biomedical research. Each species is discussed in terms of uses in research; basic biology; husbandry requirements; proper handling; disease control; anesthesia, analgesia, and stress control; natural behavior, behavioral needs, psychological needs, and social needs; and ideal environment for the animals. This book is a must for anyone working with experimental animals.
Download or read book Advances in Pig Welfare written by Irene Camerlink and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2017-11-20 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Pig Welfare analyzes current topical issues in the key areas of pig welfare assessment and improvement. With coverage of both recent developments and reviews of historical welfare issues, the volume provides a comprehensive survey of the field. The book is divided into two sections. Part One opens with an overview of main welfare challenges in commercial pig production systems and then reviews pig welfare hot spots from birth to slaughter. Part Two highlights emerging topics in pig welfare, such as pain and health assessment, early socialization and environmental enrichment, pig-human interactions, breeding for welfare, positive pig welfare and pigs as laboratory animals. This book is an essential part of the wider ranging series Advances in Farm Animal Welfare, with coverage of cattle, sheep, pigs and poultry. With its expert editor and international team of contributors, Advances in Pig Welfare is a key reference tool for welfare research scientists and students, veterinarians involved in welfare assessment, and indeed anyone with a professional interest in the welfare of pig. Provides in-depth reviews of emerging topics, research, and applications in pig welfare Analyzes on-farm assessment of pig welfare, an extremely important marker for the monitoring of real welfare impacts of any changes in husbandry systems Edited by a leader in the field of pig welfare, with contributing experts from veterinary science, welfare academia, and practitioners in industry
Download or read book On farm monitoring of pig welfare written by A. Velarde and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2023-08-28 with total page 207 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The objective of this book is to provide a scientifically-based outline for how to evaluate the welfare of pigs at a farm level. Attention is focused on the assessment of the validation of the inferred indicators and parameters, and the validity, reliability and the feasibility of the measuring methods. The book includes mainly animal-based parameters, although other environmentally-based and management-based parameters are also described. These issues are elaborated by well-known experts in their field of work, i.e. fundamental and applied research on all aspects related to the production of pigs. This unique approach has added-value compared to other books because ideas developed in laboratory conditions are discussed here in relation to constraints experienced in field work. Readers from various disciplines will find this critical analysis of the on-farm monitoring of pig welfare useful in relation to the development of certification procedures, the evaluation of production systems (farm, transport, slaughter), the analysis and solving of welfare related problems and in the development of new research projects."
Download or read book Handbook of Ethological Methods written by Philip N. Lehner and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1998-04-16 with total page 700 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A thoroughly updated and expanded step-wise guide to the study of animal behaviour.
Download or read book Genetics and the Behavior of Domestic Animals written by Lotta Rydhmer and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-04-22 with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research in behavioral genetics is important for pig welfare. Consequences of the ongoing selection for high production on pigs’ behavior need to be studied, as well as possibilities to select directly for changed behavior. The Farm Animal Welfare Council’s definition of welfare is based on five freedoms related to hunger and thirst, discomfort, pain, injury or disease, fear and distress and normal behavior. All these freedoms are associated with pig behavior. Maternal behavior related to piglet survival and aggressive behavior of pigs kept in groups are especially important for welfare. Pig breeding programs could be further developed by including behavioral traits relevant for welfare.
Download or read book Genetics and the Behavior of Domestic Animals written by Temple Grandin and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-04-22 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Behavior is shaped by both genetics and experience--nature and nurture. This book synthesizes research from behavioral genetics and animal and veterinary science, bridging the gap between these fields. The objective is to show that principles of behavioral genetics have practical applications to agricultural and companion animals. The continuing domestication of animals is a complex process whose myriad impacts on animal behavior are commonly under-appreciated. Genetic factors play a significant role in both species-specific behaviors and behavioral differences exhibited by individuals in the same species. Leading authorities explore the impact of increased intensities of selection on domestic animal behavior. Rodents, cattle, pigs, sheep, horses, herding and guard dogs, and poultry are all included in these discussions of genetics and behavior, making this book useful to veterinarians, livestock producers, laboratory animal researchers and technicians, animal trainers and breeders, and any researcher interested in animal behavior. Includes four new chapters on dog and fox behavior, pig behavior, the effects of domestication and horse behavior Synthesizes research from behavioral genetics, animal science, and veterinary literature Broaches fields of behavior genetics and behavioral research Includes practical applications of principles discovered by behavioral genetics researchers Covers many species ranging from pigs, dogs, foxes, rodents, cattle, horses, and cats
Download or read book Mental Health and Well Being in Animals written by Franklin D. McMillan and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-06-02 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The past few decades have seen a virtual explosion of scientific research in the area of cognition, emotions, suffering, and mental states in animals. Studies in the field, laboratory, and clinical medical practice have amassed an overwhelming body of evidence demonstrating that mental well-being is of paramount importance in all aspects of animal care. There is no longer any reasonable doubt among researchers that mental health is of equal importance as physical health and animal well-being. Recent research convincingly shows that physical health is strongly influenced by mental states, thereby making it clear that effective health care requires attention to the emotional well-being as well as physical. Yet, for its vast importance, mental health in veterinary medicine has to date not been compiled and structured into an organized field or body of knowledge. This information, so critical to the formal establishment of the field of mental health and well-being in animals, remains scattered throughout a wide array of scientific journals. This book represents the first authoritative reference text bringing together the most up-to-date information in the variety of subjects comprising the field of mental health and well-being in animals. Bringing together a host of distinguished experts internationally noted in the fields of animal emotion research, animal behavior, cognitive science, and neuroscience, the book represents the first authoritative reference compiling the diverse information on the animal mind and combining the revolutionary advances in the cognitive sciences with the knowledge in veterinary medicine and clinical animal behavior. This book takes a descriptive and proscriptive approach to mental health, mixing the scientific research with practical information with clinical applications for veterinary health professionals to use in practice.
Download or read book Thinking in Pictures Expanded Edition written by Temple Grandin and published by Vintage. This book was released on 2006-01-10 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 25th anniversary edition of this seminal work on autism and neurodiversity provides “a uniquely fascinating view” (Deborah Tannen, author of You Just Don’t Understand) of the differences in our brains, and features updated research and insights. With a foreword by Oliver Sacks. Originally published in 1995 as an unprecedented look at autism, Grandin writes from the dual perspectives of a scientist and an autistic person to give a report from “the country of autism.” Introducing a groundbreaking model which analyzes people based on their patterns of thought, Grandin “charts the differences between her life and the lives of those who think in words” (The Philadelphia Inquirer). For the new edition, Grandin has written a new afterword addressing recent developments in the study of autism, including new diagnostic criteria, advancements in genetic research, updated tips, insights into working with children and young people with autism, and more.
Download or read book Sustainable Meat Production and Processing written by Charis M. Galanakis and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-10-29 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sustainable Meat Production and Processing presents current solutions to promote industrial sustainability and best practices in meat production, from postharvest to consumption. The book acts as a guide for meat and animal scientists, technologists, engineers, professionals and producers. The 12 most trending topics of sustainable meat processing and meat by-products management are included, as are advances in ingredient and processing systems for meat products, techno-functional ingredients for meat products, protein recovery from meat processing by-products, applications of blood proteins, artificial meat production, possible uses of processed slaughter co-products, and environmental considerations. Finally, the book covers the preferred technologies for sustainable meat production, natural antioxidants as additives in meat products, and facilitators and barriers for foods containing meat co-products. Analyzes the role of novel technologies for sustainable meat processing Covers how to maintain sustainability and achieve high levels of meat quality and safety Presents solutions to improve productivity and environmental sustainability Takes a proteomic approach to characterize the biochemistry of meat quality defects
Download or read book The Welfare of Pigs written by Jeremy N. Marchant-Forde and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-11-26 with total page 357 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The domestic pig is perceived as an animal with intelligence and character and yet, in the industrialized world, the majority of people have had little or no contact with them. Pigs are subject to a wide range of environments from the tropics to the sub-arctic, ranging from small-scale, extensive systems to large-scale intensive systems. They may spend their whole life on one farm or may be subject to long-distance transport multiple times. Not surprisingly, many aspects of their life experiences can impact their welfare. This book brings together a team of leading pig welfare research scientists to review the natural history of the pig, the welfare of pigs at different stages of life and to indicate what the future holds in terms of pig welfare. The text is aimed at researchers and teachers working in veterinary and animal science together with those working in the pig industry and for governmental and non-governmental animal welfare organizations.
Download or read book High Functioning Individuals with Autism written by Eric Schopler and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Designed to advance understanding of the unique needs of high-functioning individuals with autism, this volume details the latest diagnostic and treatment approaches and analyzes the current conceptions of the neurological processes involved in autism.
Download or read book Improving Animal Welfare written by Temple Grandin and published by CABI. This book was released on 2020-12-08 with total page 443 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Completely revised, updated and with four new chapters on sustainability, new technologies, precision agriculture and the future of animal welfare. This book is edited by an outstanding world expert on animal welfare, it emphasizes throughout the importance of measuring conditions that compromise welfare, such as lameness, heat stress, body condition, and bruises during transport.The book combines scientific information with practical recommendations for use on commercial operations and reviews practical information on livestock handling, euthanasia, slaughter, pain relief, and assessments of abnormal behavior.
Download or read book We Are Best Friends Animals in Society written by Leslie Irvine and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-10-01 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Friendships between humans and non-human animals were once dismissed as sentimental anthropomorphism. After decades of research on the emotional and cognitive capacities of animals, we now recognize human–animal friendships as true reciprocal relationships. Friendships with animals have many of the same characteristics as friendships between humans. Both parties enjoy the shared presence that friendship entails along with the pleasures that come with knowing another being. Both friends develop ways of communicating apart from, or in addition to, spoken language.
