Download or read book Effect of Corn Silage Harvest Hybrid and Concentration on Performance in Growing and Finishing Beef Cattle written by F. Henry Hilscher (Jr) and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Six studies were conducted to evaluate effects of corn silage harvest, hybrid, and concentration in growing and finishing diets. Experiment 1, evaluated corn silage DM (37 or 43%) and replacing corn grain with silage (15 or 45% of diet DM) in finishing diets. Experiment 2, evaluated corn silage DM (37 or 43%) and response to rumen undegradable protein (RUP) supplementation in growing diets. Experiment 3, evaluated nutrient digestibility of 37 or 43% DM corn silage at two different intakes. Experiment 4, 5, and 6 evaluated three corn silage hybrids: a standard hybrid control (CON), a brown midrib (bm3) hybrid (BM3), and an experimental bm3 hybrid (BM3-EXP) with a soft endosperm trait. Experiment 4 evaluated the three hybrids and concentration (15 or 45% of diet DM) in finishing diets, while Exp. 5 and 6, evaluated the same three silage hybrids in growing diets. In Exp. 1 with finishing cattle, as DM of silage increased from 37 to 43%, there were no differences (P ≥ 0.30) in DMI, ADG, or G:F. In Exp. 2 with growing cattle, as DM of silage increased from 37 to 43%, ADG and G:F were reduced (P ≤ 0.04). Increasing supplemental RUP in the diet increased (P ? 0.05) ending BW, ADG, and G:F linearly. In Exp. 1 and 4, as concentration of silage in the finishing diet increased from 15 to 45%, ADG and G:F decreased (P ≤ 0.04). In Exp 4, BMR-EXP had the greatest ADG and G:F at 15% silage. At 45% silage, both bm3 hybrids had greater (P ≤ 0.05) ADG than CON, but G:F was greatest for cattle fed BM3 (P

Download or read book New Approaches to Corn Silage Use in Beef Cattle Finishing Diets written by Dirk Benedict Burken and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cattle feeders are considering alternative feedstuffs to replace expensive corn grain and decrease rations costs. Feeding corn silage allows cattle feeders to take advantage of the entire corn plant at a time of maximum quality and tonnage as well as secure substantial quantities of roughage and grain inventory. Distiller's grains have proven to be economical and are now a commonplace ingredient in feedlot finishing diets. Experiments were conducted to determine the effects of feeding increased concentrations of corn silage in replacement of corn grain in finishing diets containing distillers grains. Feedlot gains and gain:feed ratios were reduced as corn silage increased in the diet. Total tract dry matter digestibility of diets containing 45% corn silage was decreased compared to diets containing 15% corn silage. Although total tract neutral detergent fiber (NDF) concentration was not different across corn silage inclusions, in-situ NDF disappearance of corn bran was greater for diets with increased corn silage inclusion. Whole corn plants were sampled and analyzed for two consecutive years for determination of the effects on whole corn plant yield and quality measurements due to hybrid season length, planting density, and whole plant harvest timing. As whole plants were harvested later in the season, yield increased with minimal changes in whole plant quality measures. The economic factors involved in pricing corn silage were assessed, and different economic scenarios were developed for feeding corn silage in finishing diets containing distillers grains. Feeding increased concentrations of corn silage in finishing diets containing distillers grains was determined economical when corn grain price was above $163.38 per metric tonne. As well, as corn grain price and the inclusion of corn silage in the diet increased, reducing corn silage shrink and harvesting corn silage at higher DM contents became more economically beneficial. These data demonstrate that corn silage can economically replace corn grain in finishing diets containing distillers grains.

Download or read book Effect of Anhydrous Ammonia Treated Corn Silage on the Performance of Growing and Finishing Steers written by Lyle Wayne Lomas and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Effect of Corn Silage Maturity Harvesting Techniques and Storage Factors on Fermentation Parameters and Cattle Performance written by Mitchell Ray Geasler and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Bibliography of Agriculture written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 1732 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Effect of Anhydrous Ammonia Treated Corn Silage and Protein Supplementation Strategy on the Performance of Growing and Finishing Sters written by L.W. Lomas and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Effects of Corn Silage Hybrids and Dietary Nonforage Fiber Sources on Productive Performance in Early Lactating Dairy Cows Fed High Forage Diets written by Michael Shane Holt and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 63 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This experiment was conducted to determine the effects of corn silage hybrids and nonforage fiber sources (NFFS) in high forage diets formulated with high dietary proportion of alfalfa hay (AH) and corn silage (CS) on ruminal fermentation and productive performance by early lactating dairy cows. Eight multiparous Holstein cows (4 ruminally fistulated) averaging 36 " 6.2 d in milk were used in a duplicated 4 x 4 Latin square design experiment with a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. Cows were fed 1 of 4 dietary treatments during each of the four 21-d periods. Treatments were: 1) conventional corn silage (CCS)-based diet without NFFS, 2) CCS-based diet with NFFS, 3) brown midrib corn silage (BMRCS)-based diet without NFFS, and 4) BMRCS-based diet with NFFS. Diets were isonitrogenous and isocaloric. Sources of NFFS consisted of ground soyhulls and pelleted beet pulp to replace a portion of AH and CS in the diets. In vitro 30-h NDF degradability was greater for BRMCS than CCS (42.3 vs. 31.2%). Neither CS hybrids nor NFFS affected intake of DM and nutrients. Digestibility of N, NDF, and ADF tended to be greater for cows consuming CCS-based diets. Milk yield was not influenced by CS hybrids and NFFS. However, a tendency for an interaction between CS hybrids and NFFS occurred with increasing milk yield due to feeding NFFS with the BMRCS-based diets. Yields of milk fat and 3.5% FCM decreased when feeding the BMRCS-based diet, and there was a tendency for an interaction between CS hybrids and NFFS by further decreased milk fat concentration because of feeding NFFS with BMRCS-based diet. Although feed efficiency (milk/DM intake) was not affected by corn silage hybrids and NFFS, there was an interaction between CS hybrids and NFFS because feed efficiency increased when NFFS was fed only with BMRCS-based diet. Total VFA production and individual molar proportion were not affected by diets. Dietary treatments did not influence ruminal pH profiles except that duration (h/d) of pH

Download or read book The Effect of Adding Anhydrous Ammonia to Corn Silage on the Performance of Growing and Finishing Beef Cattle written by Ronald James Cook and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Neutral Detergent Fiber Concentration and Digestibility in Corn Silage Influences Digesta Kinetics Dry Matter Intake and Performance of Growing Steers written by Kent Eric Tjardes and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Bibliography of Agriculture written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 1842 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Corn Silage with and Without Shelled Corn in Rations for Fattening Steers written by Henry Orson Allison and published by . This book was released on 1917 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Corn Silage Maturity and Beef Heifer Performance written by Charles Calvin Chamberlain and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Corn Silage Contributions to Energy Supply and Milk Fat Synthesis of Dairy Cows written by Celso Heinzen Junior and published by . This book was released on 2024 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Adequate energy supply to lactating dairy cows is essential to maximize genetic potential of milk production and efficiency. Corn silage often accounts for more than 50% of diets and therefore, corn starch is one of the main sources of energy fed to lactating dairy cows. However, the energy supply found in form of starch is dependent on its availability to the animal. Several strategies exist to improve starch digestibility in corn silages, including hybrid selection, kernel processing and prolonged storage. However, different ways to assess starch digestibility are used in the dairy industry and research, while ruminal disappearance is the most common procedure, it differs among laboratories, and much is unknown about how the analytical results of starch digestibility assays relates to in vivo digestibility and energy supply. Moreover, high inclusion of corn, in general, in dairy cattle diets are often related to milk fat depression, due to a highly fermentable carbohydrate source and unsaturated fatty acids profile that corn provides. Therefore, a series of experiments were conducted to evaluate a novel technology of corn silage hybrids effects on silage fermentation and starch digestibility, to better understand the sources of variation on starch digestibility assays to improve sample comparison, and to assess the risks of feeding starch and fatty acids from corn silage in milk fat depression.Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of a genetically-modified corn hybrid with alpha-amylase expressed in the kernel (AMY) on fermentation profile, aerobic stability, nutrient composition, and starch disappearance of whole-plant corn silage (WPCS) and earlage. Both hybrids, AMY and its isogenic counterpart (ISO), were grown in 10 replicated plots (5 for WPCS and 5 for earlage). Samples of each plot were collected at harvest, homogenized, and divided into 5 subsamples which were randomly assigned to 5 storage lengths (0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 d). Minor differences on fermentation profile were observed between AMY and ISO for WPCS and earlage. Starch concentration was greater for AMY than ISO in WPCS and earlage and greater starch disappearances at 0 h and 6 h were observed for ISO in WPCS and earlage. Minor effects on fermentation profile, microbial counts, aerobic stability, and nutrient composition suggests that AMY can be ensiled for prolonged periods with no concerns for undesirable fermentation or nutrient losses. However, in situ starch disappearance was lower for AMY compared to ISO. A series of experiments was conducted to investigate variation across time-points, sample grinding size procedures and bag pore sizes used in ruminal starch digestibility assays. Experiment 1: samples of different starch sources submitted three times to multiple laboratories to evaluate variability of starch digestibility assays and the use of different incubation time-points on feedstuff ranking. Greater variation was observed for shorter incubation time-points, while different submission of samples did not influence starch digestibility for corn forage and corn grain samples. Moreover, different incubation time-points can change the ranking of samples. Experiment 2: samples of different starch sources were used to investigate how different grinding sizes and incubation time-point procedures affect starch digestibility assays variation and ranking of samples. Longer incubation time-points and finely ground samples reduced variation of in vitro starch digestibility assays; however, smaller grinding size increased starch digestibility in all starch sources and affected sample ranking. Experiment 3: samples from different starch sources were incubated in situ at 0 h to investigate the loss of particles and their influence on ruminal kinetics. Our results suggest that secondary loss of particles on ruminal incubations at 0 h might be a problem that limits the relationship between bag disappearance and degradation in forage and corn grain samples. Experiment 4: dry ground corn and pure starch samples were washed in water at different temperatures and using different filter types (Dacron polyester in situ bags, Ankom Technology; DPB, F57 bags, Ankom Technology; F57 or filter papers Whatman G3; WG3) to understand their effects on DM recovery. Samples incubated in room temperature water had greater DM recovery when compared to samples incubated in water at 39℗ð C. Pure starch had greater DM recovery in F57 and WG3 when compared to DPB, however, dry ground corn samples DM recovery was similar across all filter types. Experiment 5: dry ground corn and pure starch samples were incubated in rumen fluid at 0 h, using different filter bags (F57 and DPB) to investigate the effect of sample type and filter bags on DM and starch recovery. F57 bags were able to retain 100% of the starch incubated in pure starch, however, no difference between bags were found for dry ground corn samples for DM or starch recovery. These experiments highlighted the importance of the consideration of specific procedures in starch digestibility assays when ranking samples or generating information for ration formulation. The objective of the last study was to investigate the effects of dietary fatty acids and starch on milk fat secretion, the fatty acid profile changes in whole-plant corn silage (WPCS) and high-moisture corn (HMC) with different silage management practices as well as the contributions of these nutrients derived from WPCS and HMC to milk fat secretion. Twenty-three published studies that evaluated lipids supplementation to dairy cows were included in the dataset and meta-regressions analysis were conducted to model the effects of: 1) dietary fatty acids, starch and forage concentrations (expressed as % of DM) on milk fatty acids concentration (expressed as g/100g); 2) dietary fatty acids, starch and forage concentrations (expressed as % of DM) on milk fatty acids yield (expressed as g/d); 3) intake of fatty acids (expressed as g/d), starch, and forage (expressed as kg/d) on milk fatty acids concentration (expressed as g/100g); and 4) intake of fatty acids (expressed as g/d), starch and forage (expressed as kg/d) on milk fatty acids yield (expressed as g/d). While predictions of milk fatty acids concentrations are useful, models that predict milk fatty acids yield had greater performance. In general, starch concentration and starch intake had a positive effect on de novo and total milk fatty acids yield, while unsaturated fatty acids had a negative effect. Samples of WPCS and HMC from previous studies from our laboratory were analyzed for fatty acids profile to evaluate the effects of cutting height and storage length on fatty acids profile of WPCS and the effects of DM concentration and storage length on fatty acids profile of HMC. Increasing cutting height increased unsaturated fatty acids in WPCS, however, storage length and DM concentration effects did not follow a clear pattern of changes in fatty acids profile of WPCS and HMC. Simulations using the generated models were conducted to visualize the contributions of different inclusions of WPCS and HMC in the diet as well as different WPCS and HMC management practices to milk fat secretion. Our results suggest that energy contributions from starch and saturated fatty acids are important in milk fat synthesis predictions, while supporting the general role of unsaturated fatty acids on milk fat depression described in the literature. Management practices like cutting height, dry matter concentration and storage length affect fatty acids profile of WPCS and HMC and it may affect rumen bacteria metabolism and milk fat secretion.

Download or read book Corn and Corn Improvement written by George Frederick Sprague and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 1028 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication includes chapters on cell tissue culture and in vivo manipulations and on molecular genetics of corn. The information relative to genetic control of important physiological processes is explored in a chapter on the use of physiological traits in corn improvement. Those chapters that are repeated from earlier editions have been extensively revised or completely rewritten. This edition provides an authoritative overview for individuals interested in corn breeding, production, or use.

Download or read book Effects of Increasing Levels of Corn Condensed Distillers Solubles on Performance of Growing and Finishing Steers written by Gretchen A. Sharp and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Effect of Adding a Liquid Suspension of Anhydrous Ammonia Minerals and Molasses to Corn Silage at Ensiling on Fermentation Parameters and Beef Cattle Performance written by David Beattie and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Evaluation of an Amylase enabled Corn Silage in Lactating Cows written by Sergio Cueva Welchez and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of an amylase-enabled corn silage on the lactation performance, enteric gas emission and rumen fermentation of lactating dairy cows. The amylase-enabled corn hybrid (Enogen; Syngenta Seeds LLC) was harvested, ensiled, and included in the diet at 40% of dry matter (DM) of the cows. The Enogen corn silage (ECS) was compared with silage from a control (CON) isogenic corn hybrid without the amylase trait. Both silages were included at the same inclusion rate of dietary DM and the diet fed, with exception of the silage source, was identical between the treatments. The purpose of the experiment was to investigate the effect of ECS on lactational performance, enteric gas emission, and rumen fermentation of lactating dairy cows. Both corn hybrids were grown for approximately 130 d, and silages were fermented for approximately 220 d before the beginning of the animal experiment in April 2019. At harvest, the CON hybrid yielded approximated 1.1 t of DM/ha more than the ECS hybrid. Crude protein concentration was 6% lesser in ECS when compared with the CON hybrid. Acid detergent fiber was also 3.9% lesser for ECS. Furthermore, the ECS was greater in starch content, when compared with the CON (9.3%, on average). As expected, the amylase activity in ECS was 13-fold greater when compared with the CON silage. Nevertheless, the differences mentioned in the nutritional content of the silages, did not result in major differences in fermentation end-products between the silages. Inclusion of ECS at 40% dietary DM did not affect DMI but increased MY (40.8 vs 38.8 kg/d), improved feed efficiency (1.55 vs. 1.47 kg/kg) and tended to improve energy-corrected milk yield (ECM) feed efficiency in lactating cows (1.50 vs. 1.45 kg/kg). Milk lactose was greater (4.92 vs 4.86 %) for cows fed the ECS diet, relative to CON, but milk protein and fat contents were similar. Methane emission intensity (per unit of milk yield) was decreased by the ECS diet compared with CON; however, treatment did not affect CH4 emission intensity expressed per kilogram of ECM. Rumen fermentation, apart from a decreased molar proportion of butyrate in rumen fluid of ECS-fed cows, was not affected by treatment. Amylase activity was numerically, but not statistically, greater in rumen fluid of ECS-fed cows, however, the difference could be related both to a greater amylase activity in ECS (as previously described) and greater starch intake with the ECS diet, when compared with CON. As suspected, intake of starch was greater in cows fed the ECS diet relative to CON, and apparent total-tract DM digestibility also tended to be greater in cows fed the ECS. There were no differences in intakes in any of the other nutrients or their apparent total-tract digestibility. Nitrogen intake and utilization, as well as urinary purine derivative excretion, were not affected by the silage treatment. Effects induced by ECS were likely a result of the greater starch content in ECS and greater overall availability of digestible nutrients. Moreover, given that ECS decreased CH4 emission intensity (per unit of MY, but not of ECM), data would suggest that the carbon footprint of milk production could be reduced by inclusion of ECS, Inclusion of an amylase-enabled hybrid in dairy rations showed promising effects by improving feed efficiency and ECM feed efficiency in dairy cows. However, the amylase-enabled corn silage used in the current experiment tended to have a greater overall availability of digestible nutrients and was greater in starch content, when compared with its isogenic counterpart. In this regard, effects observed on cow performance can be attributed, at least partially, to differences in silage nutritional composition. Research investigating the effects of feeding amylase-enabled corn silages to dairy cows is limited. This makes it challenging to concretely determine the mode and extent of action of the amylase enzyme in the current study. Thus, future research on amylase-enabled hybrids should be focused on determining modes and stages of action of the enzyme, potential nutritional and environmental benefits in dairy cows, and possible interactions with other additives or dietary ingredients. The amylase-enabled technology seems to be promising, however, questions remain that must be answered to fully understand the benefits of the inclusion of amylase-enabled corn in dairy cow diets.