Download or read book Effect of Chemical Treatment of Fly Ash on the Leaching of Metals written by M. Boybay and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An investigation was conducted to determine the ability of chemical treatment to reduce the leaching of metals from fly ash. A further objective was to determine the effect of cofiring refuse-derived fuels with coal on leachate composition. Samples of fly ash were treated with portland cement, chemically pure lime, and phosphoric acid and subjected to a column leaching process. The leachates were composited weekly and analyzed using X-ray fluorescence and atomic absorption spectrometry.

Download or read book Coal Fly Ash Beneficiation written by Segun Akinyemi and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2018-01-31 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present book deals with various, very significant topics of coal fly ash beneficiation, such as treatment of acid mine drainage with coal fly ash, toxic metal adsorption using coal fly ash, recovery of metals from coal fly ash and phytoreclamation of abandoned acid mine drainage site after treatment with coal fly ash, the status of research in coal fly ash utilization and applications and some other related topics in this growing and increasingly important research area. Overall, coal fly ash beneficiation has come to assume an important role in most areas of waste management research today. Continued growth and emphasis on scientific research is expected in all areas of waste management and conversion of waste to wealth technologies.

Download or read book Chemistry of Trace Elements in Fly Ash written by Kenneth S. Sajwan and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The accumulation of large amounts of ash from fossil fuel combustion for electric power plant generation is becoming a major environmental concern in the United States. Furthermore, stringent environmental regulations mandated by the Environmental Protection Agency through the Clean Air Act, Clean Water Act, Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, as well as state and local environmental regulations may result in even more ash production with subsequent contact with the environment. The concentrations of trace elements in coal residues are extremely variable and depend on the composition of the original coal, conditions during combustion, the efficiency of emission control devices, storage and handling ofbyproducts, and climate. The research papers in this book were presented as a part of the Sixth International Conference on the Biogeochemistry of Trace Elements held at the University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada, from July 29-August 2, 2001. The purpose of this corit'erence was to present current knowledge on the source, pathways, behavior and effects of trace elements in soils, waters, plants and animals. In addition, the book also includes invited research papers from scientists who have done significant research in the area of coal and coal combustion byproducts. All the research papers presented herein have been subjected to peer review.

Download or read book Clean Coal Technologies written by Rajesh Kumar Jyothi and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-05-10 with total page 665 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the state of art of the several advanced approaches to beneficiation of coal. The influence of recent technology attains the advantages of processing coal, purification studies, rheological behavior, and the mineral beneficiation. The experts collected in this volume have contributed significantly to the enrichment in the in depth knowledge not only in context of working knowledge, but also future prospects of clean coal technology.

Download or read book Municipal Solid Waste Incinerator Residues written by A.J. Chandler and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1997-04-09 with total page 1009 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text covers a broad spectrum of topics pertinent to the management of incinerator residues. Background information includes a history of incineration, and the influence of municipal waste composition, incinerator type air pollution control technologies on residue quality. Physical, chemical and leaching characteristics for the various ash streams are described, along with recommended sampling and evaluation methodologies. Residue handling and management options, including, treatment utilisation and disposal are also discussed in detail.

Download or read book Immobilization of Heavy Metals from the Strucutural Fill Using Fly Ash written by Manik Chandra Mitra and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: According to ACAA, only 43 percent of the 130.1 million tons of coal ash produced in the US in 2011 was beneficially used (ACAA 2011). Since the fly ash contains hazardous material including heavy metals, the unused fly ashes are dumped in landfill which costs a huge amount of money every year. Although fly ash could be used in many geotechnical applications, such as, structural fill, soil stabilization, fillable fill etc., but the use of fly ash is restricted by environmental regulations due to leaching of hazardous materials possesses a huge threat to the environment. If the hazardous materials, especially the heavy metals could be stabilized, a huge amount of fly ash could be used for beneficial use. This study is focused to immobilize the heavy metals from the fly ash structural fill using relatively low cost triple super phosphate (TSP) and the results are compared with widely used metal stabilization method using chelating agent (EDTA). One Class C and one Class F fly ash were mixed with different dosage of TSP (0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, and 8%) or EDTA (0.2%, 0.4%, 1%, and 2%), and then compacted after adding 15% water to achieve a compacted structural fill. The mixtures were allowed to cure for seven days and then subjected to standard Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP). Both TCLP extraction fluids with pH 4.93 and 2.88 were used for the TCLP tests. Additionally, a water leach test (extraction fluid pH = 7) was also conducted using the same solid-liquid ratio to understand the leaching characteristics at different pH of the extraction fluid. The leachates from the leaching tests were subjected to chemical analysis to determine the concentration of metals. For both stabilizers, the leaching of metals showed three distinctive patterns as the stabilizer dosage was increased. Firstly, leaching of some of the metals remained unchanged as the stabilizer content was increased. Secondly, leaching of some of the metals decreased as the stabilizer content was increased, and finally leaching of some of the metals decreased dramatically and went below the detection limit even after using the lowest dosage of the stabilizers. However, the effect of TSP on metal leaching was significantly different than that of EDTA for different metals. As the pH of the extraction fluid decreased, the leaching of metals increased for most of the metals. However, the effect of the stabilizers had the similar effect.

Download or read book Fly Ash written by Prabir Kumar Sarker and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 487 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fly ash is a by-product of the combustion of coal and other waste materials. In recent years, there has been intensive research on fly ash because of the increasing demand for the recycling of industrial by-products to improve sustainability in manufacturing and infrastructure. This book presents some of the latest developments in the generation, characterization, utilization and environmental impacts of fly ash. Recent developments on the methods of collection and analysis of fly ash, and novel applications such as in geopolymers and recovery of resources from fly ash are included. The book is intended for professionals in research and academics, and students interested in materials and sustainability. The book consists of 17 chapters contributed by 42 authors. Each chapter ends with an extensive list of references for further information. The topics on fly ash have been grouped into the following three parts: Part 1: various sources, methods of collection, factors influencing collection efficiency, flow and hydrodynamic behaviours, methods of characterization, physical, chemical, leaching and radiation properties, and extraction of metals from fly ash; Part 2: different technological initiatives on utilization, applications in the construction industry, use as a supplementary cementitious material, alkali-activated binder, polypropylene composite materials, and behaviour of fly ash geopolymer concrete; and Part 3: health and environmental issues such as the effects on lung and heart, bioleaching for detoxification, ash from incinerated wastes, and lifecycle assessment of civil structures using fly ash.

Download or read book Hazardous and Industrial Waste Management and Testing written by Larry P. Jackson and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 1984 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Effect of Flow Rate on Leaching of Metals from Fly Ash and Stabilized Fly Ash written by Daniel N. Creek and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Leachate Control of Coal Fly Ash Through Hydrophobicity and Contaminant Fixation written by Jenet Truelsen Hattaway and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The goal of this research study was to determine whether the leaching of metals from coal fly ash can be reduced or eliminated by increasing hydrophobicity (water repellency) or contaminant fixation in fly ash. A secondary goal was determining how the newer EPA leaching tests compare with the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) specified Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP). Coal fly ash (CFA) is a product of coal combustion that is captured by air pollution control devices. The consistency and physical properties of fly ash make it a valuable substitute for a number of construction components such as road base, structural fill and as a partial substitute for cement in concrete mixtures. However, concerns that metals present in fly ash may leach and migrate into water supplies impacted the expanded use of coal fly ash. Millions of tons of fly ash are produced each year during electric power production and only 42% is recycled, primarily into concrete. Leaching occurs when water in contact with a solid material causes the solid to release some of its constituents into the contacting water. If water can be prevented from contacting the fly ash, leaching should not occur. Organosilanes (OS) are a family of chemicals that facilitate covalent bonding and render surfaces water repellent. Two different OS products were tested in this study as a method of imparting hydrophobicity to the fly ash. A contaminant fixation product, to sequester the metals in chemical bonds, was the third treatment tested. Treated and untreated coal fly ash was tested according to four different leaching procedures, methods 1311, 1313, 1314 and 1316 of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's "Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste, Physical/Chemical Methods" also known as SW-846. Method 1311 (TCLP) is the established leaching test used for regulatory screening to determine toxicity. Method 1311 was compared with Methods 1313, 1314, and 1316. The leachates were analyzed for seventeen metals: Aluminum, Arsenic, Barium, Boron, Cadmium, Calcium, Chromium, Copper, Iron, Lead, Magnesium, Manganese, Molybdenum, Selenium, Silicon, Vanadium, and Zinc. While no treatment tested prevented leachability of all constituents in this battery of leaching tests, different treatments were effective in reducing leaching of different constituents. For example, one OS treatment reduced arsenic concentrations 24% to 72% within the pH range of 5.5 to 10.5. This suggests that a chemical treatment may be developed that can prevent or reduce leachability. Analysis indicates that treatment efficacy varies with pH, test method and the metal analyzed. The extent to which these leaching results accurately reflect likely field performance remains unclear. Methods 1313, 1314 and 1316 provide more information about the leaching behavior of a material and may provide more appropriate regulatory guidance than Method 1311 (TCLP) if used with applicable environmental conditions rather than a blanket "worse case" scenario. The comparison also highlighted that Method 1311 (TCLP) may under report leaching concentrations for such elements as arsenic, selenium, and molybdenum when the material has a high natural pH.

Download or read book Environmental Aspects of Trace Elements in Coal written by D.J. Swaine and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1995-12-31 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Happy he who could learn the causes of things (Virgil, Georgics 11) There is clearly a place for a book on the environmental aspects of trace elements in coal, especially with the increasing use of coal for power production. Our aim is to provide relevant background information and to update the situation regarding trace elements during beneficiation, combustion, .atmospheric deposition, leaching from wastes anti reclamation. The outcome is a balanced account of the overall situation. The initial chapter gives the rationale behind the planning of the book and puts the topics into the context of trace elements in the environment, while the final chapter summarises the subject matter and conclusions of each chapter. The choice of authors was based on their specialised knowledge. Although every effort has been made to ensure uniformity in layout, use of units, references and the like, authors have been given some latitude in expression and their styles have not been curbed. This book is intended primarily for coal scientists and technologists involved in environmental aspects of trace elements during the mining of coal, its beneficiation and usage, especially for power generation, and for regulatory bodies. It is considered to be suitable for relevant postgraduate courses. Just as it has been said that one of Bruckner's symphonies has enough melodies for a Beethoven to have written ten symphonies, so this book has several chapters that could be themes for other books.

Download or read book Ammonia Effect on Fly Ash Heavy Metal Leaching written by Hao Wang and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Leaching Kinetics of Valuable Metals written by Stefano Ubaldini and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2021-05-07 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Leaching is a primary extractive operation in hydrometallurgical processing, by which a metal of interest is transferred from naturally occurring minerals into an aqueous solution. In essence, it involves the selective dissolution of valuable minerals, where the ore, concentrate, or matte is brought into contact with an active chemical solution known as a leach solution. Currently, the hydrometallurgical processes have a great number of applications, not only in the mining sector—in particular, for the recovery of precious metals—but also in the environmental sector, for the recovery of toxic metals from wastes of various types, and their reuse as valuable metals, after purification. Therefore, there is an increasing need to develop novel solutions, to implement environmentally sustainable practices in the recovery of these valuable and precious metals, with particular reference to critical metals; those included in materials that are indispensable to modern life and for which an exponential increase in consumption is already a reality, or will be in a short-term perspective. For publication in this Special Issue, consideration has been given to articles that contribute to the optimization of the kinetic conditions of innovative hydrometallurgical processes—economic and of low environmental impact—applied to the recovery of valuable and critical metals.

Download or read book Trace Elements in Coal and Coal Combustion Residues written by Robert F. Keefer and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-10-25 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Trace Elements in Coal and Coal Combustion Residues focuses on trace metal chemistry of coal and coal combustion residues. Special emphasis is placed on management of coal combustion residues in electric power plants and the influence of coal and associated residues on soils, plants, water, and animals. Topics covered include a brief summary of research sponsored by Electric Power Research Institute, environmental pollution from coal combustion plants in low-rainfall regions, accumulation of trace elements in freshwater mussels near a power plant, testing to evaluate fossil fuel wastes by chemicals and isotopes, transport of metals from coal piles and ash impoundments, leachability and toxicity of metals in fly ash, and plant absorption of chemicals from ash. The book will be a useful reference for environmental and reclamation consultants, environmental engineers, toxicologists, environmental regulatory personnel, officials with electric power utilities and water treatment plants, and soil scientists.

Download or read book Environmental Aspects of Construction with Waste Materials written by Th.G. Aalbers and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1994-05-20 with total page 1005 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The concept of Sustainable Development, implicating the protection of soil and groundwater, the limitation of waste production and the re-use of soild waste materials is still the leading theme of WASCON '94. Although it is clearly recognized in most countries that products derived from solid waste materials can be applied as construction materials, research is still needed to assess various environmental problems.

Download or read book Chemical Stabilization of Coal Fly Ash for Simultaneous Suppressing of As B and Se Leaching written by Sri Hartuti and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The discard of coal fly ash produced from the combustion of pulverized coal in a coal-fired boiler of thermal power plants has led to environmental concerns. Due to the interaction of fly ash particles with weathering and hydrological processes, the rainfall leaches out toxic elements in coal fly ash from the ash heaps. This situation has been pointed out as a potential contamination of soil, surface, and groundwater. In this chapter, the available fly ash treatment techniques to minimize future release of toxic trace elements (arsenic, boron, and selenium) have been documented, and the recent investigations dealing with leaching suppression effect of arsenic, boron, and selenium from coal fly ash have been reviewed. The leaching characteristics of arsenic, boron, and selenium are discussed, and a simple and low-cost leaching control method is presented in the context of treating the fly ash through chemical stabilization technique using additives containing high levels of calcium. Experimental results described in this chapter show the chemical stabilization technique utilizing Ca-containing additives is an effective technique for simultaneous suppressing of As, B, and Se leaching from coal fly ash.

Download or read book The Effect of the Heavy Metal Immobilization Agents on the Strength of Fly Ash Treated Soils and the Long term Stability of the Agents written by Shahid Rehman and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In United States, a large amount of electricity is produced by the burning of coal in power plants produce an immense amount of ash (bottom and fly ash) each year. Fly ash contains hazardous or toxic materials such as heavy metals. If without appropriate treatments, before dumping fly ash in land-fills, heavy metals may leach from the fly ash and contaminate the ground water. This study describes the laboratory evaluation of the effects of the heavy metal immobilization agent on the strength of fly ash treated soil and the long term stability of the immobilization agent. Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and Triple Super Phosphate (TSP) were used as immobilization agents and mixed at different ratios, ranging from 0 % to 6 %, with fly ash to check the effect on geotechnical properties of fly ash and long-term resistance to heavy metals found in fly ash. Two types of fly ash, Class C and Class F were mixed with different dosage of TSP (0 % to 6 %) and EDTA (0 % to 1 %) at optimum moisture contents (OMC) to achieve a compacted structural fills. The geotechnical properties of the samples were tested by means of unconfined compressive strength (ASTM-D2166/D2166M-13) at curing periods of 7, 14 and 28 days and for the long-term stability of the agents were tested by the means of standard test method for leaching solid material in a column apparatus (ASTM-D4874-95). For fly ash Class C, adding either EDTA or TSP decreased the fly ash's compressive strength. At 28 days, the average peak compressive strength of the cured fly ash specimens was 1549 kPa. EDTA lowered the compressive strength to 958 from 1549 kPa, while TSP lowered the compressive strength to 950 from 1549 kPa. Fly ash only gives a max compressive strength because of its cementious nature. For fly ash Class F, EDTA did not noticeably affect on the compressive strength of the fly ash, but TSP increased the strength. When TSP was added to fly ash, it showed increase from 58 (fly ash only) to 161 kPa. To immobilize the heavy metal from fly ash, it is recommended to use TSP as chelating agent to achieve the maximum compressive strength. TSP showing the same compressive strength compared to EDTA at 28 days curing time and TSP is very cheap compared to EDTA. For long-term stability of the immobilization agent used with fly ash Class C, it was founded that TSP worked well for almost all of the heavy metals except As. EDTA also showed good immobilization to heavy metals except Hg and Pb. For fly ash Class F, TSP showed better results for the stabilization of Hg and Pb and worst towards As. Addition of EDTA enhanced the stabilization of Cd, Cr, Zn, and As. EDTA gave good response to some metals and TSP gave well to others. The combination of EDTA and TSP showed excellent results towards immobilization of the metals.