Download or read book Education Human Capital Investment and Innovation in the Contemporary Japanese Economy written by Tamotsu Nakamura and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-01-18 with total page 63 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book analyzes education in Japan from the viewpoint of “the stagnant current Japanese economy”. Tomoyuki Tamagawa, a long-time mathematics teacher in junior high school, is now a vice principal. He and Tamotsu Nakamura have written Chapter 1 of this book together because they believe that the loss of vitality in the Japanese economy is due to the problem of human capital formation in school education. Shinji Oi has worked for many years at a Japanese broadcasting station and has extensive experience in human resource development. In Chapter 2, he analyzes the relationship between optimal human capital investment and labor market mobility, based on his recognition of the importance of vocational training, or human capital investment at the firm and the necessity for good allocation of human resources. Tokuji Saita is well versed not only in the realities and practices in the financial industry but also in the financial system as a whole. In Chapter 3, based on his long experience in the financial industry, he analyzes and points out the importance of “openness” of innovation from a macroeconomic point of view.

Download or read book Human Capital Investment An international Comparison written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 1998-05-04 with total page 111 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report clarifies what is now known about human capital and how it can be measured.

Download or read book The Role of Human Capital in the Process of Economic Development written by Liu-Hsiung Chuang and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Human Capital Investment and Innovation written by Stephen J. Nickell and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Human Capital Investment written by Centre for Educational Research and Innovation and published by Org. for Economic Cooperation & Development. This book was released on 1998 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Investment in human capital is to the fore of debate and analysis in OECD countries about how to promote economic prosperity, fuller employment, and social cohesion. Individuals, organisations and nations increasingly recognise that high levels of know

Download or read book The Distribution of Human Capital and Economic Growth written by Ken Tōgō and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Human Resources in Japanese Industrial Development written by Hisashi Kawada and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2014-07-14 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: By focusing on the educational and skill training institutions Japan has developed to generate human resources for modern industry, this book represents a new contribution to the historical analysis of Japan's modern economic growth. The authors concentrate on those large-scale industries that seem to pose the greatest challenges for an agrarian society, such as Japan was in the 1870's, in order to show how an economically less developed country becomes an advanced industrialized nation. Originally published in 1980. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.

Download or read book Innovation in Developing Countries written by Nobuaki Matsunaga and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-02-06 with total page 129 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main focus of this book is innovation for developing countries: what is the innovation for, what are the current conditions of the innovation, and how to effectively innovate in developing economies. It contains the latest insights and analyses of innovation based on intensive interviews as well as primary and secondary data of manufacturing firms in developing countries, Vietnam and Laos in particular. Innovation requires something new. Integration of deep understanding of innovation and econometric analyses are a “new combination” in this book, which contrasts with other, similar books in the field. This new approach may benefit policy makers as well as scholars and firms in poor countries. The main points of the book are summarized as follows: First, for most poor countries “learning innovation” is considered the key to economic growth rather than “leading-edge innovation”, which is a more popular theme in similar books on innovation. Second, an overwhelming majority of innovations currently used in poor countries are developed in advanced countries, so technology transfer and learning from the latter are a fundamental source of innovation in the former. Third, a surprisingly high rate of firms (around 50%) reported that they introduced new or significantly improved products or processes in poor countries, and this high innovation rate is a great benefit to be enhanced by government policies. Fourth, the common factors driving innovation of manufacturing firms in Vietnam and Laos are (1) human capital, (2) social capital, and (3) innovation in the past. Fifth, the impact of innovation on firm performance is found to be mixed in these countries. Sixth, so far almost all studies on innovation have focused on product or process innovation, but additional light is shed here on organizational innovation.

Download or read book Human Capital and Economic Growth in Japan written by Takashi Miyahara and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 135 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent decades, Japan's growth rate gradually declined and now lags behind those of other advanced economies and other Asian nations. Japanese government's plan to revitalize the nation's economy stresses population decline and population aging as factors that undermine national growth and development, but also highlights the need to enhance the productivity of human capital through training, economic diversification and technology advancements. Given the closed nature of its island economy, declining birth rates and significant aging of the population, Japan's human capital-focused approach to economic revitalization requires strong understanding of the roles of human capital, as well as new insights on the opportunities to transform such roles to achieve improved economic development. In this dissertation, I argue that understanding the pattern of productivity growth, the role of immigrants, the quality of human capital and the differentials between Japanese prefectures in development patterns are key to improving the performance of the Japanese economy. I therefore develop three related studies which culminate in three essays. In the first essay, I develop the theoretical framework for growth decomposition and estimate the relationship between economic growth and labor productivity at various scales and identify its determinants. I find that national and regional labor productivities grew over time but their growth rates decreased. I further found that labor productivity measures are positively correlated with physical capital, education and immigrants, but negatively correlated with population aging. In the second essay, I develop the conceptual framework for deeper understanding of the role of population aging in regional economic growth. I invoke the multiple generations model in estimating the impacts of various living Japanese generations on economic growth. I find that as generation Z (Gnz), the base generation, ages, economic output increases at a decreasing rate peaking at age 36, which is younger than current Japanese median age. This reconfirms the notion that as the Japanese society ages, the average contribution of Japanese people to the economy decreases. However, this is conditional on the distributions of other generations and their ages. The older generations, generation X, the before baby boomer generation and the first baby boomer generation, have positive additional economic contribution. On the other hand, the Yutori generation's contribution is less than Gnz and the contribution of the second baby boomer generation and generation Y stops growing at their early 20s. These suggest that younger generations are not able to replace the older ones in terms of productivity. In the third essay, I develop the conceptual framework for understanding the relative impact of both immigrants and the native population on regional economic growth. I find that the average impacts of international immigrants and natives are both positive, but that the impacts of natives are larger than those of immigrants. I further find that the impacts of immigrants are increasing over time, while natives struggle to contribute to the economy. Given the closed nature of Japanese economy and historical strictness of immigration rules, it appears that immigrants have the potential to help turn around the economic growth rate slowdown. Attempts by the Japanese government to enhance labor productivity by improving the technology environment, especially through information and communication technology seem justifiable. The findings from my three-pronged essay research make important contributions to the literature on economic transformation and are useful in labor and immigration policy for the future of Japanese society.

Download or read book Higher Education Innovation and Entrepreneurship from Comparative Perspectives written by Ka Ho Mok and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-04-25 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book analyzes how universities in the Greater Bay Area in South China could work together for promoting innovation-centric entrepreneurship, research and knowledge transfer, as well as establishing a leading higher education hub in China mainland. This book brings together leading scholars from history, higher education, sociology, city and urbanism, and development studies, to analyzing the role of higher education, entrepreneurship, and talent hub from historical, comparative, and international perspectives. This book also shares different development experiences of Tokyo, Florida, and New York Bay economies and how higher education has supported their success stories.

Download or read book Human Capital and Multinationals written by John J. Lawler and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book New Perspectives on Economic Growth and Technological Innovation written by F. M. Scherer and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2011-10-01 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Brookings Institution Press and British-North American Committee publication Two hundred years ago, the first Industrial Revolution sparked a dramatic acceleration in the quantity of goods and services available to the average citizen--a trend of steadily increasing real income per capita that continues to this day. Since that time, economists have struggled to develop systematic explanations for what caused the sudden, rapid increase, why the economy keeps growing, and why the rate of growth varies in different time periods and nations. In this book, F. M. Scherer traces the evolution of economic growth theory from the Industrial Revolution to the present. Emphasizing technological change as the most crucial dynamic force for growth, Scherer analyzes early hypotheses that paid little attention to new technologies, follows the emergence of theories that increasingly emphasized technological change, and reviews the current state of economic growth theory. Pointing out a lack of solid microbehavioral foundations to support contemporary "new growth" ideas, Scherer then supplies some foundational "bricks" concerning financial investment and human capital, and concludes by exploring the prospects for sustaining rapid growth into the next century.

Download or read book OECD Economic Surveys Japan 2006 written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2006-08-21 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This 2006 edition of OECD's periodic survey of Japan's economy opens with an assessment of recent economic performance and the economic outlook. It then moves on to analyse key challenges faced by Japan including ending deflation an sustaining ...

Download or read book Handbook of Research on Enhancing Innovation in Higher Education Institutions written by Babi?, Verica and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2020-03-27 with total page 695 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Innovation in higher education is a process of institutional adaptation to changes in the environment that enables higher education institutions to improve their existing practice and to be innovative at different levels and in different forms. Moreover, innovativeness is also related to internal characteristics of higher education institutions. Innovation in higher education can be observed as a result of the changing contexts in which higher education institutions function. Adjacently, a comprehensive approach to considering innovativeness is needed in order to enable the examination of different elements of innovativeness in higher education, that is, to identify the key factors that (de)stimulate innovations and affect their interactions with other relevant stakeholders at the national level and beyond. The Handbook of Research on Enhancing Innovation in Higher Education Institutions is a critical scholarly book that examines innovativeness in higher education and its complications and diversity. Starting from the view that higher education is currently confronted by global forces that require new research ideas, the publication suggests that comprehensive understanding of innovativeness is imperative for higher education’s institutions in the 21st century. Analyzing the recognized trends within the publication and concluding which aspects should be taken to improve innovativeness in higher education, this reference book outlines quality and innovation in teaching, innovative university-business cooperation, institutional framework and governance of higher education institutions, knowledge management, and leadership and organizational culture. It is ideal for curriculum designers, administrators, researchers, policymakers, academicians, professionals, and students.

Download or read book Technological Innovation and Economic Development in Modern Japan written by Guan Quan and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-11-29 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book analyzes the relationship between technological innovation and economic development in Japan before World War II. Guan Quan deploys econometric analysis, multivariate statistical analysis and case studies from different industries to shed light on technological innovation in the Japanese context with particular emphasis on the importance of the patent system. A great deal of new inventions and patents in this period led to fast economic growth in Japan characterized by the simultaneous development of both traditional and modern industries. These insights help reshape the understanding of Japan's economic development and industrial advancement at an early stage and provide pointers to developing countries as to how human capital, social capabilities and thereby technological innovation can figure in economic growth. The book will appeal to academics of the East Asian economy, development economics and modern economic history as well as general readers interested in the miracle of the Japanese economy as the first to achieve economic development and modernization among non-Western countries.

Download or read book Innovation Human Capital and Trade Competitiveness written by Marzenna Anna Weresa and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-18 with total page 493 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work focuses on researching and establishing the importance of human capital and innovation as determinants of competitive advantages in international trade—in the context of rapidly evolving technological advancement, globalization, and economic integration. The processes that accompany the shift from industrial economics to a knowledge-based economy are currently the object of interest of both scientists, politicians, investors and entrepreneurs. In many countries, the traditional sources of socioeconomic development, such as low labor costs, availability of inexpensive raw materials, and favorable geographic location are waning. These economies are searching for new sources of competitive advantage that will allow for maintaining growth, among other things by boosting participation in international trade. The book explores non-traditional drivers of competitiveness in both theory and practice. First, chapters 1 through 4 present theoretical and methodological aspects of the relationships among international trade, human capital and innovation. Here the authors address the controversy associated with the concept of competitiveness itself and its measurement, while paying special attention to the political development of comparative advantages related to international trade. The second part of the monograph, chapters 5 through 8, is of empirical nature. This section contains case studies of selected countries that represent models of various national innovation systems. Finally, the theoretical and practical aspects are integrated, allowing policymakers and financial and business leaders to consider how their decisions can influence their countries’ competitive positions through their investments in innovation and human capital.

Download or read book A Social and Solidarity Economy written by Anton S. Filipenko and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2017-11-06 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume considers one of the alternative economic models that countries can consider implementing. It systematizes the experience of the social and solidarity economy in both developing and developed countries in America, Europe and Australia. However, the focus is given to the prerequisites and main forms of the social and solidarity economy development that exists in Ukraine. The collection will be of interest to academic scholars, as well as political and public decision-makers.