Download or read book Economics of At reactor Spent Fuel Storage Alternatives written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Estimates of costs that would be incurred by a utility providing enhanced storage capability for spent LWR fuel are presented. The cost data are arranged to assist in estimating and evaluating costs for specific storage situations. Estimated storage costs are provided in a series of tables providing cost factors or arrays for each alternative method of storage considered, and the additional costs involved in various options of pre-storage preparation of the fuel. Cost data are provided for (1) storage enhancement within an existing storage pool, by reracking and/or consolidation of fuel; (2) construction and use of an additional, separate water basin for storage; and (3) utilization of dry storage options. Costs are given for canning of integral assemblies and for consolidation and canning of fuel. In each case, the storage facilities are assumed to be located at an existing reactor site. If a separate site were to be utilized for storage, appropriate site development and maintenance costs would need to be added. The basic cost tables are tied togeter by a decision tree logic diagram designed to simulate the decision steps a utility planner might take in selecting from alternative storage technologies to best meet the requirements of his situation. Using the decision tree and its associated tables, example calculations were made to show the life cycle storage costs for a hypothetical case assuming a pressurized water reactor (PWR) site. The reactor was assumed to discharge 40 assemblies (18.4 MTU) of spent fuel each year; costs were estimated for storage periods of 1, 5, and 15 yrs, respectively. Discounted life cycle storage costs in thousands of dollars and unit costs in dollars per kilogram of initial uranium content are shown for this hypothetical site. Cost for spent fuel storage are dependent upon conditions at each reactor site and the most economical method is not expected to be the same at all sites.
Download or read book Economics of Spent LWR Fuel Storage written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A power reactor operator, confronted with rising spent fuel inventories that would soon exceed his storage capacity, has to decide what to do with this fuel if he wants to continue reactor operations. A low cost option would be to ship excess fuel from the overburdened reactor to another reactor in the utility's system that has available space. The only cost would be for cask leasing and shipping. Three other alternatives all require considerable capital expenditures: reracking, new at-reactor (AR) basins for storage, and away-from-reactor (AFR) basins for storage. Economic considerations for each of the alternatives are compared.
Download or read book Nuclear Spent Fuel Management written by OECD Nuclear Energy Agency. Working Group on Spent Fuel Management and published by Nuclear Energy Agency, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development ; [Washington, D.C. : OECD Publications and Information Centre. This book was released on 1986 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Economic Implications of Reactor Decommissioning for Spent Fuel Disposal written by Duane Chapman and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nuclear Nonproliferation written by Frederick C. Williams and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nuclear Nonproliferation: The Spent Fuel Problem examines the debate concerning the storage of spent fuel generated by nuclear reactors and its implications for nuclear nonproliferation efforts. Potential barriers to the establishment or expansion of national storage facilities for spent fuel are discussed, along with alternatives. This book covers a broad spectrum of possible multinational and international arrangements for spent fuel management, ranging from relatively benign international oversight of national facilities to arrangements for bilateral and regional cooperation, and even the creation of entirely new international institutional mechanisms. The technical, economic, political, and legal aspects of managing spent fuel are explored, paying particular attention to Eastern Europe, Western Europe, the Indian Ocean Basin, Asia, the Middle East, and Latin America. Public attitudes toward nuclear energy, especially with regard to the issue of radioactive waste disposal, are also considered. The final chapter looks at the political aspects of nuclear nonproliferation in general and of spent fuel management in particular. This monograph will be of interest to government officials and policymakers concerned with nuclear energy and nonproliferation.
Download or read book The Technological and Economic Future of Nuclear Power written by Reinhard Haas and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-04-26 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book discusses the eroding economics of nuclear power for electricity generation as well as technical, legal, and political acceptance issues. The use of nuclear power for electricity generation is still a heavily disputed issue. Aside from technical risks, safety issues, and the unsolved problem of nuclear waste disposal, the economic performance is currently a major barrier. In recent years, the costs have skyrocketed especially in the European countries and North America. At the same time, the costs of alternatives such as photovoltaics and wind power have significantly decreased.
Download or read book Research Reactor Spent Fuel Management Options and Support to Decision Making written by IAEA and published by International Atomic Energy Agency. This book was released on 2021-12-14 with total page 147 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication, resulting from an IAEA coordinated research project (CRP), provides information about available strategies for research reactor spent fuel management, and presents a decision methodology to assist those selecting among several options, to identify the preferred approach for their specific situation. The decision support tools were developed to consider not only the cost of the possible research reactor spent fuel management strategies, but also the non-economic factors that might influence their selection. Examples of the technologies that are currently used by some IAEA Member States are provided. Additionally, this publication provides information about the Excel based decision-support tools developed as part of this CRP, along with case studies and tutorials to assist users.
Download or read book Used Nuclear Fuel Storage Options Including Implications of Small Modular Reactors written by Samuel Otis Brinton and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work addresses two aspects of the nuclear fuel cycle system with significant policy implications. The first is the preferred option for used fuel storage based on economics: local, regional or national storage. The second is the implications of small modular reactor (SMR) introduction for the nuclear fuel cycle, including demand for uranium, enrichment services and the amount of used nuclear fuel. The study considers the nuclear energy system evolution over a period of 100 years. Through a review of available literature, post-reactor fuel storage and handling options have been evaluated using the best economic parameters that can be found. A system dynamics module, known as the Used Nuclear Fuel Module (UNFM), was created to account for the costs of on-site or off-site storage, and the needed transportation to the storage location. It provides an easy to use interface for studies of economics of used fuel storage. This module was used to evaluate the local, regional, and national storage options of used nuclear fuel. The results indicate that local storage on reactor sites is the least cost option, and that the cost of the storage casks is the most sensitive parameter for the local option cost. Additionally, a module was created for the study of the impact of small modular reactors, known as the SMRM or Small Modular Reactor Module, to study the fuel cycle impacts. This module was then incorporated into the library of reactor types in CAFCA to enable its inclusion in nuclear fuel cycle studies. The assumption was made that about 80% of the new capacity of nuclear power plants would be of the SMR type for a high deployment and 20% of the new capacity of SMR type for a low deployment with the nuclear power growth rate is 2.5% for the period from 2014 to 2114. It is shown that the single-batch nuclear fuel cycle approach of SMRs will require higher enrichment, more uranium ore and enrichment services will be needed. Also, given the lower burnup of the discharged fuel, larger amount of stored fuel will materialize. Given that the SMRs are likely to be built on new sites, there will also be significantly more sites containing the used nuclear fuel.
Download or read book Spent fuel storage Alternatives written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Spent Fuel Storage Alternatives meeting was a technical forum in which 37 experts from 12 states discussed storage alternatives that are available or are under development. The subject matter was divided into the following five areas: techniques for increasing fuel storage density; dry storage of spent fuel; fuel characterization and conditioning; fuel storage operating experience; and storage and transport economics. Nineteen of the 21 papers which were presented at this meeting are included in this Proceedings. These have been abstracted and indexed. (ATT).
Download or read book A Comparative Economic Study of Away from Reactor Spent Fuel Storage written by John Guy Cesare (Jr) and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Spent Nuclear Fuel written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A nuclear power reactor operator, confronted with rising spent fuel inventories that would soon exceed storage capacity, has several options to remedy this situation: transshipment, reracking of existing at-reactor storage basins (ARB), new ARB's, and away-from-reactor (AFR) basins. This report examines the latter two cases where a macro-economic comparison of each storage system is developed. The AFR storage system proved to be significantly more economical. This analysis indicates that 46 ARB's would be needed to meet storage requirements compared to only three AFR's. The total discounted costs associated with building new ARB's and AFR's are $4.7 billion and $1.2 billion respectively.
Download or read book U S Spent Fuel Policy Charge for spent fuel storage written by United States. Office of the Assistant Secretary for Nuclear Energy and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Away from reactor Storage of Spent Nuclear Fuel written by Patricia M. Dinneen and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Reprocessing of Spent Nuclear Fuels in OECD Countries January 1977 written by OECD Nuclear Energy Agency. Expert Group on Oxide Fuel Reprocessing and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Spent Light Water Power Reactor Fuel Handling and Storage written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nuclear Wastes written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1996-02-23 with total page 590 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Disposal of radioactive waste from nuclear weapons production and power generation has caused public outcry and political consternation. Nuclear Wastes presents a critical review of some waste management and disposal alternatives to the current national policy of direct disposal of light water reactor spent fuel. The book offers clearcut conclusions for what the nation should do today and what solutions should be explored for tomorrow. The committee examines the currently used "once-through" fuel cycle versus different alternatives of separations and transmutation technology systems, by which hazardous radionuclides are converted to nuclides that are either stable or radioactive with short half-lives. The volume provides detailed findings and conclusions about the status and feasibility of plutonium extraction and more advanced separations technologies, as well as three principal transmutation concepts for commercial reactor spent fuel. The book discusses nuclear proliferation; the U.S. nuclear regulatory structure; issues of health, safety and transportation; the proposed sale of electrical energy as a means of paying for the transmutation system; and other key issues.
