Download or read book Persistence Pays written by Julian M. Alston and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-11-27 with total page 515 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: gricultural science policy in the United States has profoundly affected the growth and development of agriculture worldwide, not just in the A United States. Over the past 150 years, and especially over the second th half of the 20 Century, public investments in agricultural R&D in the United States grew faster than the value of agricultural production. Public spending on agricultural science grew similarly in other more-developed countries, and c- lectively these efforts, along with private spending, spurred agricultural prod- tivity growth in rich and poor nations alike. The value of this investment is seldom fully appreciated. The resulting p- ductivity improvements have released labor and other resources for alternative uses—in 1900, 29. 2 million Americans (39 percent of the population) were - rectly engaged in farming compared with just 2. 9 million (1. 1 percent) today— while making food and fiber more abundant and cheaper. The benefits are not confined to Americans. U. S. agricultural science has contributed with others to growth in agricultural productivity in many other countries as well as the Un- ed States. The world’s population more than doubled from around 3 billion in 1961 to 6. 54 billion in 2006 (U. S. Census Bureau 2009). Over the same period, production of important grain crops (including maize, wheat and rice) almost trebled, such that global per capita grain production was 18 percent higher in 2006.

Download or read book Economic Value of Agricultural Research written by A. A. Araji and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Economic Value of Long Term Agricultural Research written by Harvey Samuel Beck and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Agricultural Research Policy written by Vernon W. Ruttan and published by U of Minnesota Press. This book was released on with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A personal perspectives. Technical change and agricultural development. The agricultural research institution. National agricultural research systems. The international agricultural research system. Reviewing agricultural research programs. Location and scale in agricultural research. The private sector in agricultural research. Institutional and project funding of research. The economic benefits from agricultural research. Research resource allocation. The social sciences in agricultural research. Responsability and agricultural research.

Download or read book Funding Agricultural Research written by James G. Dillard and published by IICA. This book was released on 1992 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Science Under Scarcity written by Julian M. Alston and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1998 with total page 628 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Resources for agricultural science are scarce across the world. Yet even as resources are shrinking, agricultural science has expanded its inquiry into many new areas - such as environmental preservation, food quality, and rural development - without forsaking its more traditional concerns. In a time of tight government budgets, research administrators are faced with the need to provide strong evidence that costs are justified by benefits. Science under Scarcity is an invaluable guide to the theory and methods necessary for evaluating research in agriculture and for setting priorities for resource allocation. Although economists have made significant progress in developing more sophisticated methods for research evaluation and priority setting, many research analysts and administrators do not have a working knowledge of those practices. Without the assistance of formal economic analysis it is particularly difficult to assess the social value of new technologies or to make informed judgements about the trade-offs that are involved in allocation decisions. Addressing that knowledge gap, this book reviews, synthesizes, and extends such methods as economic surplus analysis, econometric techniques, mathematical programming procedures, and scoring models. It discusses these practices in the context of scientific policy, describes their conceptual foundations, and explains how to do them. Originally published in 1995 in hardcover by Cornell University Press, it is now reissued in paperback by CAB INTERNATIONAL.

Download or read book Agricultural R and D in the Developing World written by Philip G. Pardey and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2006 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The world's agricultural economy was transformed remarkably during the 20th century. The agricultural productivity growth that fueled this change was generated primarily by agricultural R&D financed and conducted by a small group of rich countries-especially the United States, but also Japan, Germany, and France. In an increasingly interdependent world, both rich and poor countries have depended on agricultural research conducted in the private and public laboratories of these few countries, even if they have not contributed to financing the activity. But now the rich-country research agendas are shifting. In particular, they are no longer as interested in simple productivity enhancement. Dietary patterns and other priorities change as incomes increase. Food-security concerns are still pervasive among poor people, predominantly in poor countries. In rich countries we see a declining emphasis on enhancing the production of staple foods and an increasing emphasis on enhancing certain attributes of food (such as growing demand for processed and so-called functional foods) and on food production systems (such as organic farming, humane livestock production systems, localized food sources, and "fair trade" coffee). In addition to growing differences between rich and poor countries in consumer demand for innovation, research agendas may diverge because of differences in producer and processor demands. Farmers in rich countries are demanding high-technology inputs that often are not as relevant for subsistence agriculture (such as precision farming technology or other capital-intensive methods). As well as differences in value-adding processes to serve consumer demands, differences in farm production technologies are emerging to serve the evolving agribusiness demands for farm products with specific attributes for particular food, feed, energy, medical, or industrial applications.The purpose of this volume is to document the changing institutions and investments in agricultural R&D in less-developed countries, in part to form a companion volume to Paying for Agricultural Productivity by providing a more complete global picture of the issues."

Download or read book Agricultural Economic Report written by and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Resource Allocation in Agricultural Research written by Walter L. Fishel and published by U of Minnesota Press. This book was released on 1971 with total page 405 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Problems and issues; Research and welfare; Investments in research; Decision making in practice; Decision-making experiments.

Download or read book Measuring the Economic Value of Research written by Kaye Husbands Fealing and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An innovative, big data approach to tracking the impact and benefits of publicly funded research, focusing on food safety.

Download or read book Challenges for Agricultural Research written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2011-01-04 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication presents twenty papers delivered at an OECD conference on agricultural research. They highlight recent major progress in agricultural research outcomes and address the challenges that lie ahead.

Download or read book Investment in Agricultural Research written by Grant M. Scobie and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Agricultural Economics Research written by and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Impact of Science on African Agriculture and Food Security written by P. Anandajayasekeram and published by CABI. This book was released on 2007 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The need for agricultural research resources in the developing world cannot be underestimated, but the availability of such resources is often poor due to lack of funding and investment. In order for Africa and other such developing countries to achieve productivity in agriculture - vital to food security, poverty reduction and sustainable management of natural resources - investment and policy development needs to be assessed. This book, a joint effort from IFPRI, ILRI and the Kellogg Foundation, explores the importance of impact assessment studies in Africa, and assembles important evidence to pave the way for further, much needed investment in agricultural research all over the developing world.

Download or read book Agricultural research livelihoods and poverty written by Adato, Michelle and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2007-06-11 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Those who study global poverty and ways to reduce it face a perennial set of questions: Do advances in knowledge, research, and technology make a real difference in the lives of poor people? What effect does research have on the poor? Who benefits? The contributors to Agricultural Research, Livelihoods, and Poverty shed light on these questions through a collection of case studies that explore the types of impact that agricultural research has had on livelihoods and poverty in low-income countries.

Download or read book Agricultural Productivity Growth in the United States written by Sun Ling Wang and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Economic Analysis and Agricultural Policy written by Richard Hollis Day and published by Wiley-Blackwell. This book was released on 1982 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On values, analysis, and policy; The quantitative approach; on research, technology, and resources; Markets and economic development.