Download or read book Economic Valuation of Mortality Risk Reduction written by Lauraine G. Chestnut and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Economic Valuation of Mortality Risk Reduction written by Lauraine G. Chestnut and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Estimating Mortality Risk Reduction and Economic Benefits from Controlling Ozone Air Pollution written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2008-07-21 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In light of recent evidence on the relationship of ozone to mortality and questions about its implications for benefit analysis, the Environmental Protection Agency asked the National Research Council to establish a committee of experts to evaluate independently the contributions of recent epidemiologic studies to understanding the size of the ozone-mortality effect in the context of benefit analysis. The committee was also asked to assess methods for estimating how much a reduction in short-term exposure to ozone would reduce premature deaths, to assess methods for estimating associated increases in life expectancy, and to assess methods for estimating the monetary value of the reduced risk of premature death and increased life expectancy in the context of health-benefits analysis. Estimating Mortality Risk Reduction and Economic Benefits from Controlling Ozone Air Pollution details the committee's findings and posits several recommendations to address these issues.
Download or read book Mortality Risk Valuation in Environment Health and Transport Policies written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2012-02-02 with total page 143 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book presents a major meta-analysis of 'value of a statistical life' (VSL) estimates derived from surveys where people around the world have been asked about their willingness to pay for small reduction in mortality risks.
Download or read book Economic valuation of mortality risk reduction written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Economic Valuation of Mortality Risk Reduction written by Lauraine G. Chestnut and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Two internet-based surveys were conducted with adults aged 35 to 84 - 885 respondents in the United States and 641 respondents in Canada - to estimate willingness to pay (WTP) for reducing mortality risks through out-of-pocket costs for health-care programs. All respondents were asked a series of choice questions followed by a payment-card question. Causes of death included cancer and heart attack. Levels of annual mortality-risk reduction were 1, 2, and 5 in 10,000. Converted to values of statistical life, results were in the range of $4-5 million (2002 U.S. dollars) for the choice-question results for a 2-in-10,000 annual risk reduction for illness-related mortality. U.S. and Canadian results were similar. The payment-card results were about 50% lower than the choice-question results. WTP to reduce mortality risk was essentially the same for cancer and heart attack. The results showed WTP weakly increasing with age, and no evidence of lower WTP for older adults versus middle-aged adults.
Download or read book Economic Valuation of Environmental Health Risks to Children written by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development and published by OECD. This book was released on 2006-02-03 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The relationship between environment and children’s health has been the subject of increasing interest these last ten years. For instance, many OECD Member countries are reporting asthma epidemics exacerbated by air pollution: in the United States nearly 1 in 13 school-age children (approximately 4.8 million) has asthma, and the rate is increasing more rapidly in school-age children than in any other group. The importance of this issue has resulted in a growing number of epidemiological studies aiming at better understanding and better characterising the relationship between environmental pollution and the health of children. However, in many respects, the valuation of children’s health strongly differs from the valuation of adults’ health and constitutes a real challenge for analysts as well as for decision-makers. Consequently, this book proposes an in depth analysis of the main methodological difficulties associated with estimating the social value of a reduction in risk to children. Questions such as how to elicit children’s preferences, what valuation methodology and benefit measure to choose, how to discount benefits to children’s health, and how to account for economic uncertainties in this specific context of economic valuation will be systematically examined in order to define key policy implications and to pave the way for further research.
Download or read book Valuation of Environment Related Health Risks for Children written by Alberini Anna and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2010-12-01 with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report, the final output of the Valuation of Environment-Related Health Impacts (VERHI) project, presents new findings on whether the value of reducing environmental risk greater for children than for adults.
Download or read book Valuing Mortality Risk Reductions Progress and Challenges written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Pricing Lives written by W. Kip Viscusi and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2020-10-06 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How society’s undervaluing of life puts all of us at risk—and the groundbreaking economic measure that can fix it Like it or not, sometimes we need to put a monetary value on people's lives. In the past, government agencies used the financial "cost of death" to monetize the mortality risks of regulatory policies, but this method vastly undervalued life. Pricing Lives tells the story of how the government came to adopt an altogether different approach--the value of a statistical life, or VSL—and persuasively shows how its more widespread use could create a safer and more equitable society for everyone. In the 1980s, W. Kip Viscusi used the method to demonstrate that the benefits of requiring businesses to label hazardous chemicals immensely outweighed the costs. VSL is the risk-reward trade-off that people make about their health when considering risky job choices. With it, Viscusi calculated how much more money workers would demand to take on hazardous jobs, boosting calculated benefits by an order of magnitude. His current estimate of the value of a statistical life is $10 million. In this book, Viscusi provides a comprehensive look at all aspects of economic and policy efforts to price lives, including controversial topics such as whether older people's lives are worth less and richer people's lives are worth more. He explains why corporations need to abandon the misguided cost-of-death approach, how the courts can profit from increased application of VSL in assessing liability and setting damages, and how other countries consistently undervalue risks to life. Pricing Lives proposes sensible economic guideposts to foster more protective policies and greater levels of safety in the United States and throughout the world.
Download or read book Economic Value of Mortality Risk Reduction Review and Recommendations for Policy and Regulatory Analysis Research Paper March 2009 written by Policy Research Initiative (Canada) and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Economic Valuation of Environmental Health Risks to Children written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2006-01-12 with total page 315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This OECD book proposes an in depth analysis of the main methodological difficulties associated with estimating the social value of a reduction in environmental health risks to children.
Download or read book Disease Control Priorities Third Edition Volume 2 written by Robert Black and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2016-04-11 with total page 419 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The evaluation of reproductive, maternal, newborn, and child health (RMNCH) by the Disease Control Priorities, Third Edition (DCP3) focuses on maternal conditions, childhood illness, and malnutrition. Specifically, the chapters address acute illness and undernutrition in children, principally under age 5. It also covers maternal mortality, morbidity, stillbirth, and influences to pregnancy and pre-pregnancy. Volume 3 focuses on developments since the publication of DCP2 and will also include the transition to older childhood, in particular, the overlap and commonality with the child development volume. The DCP3 evaluation of these conditions produced three key findings: 1. There is significant difficulty in measuring the burden of key conditions such as unintended pregnancy, unsafe abortion, nonsexually transmitted infections, infertility, and violence against women. 2. Investments in the continuum of care can have significant returns for improved and equitable access, health, poverty, and health systems. 3. There is a large difference in how RMNCH conditions affect different income groups; investments in RMNCH can lessen the disparity in terms of both health and financial risk.
Download or read book The Willingness to Pay for Mortality Risk Reductions written by Anna Alberini and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Valuing Ground Water written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1997-07-10 with total page 203 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Because water in the United State has not been traded in markets, there is no meaningful estimate of what it would cost if it were traded. But failing to establish ground water's valueâ€"for in situ uses such as sustaining wetlands as well as for extractive uses such as agricultureâ€"will lead to continued overuse and degradation of the nation's aquifers. In Valuing Ground Water an interdisciplinary committee integrates the latest economic, legal, and physical knowledge about ground water and methods for valuing this resource, making it comprehensible to decision-makers involved in Superfund cleanup efforts, local wellhead protection programs, water allocation, and other water-related management issues. Using the concept of total economic value, this volume provides a framework for calculating the economic value of ground water and evaluating tradeoffs between competing uses of it. Included are seven case studies where ground-water valuation has been or could be used in decisionmaking. The committee examines trends in ground-water management, factors that contribute to its value, and issues surrounding ground-water allocation and legal rights to its use. The book discusses economic valuation of natural resources and reviews several valuation methods. Presenting conclusions, recommendations, and research priorities, Valuing Ground Water will be of interest to those concerned about ground-water issues: policymakers, regulators, economists, attorneys, researchers, resource managers, and environmental advocates.
Download or read book Economic Valuation of Wetlands written by Edward Barbier and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Learning from SARS written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2004-04-26 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in late 2002 and 2003 challenged the global public health community to confront a novel epidemic that spread rapidly from its origins in southern China until it had reached more than 25 other countries within a matter of months. In addition to the number of patients infected with the SARS virus, the disease had profound economic and political repercussions in many of the affected regions. Recent reports of isolated new SARS cases and a fear that the disease could reemerge and spread have put public health officials on high alert for any indications of possible new outbreaks. This report examines the response to SARS by public health systems in individual countries, the biology of the SARS coronavirus and related coronaviruses in animals, the economic and political fallout of the SARS epidemic, quarantine law and other public health measures that apply to combating infectious diseases, and the role of international organizations and scientific cooperation in halting the spread of SARS. The report provides an illuminating survey of findings from the epidemic, along with an assessment of what might be needed in order to contain any future outbreaks of SARS or other emerging infections.
