Download or read book Ecological Interactions Among Predators in Headwater Stream Communities written by William John Resetarits and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Coexistence of Top Predators in Headwater Streams written by David E. Rundio and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The coexistence of multiple predators may have important consequences for the structure and function of communities. Interactions between predators may strongly affect their combined direct and indirect effects on prey populations and lower trophic levels. Predators often have size-structured populations, which may result in intraguild predation characterized by complex trophic and behavioral interactions. Coexistence of multiple predators may strongly depend on antipredator defenses of small size classes that reduce their vulnerability to predation. In Pacific Northwest forested ecosystems, Pacific giant salamanders (Dicamptodon tenebrosus) and coastal cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarki clarki) are the top predators in many perennial headwater streams. Dicamptodon and cutthroat have size-structured populations with roughly corresponding size classes, and interactions between these species appear consistent with intraguild predation. My research objective was to determine the mechanisms contributing to the coexistence of Dicamptodon larvae with cutthroat trout in headwater streams, and the effects of this coexistence on factors related to Dicamptodon fitness. First, I tested for two general types of antipredator defenses of young-of-year Dicamptodon larvae against trout. Larvae were palatable to trout during initial and repeated offerings, which suggests that they may survive few encounters with trout. However, larvae increased refuge use in response to non-visual, chemical cues from trout, which likely reduces the probability of encounters with trout and contributes to their coexistence. Second, I measured the effects of cutthroat trout on Dicamptodon fitness parameters in a field experiment. Dicamptodon survival, growth, and behavior (activity level) did not differ between trout-present and trout-absent pools, although these results were compromised by unexplained gains or losses of larvae from most pools. Antipredator behaviors may promote coexistence of Dicamptodon and cutthroat trout, and may contribute to a complex series of behavioral and trophic interactions affecting lower trophic levels within headwater stream communities.
Download or read book Methods in Stream Ecology written by F. Richard Hauer and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2017-01-16 with total page 508 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Methods in Stream Ecology provides a complete series of field and laboratory protocols in stream ecology that are ideal for teaching or conducting research. This two part new edition is updated to reflect recent advances in the technology associated with ecological assessment of streams, including remote sensing. Volume focusses on ecosystem structure with in-depth sections on Physical Processes, Material Storage and Transport and Stream Biota. With a student-friendly price, this Third Edition is key for all students and researchers in stream and freshwater ecology, freshwater biology, marine ecology, and river ecology. This text is also supportive as a supplementary text for courses in watershed ecology/science, hydrology, fluvial geomorphology, and landscape ecology. Methods in Stream Ecology, 3rd Edition, Volume 2: Ecosystem Structure, is also available now! Provides a variety of exercises in each chapter Includes detailed instructions, illustrations, formulae, and data sheets for in-field research for students Presents taxonomic keys to common stream invertebrates and algae Includes website with tables and a link from Chapter 22: FISH COMMUNITY COMPOSITION to an interactive program for assessing and modeling fish numbers Written by leading experts in stream ecology
Download or read book Ecology of Predator Prey Interactions written by Pedro Barbosa and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2005-08-11 with total page 413 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses the fundamental issues of predator-prey interactions, with an emphasis on predation among arthropods, which have been better studied, and for which the database is more extensive than for the large and rare vertebrate predators. The book should appeal to ecologists interested in the broad issue of predation effects on communities.
Download or read book Predation written by W. Charles Kerfoot and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Twenty-four essays from a symposium sponsored by the Ecological Society of America, Fort Collins, CO, 1984. The focus is on a single theme: that the mere presence of a predator can influence interactions between two or more competing species in many important ways, all of which have previously been included under the nebulous term effects. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Download or read book Sport Fishery Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Stream Ecology written by J. David Allan and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Running waters are enormously diverse, ranging from torrential mountain brooks, to large lowland rivers, to great river systems whose basins occupy subcontinents. While this diversity makes river ecosystems seem overwhelmingly complex, a central theme of this volume is that the processes acting in running waters are general, although the settings are often unique. The past two decades have seen major advances in our knowledge of the ecology of streams and rivers. New paradigms have emerged, such as the river continuum and nutrient spiraling. Community ecologists have made impressive advances in documenting the occurrence of species interactions. The importance of physical processes in rivers has attracted increased attention, particularly the areas of hydrology and geomorphology, and the inter-relationships between physical and biological factors have become better understood. And as is true for every area of ecology during the closing years of the twentieth century it has become apparent that the study of streams and rivers cannot be carried out by excluding the role of human activities, nor can we ignore the urgency of the need for conservation. These developments are brought together in Stream Ecology: Structure and function of running waters, designed to serve as a text for advanced undergraduate and graduate students, and as a reference book for specialists in stream ecology and related fields.
Download or read book Fisheries Review written by and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 674 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Stream Fish Community Dynamics written by William J. Matthews and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 2017-05 with total page 359 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The most comprehensive synthesis of stream fish community research ever produced. Winner of the CHOICE Outstanding Academic Title of the Choice ACRL Ecologists have long struggled to understand community dynamics. In this groundbreaking book, leading fish ecologists William Matthews and Edie Marsh-Matthews apply long-term studies of stream fish communities to several enduring questions. This critical synthesis reaches to the heart of ecological theory, testing concepts against the four decades of data the authors have collected from numerous warm-water stream fish communities in the central and eastern United States. Stream Fish Community Dynamics draws together the work of a single research team to provide fresh analyses of the short- and long-term dynamics of numerous streams, each with multiple sampling sites. Conducting repeated surveys of fish communities at temporal scales from months to decades, the authors' research findings will fascinate anyone searching for a deeper understanding of community ecology. The study sites covered by this book range from small headwater creeks to large prairie rivers in Oklahoma and from Ozark and Ouachita mountain streams in Arkansas to the upland Roanoke River in Virginia. The book includes • A comparison of all global and local communities with respect to community composition at the species and family level, emergent community properties, and the relationship between those emergent properties and the environments of the study sites • Analyses of traits of individual species that are important to their distribution or success in harsh environments • A review of evidence for the importance of interactions—including competition and predation—in community dynamics of stream fishes • An assessment of disturbance effects in fish community dynamics • New analysis of the short- and long-term dynamics of variation in stream fish communities, illustrating the applicability and importance of the "loose equilibrium concept" • New analyses and comparisons of spatiotemporal variation in community dynamics and beta diversity partitioning • An overview of the effects of fish in ecosystems in the central and eastern United States The book ends with a summary chapter that places the authors' findings in broader contexts and describes how the "loose equilibrium concept"—which may be the most appropriate default assumption for dynamics of stream fishes in the changing climate of the future—applies to many kinds of stream fish communities.
Download or read book Habitat Structure and Fish Communities of Warmwater Streams written by James R. Karr and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Trophic Cascades written by John Terborgh and published by Island Press. This book was released on 2013-06-25 with total page 487 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Trophic cascades—the top-down regulation of ecosystems by predators—are an essential aspect of ecosystem function and well-being. Trophic cascades are often drastically disrupted by human interventions—for example, when wolves and cougars are removed, allowing deer and beaver to become destructive—yet have only recently begun to be considered in the development of conservation and management strategies. Trophic Cascades is the first comprehensive presentation of the science on this subject. It brings together some of the world’s leading scientists and researchers to explain the importance of large animals in regulating ecosystems, and to relate that scientific knowledge to practical conservation. Chapters examine trophic cascades across the world’s major biomes, including intertidal habitats, coastal oceans, lakes, nearshore ecosystems, open oceans, tropical forests, boreal and temperate ecosystems, low arctic scrubland, savannas, and islands. Additional chapters consider aboveground/belowground linkages, predation and ecosystem processes, consumer control by megafauna and fire, and alternative states in ecosystems. An introductory chapter offers a concise overview of trophic cascades, while concluding chapters consider theoretical perspectives and comparative issues. Trophic Cascades provides a scientific basis and justification for the idea that large predators and top-down forcing must be considered in conservation strategies, alongside factors such as habitat preservation and invasive species. It is a groundbreaking work for scientists and managers involved with biodiversity conservation and protection.
Download or read book Predator Prey Ecology written by DENNIS L.. BOUTIN MURRAY (DR STAN.) and published by Wiley-Blackwell. This book was released on 2014-09-26 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Ecology of Plethodontid Salamanders in Acidic Headwater Streams in Virginia written by Linda Elaine Green and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Ecology of Predation at the Microscale written by Edouard Jurkevitch and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-06-29 with total page 203 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book will provide an update on our understanding of predator-prey through the prism of ecology, physiology, molecular biology, and mathematical modelling. The integration of these different perspectives while focusing on the microbial realm will highlight the importance of scale in ecological interactions, and their importance in applications. This book should thereby contribute to theoretical as well as to applied ecologists and microbiologists. Furthermore, the detailed but amenable chapters could serve as the basis of teaching advanced courses in (microbial) ecology and environmental microbiology.This work is a collection of articles that discuss microbial predation from a variety of perspectives. It provides the readers a concise resource describing factors that are critical for several different predatory microbes, including Myxobacterium spp. and Bdellovibrio-and-like organisms (BALOs), including the mechanisms involved, ecological conditions that adversely impact it and potential applications in aquaculture and bioproduction. The first half of this collection focuses more on ecological aspects of predation, with in-depth discussions on “wolf pack” predators, the presence and activities of predators in waste-water treatment plants and the role of intraguild predatory relationships, i.e., when two different predators are competing for a single prey but also interact with one another. The reader will gain a deeper understanding of the predatory mechanisms involved and their ecological roles. In the latter half, emphasis is given more to the application and limitations of predators. In addition to discussing secondary metabolite production within different microbial predators, the readers will also learn how predators are being used to purify secondary metabolites from prey. This section also discusses the expanding and promising role of predation in aquaculture, focusing on the application of predators to reduce pathogenic populations, but includes some important caveats for young researchers to consider and follow when working with Bdellovibrio. This work is written for both experienced researchers already in the field and for young scientists who are captivated by the thought of predation at the microscale and its growing importance within a wide-array of fields.
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 854 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Biology and Ecology of Streams and Rivers written by Alan Hildrew and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2023-06-19 with total page 481 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The challenges that the world's running water systems now face have never been more numerous or acute; at the same time, these complex habitats remain absolutely crucial to human wellbeing and future survival. If rivers can ever be anything like sustainable, ecology needs to take its place as an equal among the physical sciences such as hydrology and geomorphology. A real understanding of the natural history and ecology of running waters must now be brought even more prominently into river management. The primary purpose of this textbook is to provide the up-to-date overview that students and practitioners will require to achieve this aim. The book's unifying focus is on rivers and streams as ecosystems in which the particular identity of organisms is not the main emphasis but rather the processes in which they are involved - specifically energy flow and the cycling of materials. It builds on the physicochemical foundations of the habitat templet and explores the diversity and adaptations of the biota, progressing from the population and community ecology of organisms and linking them to ecosystem processes and services in the wider biosphere via the complexities of species interactions and food webs. These include water quality and patterns of river discharge, as well as aesthetics, waste disposal, and environmental health. While the book is not primarily focused on application per se, each chapter addresses how humans affect rivers and, in turn, are affected by them. A final, future-oriented chapter identifies key strategic areas and sets a roadmap for integrating knowledge of natural history and ecology into policy and management. The Biology and Ecology of Streams and Rivers is an accessible text suitable for both senior undergraduate and graduate students taking courses in both lotic and general ecology as well as more established researchers, practitioners, managers, and conservationists requiring a concise and contemporary overview of running waters.
