Download or read book Earthquake Recurrence and Modes of Deformation in the Central and Northern Walker Lane written by Alexandra C. Sarmiento and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Observations acquired through the mapping of Quaternary deposits, the measurement of fault scarps and the excavation of two trenches along the Sierra Nevada Mountain Range provide information bearing on the rate and style of deformation in the central and northern Walker Lane. Active uplift along the eastern flank of the Sierra Nevada Mountain Range is manifest through triangular facets, oversteepened range fronts and scarps in young alluvium at fan heads. Structural, stratigraphic and pedogenic relations exposed in a trench in Antelope Valley (~39.59 degree N latitude) record a three-event earthquake history, including two Holocene surface ruptures and third event of an older but unknown age. Radiocarbon dating of bulk samples shows the most recent and penultimate events occurred ~1350 cal ybp and ~6250 cal ybp, respectively. These dates imply a late Holocene average recurrence interval of ~5000 years. Division of the 3.6 m most recent offset by the average recurrence interval yields a late Holocene slip rate of ~0.7 mm/yr. A second trench was excavated across the Carson Range front fault at the latitude of Reno, Nevada (~39.4°N), along a nearly continuous, ~4 km long range front scarp. The exposure revealed a sharp, planar, low-angle failure surface dipping 33° and coincident with a bedding plane in the Hunter Creek formation. Slip along the failure surface juxtaposes a massive alluvial package against the Hunter Creek sandstone. The low-angle failure plane invokes two interpretations of the driving force behind the displacement: (1) mass wasting in a landslide; and (2) slip along a seismogenic low-angle normal fault. A landslide origin for displacement is unfavorable based on the length and continuity of the scarp on the surface and the absence of landslide debris downslope. The preferred low-angle normal fault interpretation is supported by documented surface rupture along the fault ~2 km south of the site and the observation of an exceptionally high density zone of short discontinuous faults in the pediment outboard the range front that may be a manifestation of the low-angle structure at depth. Previous paleoseismic studies show the low-angle slip proposed here is not representative of the entire Carson Range, and that is likely restricted to a few kilometers. Lastly, structural, stratigraphic and pedogenic relations in the trench are insufficient to elucidate an earthquake event history.
Download or read book New Insights Into Strain Accumulation and Release in the Central and Northern Walker Lane Pacific North American Plate Boundary California and Nevada USA written by Jayne Margret Bormann and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Walker Lane is a 100 km-wide distributed zone of complex transtensional faulting that flanks the eastern margin of the Sierra Nevada. Up to 25% of the total Pacific-North American relative right-lateral plate boundary deformation is accommodated east of the Sierra Nevada, primarily in the Walker Lane. The results of three studies in the Central and Northern Walker Lane offer new insights into how constantly accumulating plate boundary shear strain is released on faults in the Walker Lane and regional earthquake hazards. This research is based on the collection and analysis of new of geologic and geodetic datasets. Two studies are located in the Central Walker Lane, where plate boundary deformation is accommodated on northwest trending right-lateral faults, east-northeast trending left-lateral faults, and north trending normal faults. In this region, a prominent set of left-stepping, en-echelon, normal fault-bounded basins between Walker Lake and Lake Tahoe fill a gap in Walker Lane strike slip faults. Determining how these basins accommodate shear strain is a primary goal of this research. Paleoseismic and neotectonic observations from the Wassuk Range fault zone in the Walker Lake basin record evidence for at least 3 Holocene surface rupturing earthquakes and Holocene/late Pleistocene vertical slip rates between 0.4-0.7 mm/yr on the normal fault, but record no evidence of right-lateral slip along the rangefront fault. A complementary study presents new GPS velocity data that measures present-day deformation across the Central Walker Lane and infers fault slip and block rotation rates using an elastic block model. The model results show a clear partitioning between distinct zones of strain accommodation characterized by (1) right-lateral translation of blocks on northwest trending faults, (2) left-lateral slip and clockwise block rotations between east and northeast trending faults, and (3) right-lateral oblique normal slip with minor clockwise block rotations on north trending faults. Block model results show that a component of right-lateral slip in the normal-fault bounded basins is required to adequately fit the GPS data. New GPS data from the Northern Walker Lane constrains present-day slip rates on the Mohawk Valley, Grizzly Valley, and Honey Lake fault zones. Block model results predict right-lateral slip rates of 2.2 ± 0.2 mm/yr for the Mohawk Valley fault and 1.1 ± 0.4 mm/yr for the Honey Lake fault. The GPS data do not require slip on the Grizzly Valley fault, although right-lateral slip rates up to 1.2 mm/yr are allowed without increasing the block model misfit. The present-day distribution of slip between the Honey Lake and Mohawk Valley faults is opposite that predicted by latest Quaternary and Holocene geologic slip rate estimates. A temporally variable Wallace-type strain release model that includes 104-year timescale variations in fault slip rate could reconcile both datasets.
Download or read book Late Cenozoic Structure and Evolution of the Great Basin Sierra Nevada Transition written by John S. Oldow and published by Geological Society of America. This book was released on 2009 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Recent Crustal Movements 1977 written by C.A. Whitten and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 681 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent Crustal Movements, 1977 is a compilation of the proceedings of the Sixth International Symposium on Recent Crust Movements. This volume is comprised of 50 papers and 38 abstracts, in addition to a special report about the RCM Symposium and the report of the Fennoscandian Subcommission. This volume is subdivided into eight parts. The first part presents the opening remarks at the symposium and the special report of the Fennoscandian Subcommission of the Commission on Recent Crustal Movements. Locations included in this report are the Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic, Finland, Sweden, Denmark, and Norway. Part two is about crustal deformation using extra-terrestrial geodesy. Part three explores the measurement of strain, tilt and gravity. The observed vertical crustal deformation is the focus of the fourth part. The second half of this volume focuses on geologic studies of Holocene deformation; observed horizontal crustal deformation; seismology; and, finally, experimental and theoretical models of interferometric methods for the measurement of distance in the study of recent crustal movements.
Download or read book Journal of Geophysical Research written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 534 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Research and Technology Objectives and Plans Summary RTOPS written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book NASA Technical Memorandum written by and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book 1906 San Francisco Earthquake Centennial Field Guides written by Carol S. Prentice and published by Geological Society of America. This book was released on 2006-01-01 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The twenty field trip guides in this volume represent the work of earthquake professionals from the earth science, engineering, and emergency management communities. The guides were developed to cross the boundaries between these professions, and thus reflect this diversity: trips focus on the built environment, the effects of the 1906 earthquake, the San Andreas fault, and other active faults in northern California.
Download or read book National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program Annual Project Summaries XXXVI written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 564 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Stress Field Control of Eruption Dynamics written by Roberto Sulpizio and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2017-10-10 with total page 133 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Increasing evidence supports the claim that stress changes play a fundamental role in triggering volcanic eruptions. Stress changes may vary in origin to include earthquakes, erosion and landslide processes, deglaciation, or tidal effects. The local stress can also change as response of magma influx from deeper reservoirs and an increase of the magma/gas pressure. The stress transfer may be of great importance in reawakening a dormant system. As an example, significant statistical correlation of large earthquakes and eruptions in time and space was suggested in many works. The interaction may be two-fold; where magma intrusions may change the stress at active faults and trigger earthquakes, while tectonic earthquakes may affect the magmatic system and change the eruption activity. The change in local tectonic stress has been claimed as trigger of large ignimbrite eruptions or for controlling the eruptive style of explosive eruptions. Sometimes volcano systems that are nested or closely located may become active in chorus; neighbouring volcanoes may interact in the sense that one volcano triggers its neighbouring volcano. However, although there is ample evidence of concurrence, the processes of interacting volcanoes and near- to far-field tectonic stress are not well understood. Some studies suggest that volcanic eruptions are triggered if compressive stress acts at the magma system and “squeezes” out magma. Other studies suggest that extensional stress fields facilitate magma rise and thus encourage eruptions, or that fluctuating compression and extension during the passing of seismic waves trigger eruptions. This research topic tries to address some of the important open questions in interaction between stress field and volcanic eruption, though both review papers and new contributions.
Download or read book Recent Crustal Movements 1977 written by Charles A. Whitten and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 690 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Annual Index of Current Earthquake Literature written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book New Publications of the Geological Survey written by Geological Survey (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 704 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Exhumation Associated with Continental Strike slip Fault Systems written by Alison B. Till and published by Geological Society of America. This book was released on 2007-01-01 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Geology and Climatology of Yucca Mountain and Vicinity Southern Nevada and California written by John S. Stuckless and published by Geological Society of America. This book was released on 2007-01-01 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book New Publications of the U S Geological Survey written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Summary of Workshops Concerning Regional Seismic Source Zones of Parts of the Conterminous United States Convened by the U S Geological Survey 1979 1980 Golden Colorado written by P. C. Thenhaus and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
