Download or read book Global Dynamics of the Earth Applications of Viscoelastic Relaxation Theory to Solid Earth and Planetary Geophysics written by Roberto Sabadini and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-05-27 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume opens up new perspectives on the physics of the Earth’s interior and planetary bodies for graduate students and researchers working in the fields of geophysics, planetary sciences and geodesy. It looks at our planet in an integrated fashion, linking the physics of its interior to geophysical and geodetic techniques that record, over a broad spectrum of spatial wavelengths and time scales, the ongoing modifications in the shape and gravity field of the planet. Basic issues related to the rheological properties of the Earth and to its slow deformation are considered, in both mathematical and physical terms, within the framework of an analytical relaxation theory. Fundamentals of this theory are developed in the first two Chapters. Chapters 3-9 deal with a wide range of applications, ranging from changes in the Earth’s rotation to post-seismic deformation and from sea-level variations induced by post-glacial rebound to tidal deformation of icy moons of the Solar System. This Second Edition improves substantially our formalism implementing compressibility in viscoelastic relaxation. Chapter 5 now contains new developments in the physics of the gravitational effects of large earthquakes at subduction zones, made possible by new gravity data from space missions. The new Chapter 9 of this Second Edition on deformation and stresses of icy moons enlarges the applications of the book to Planetology, dealing with the additional complications in the theory of viscoelastic relaxation introduced by the shallow low-viscosity zones and inviscid water layers of the moons of Jupiter and Saturn.
Download or read book Dynamics of the Earth written by V. I. Ferronsky and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-06-28 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In their search for solutions to problems concerning the dynamics of the Earth as a self-gravitating body, the authors have applied the fundamentals found in their book “Jacobi Dynamics” (1987, Reidel). First, satellite observations have shown that the Earth does not remain in hydrostatic equilibrium, which forms the physical basis of modern geodynamics. Secondly, satellite data have established a relationship between the planet’s polar moment of inertia and the potential of the Earth’s outer force field, which proves the most basic point of Jacobi dynamics. This allowed the authors to revise their derivation of the classical virial theorem, introducing the concept of a volumetric force and volumetric moment, and so to obtain a generalized virial theorem in the form of Jacobi’s equation. The main dynamical effects are: the kinetic energy of oscillation of the interacting particles, which explains the physical meaning and nature of gravitational forces; separation of shells of a self-gravitating body with respect to its mass density; differences in angular velocities of the shell’s rotation; continuity in variance of the potential of the outer gravitational force field, together with reductions in the envelope of the interacting masses (volumetric center of gravity); the nature of Earth, Moon and satellite precession; the nature and generating mechanism of the planet’s electromagnetic field; the common nature of gravitational and electromagnetic energy, and other related issues. The work is a logical continuation of the book "Jacobi Dynamics" and is intended for researchers, teachers and students engaged in theoretical and experimental research in various branches of astronomy, geophysics, planetology and cosmogony, and for students of celestial, statistical, quantum and relativistic mechanics and hydrodynamics.
Download or read book Global Dynamics of the Earth written by Roberto Sabadini and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2004-04-30 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume opens up new perspectives on the physics of the Earth's interior for graduate students and researchers working in the fields of geophysics and geodesy. It looks at our planet in an integrated fashion, linking the physics of its interior to the geophysical and geodetic techniques that record, over a broad spectrum of spatial wavelengths, the ongoing modifications in the shape and gravity field of the planet. Basic issues related to the rheological properties of the Earth's mantle and to its slow deformation will be understood, in both mathematical and physical terms, within the framework of an analytical normal mode relaxation theory. Fundamentals of this theory are developed in the first, tutorial part. The second part deals with a wide range of applications, ranging from changes in the Earth's rotation to post-seismic deformation and sea-level variations induced by post-glacial rebound. In the study of the physics of the Earth's interior, the book bridges the gap between seismology and geodynamics.
Download or read book Dynamics of the Earth System Evolution Processes and Interactions written by Dhananjai K. Pandey and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-04-09 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book highlights Indian scientific endeavours and contributions to answering the vast multitude of questions posed by our changing environment. The International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) explores Earth’s history and dynamics using deep ocean drilling platforms to recover the data locked inside seafloor sediments and rocks. Since 2009, Indian scientists have been actively engaged in these expeditions. Scientists from various Earth Science disciplines have seized this opportunity to offer their expertise in order to help unravel the mysteries of the past – by delving deep into the valuable sedimentary records of our oceans. This book presents a compilation of some of their most important findings to motivate and encourage young minds for their enhanced role in the cutting edge science of ocean drilling.
Download or read book Future Satellite Gravimetry and Earth Dynamics written by Jakob Flury and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-01-25 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New and more accurate techniques for satellite gravimetry will be available soon, with promising applications in Earth sciences. With this special issue the authors want to stimulate discussion among Earth scientists on objectives and preferences for future satellite gravimetry missions. This is an urgently needed discussion. Visions for follow-on missions have to be developed today, if they are to be realized within 10 years, given the required preparation time of such satellite missions.
Download or read book Dynamics of the Earth s Evolution written by Roman Teisseyre and published by Elsevier Publishing Company. This book was released on 1993 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The gravity data, after some assumptions, could be a source of information about the density distribution in the mantle. This is of special value because the density distribution is included directly in the equation of motion for fluid.
Download or read book This Dynamic Earth written by W. Jacquelyne Kious and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1996 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents the online edition of the publication "This Dynamic Earth: The Story of Plate Tectonics" (ISBN 0-16-048220-8) by W. Jacquelyne Kious and Robert I. Tilling, published by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in Denver, Colorado. Posts contact information via mailing address, telephone and fax numbers, and e-mail. Notes that a hard copy of the publication is available. Provides a table of contents and endnotes. Links to the USGS home page.
Download or read book Thriving on Our Changing Planet A Decadal Strategy for Earth Observation from Space written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2019-06-18 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We live on a dynamic Earth shaped by both natural processes and the impacts of humans on their environment. It is in our collective interest to observe and understand our planet, and to predict future behavior to the extent possible, in order to effectively manage resources, successfully respond to threats from natural and human-induced environmental change, and capitalize on the opportunities â€" social, economic, security, and more â€" that such knowledge can bring. By continuously monitoring and exploring Earth, developing a deep understanding of its evolving behavior, and characterizing the processes that shape and reshape the environment in which we live, we not only advance knowledge and basic discovery about our planet, but we further develop the foundation upon which benefits to society are built. Thriving on Our Changing Planet: A Decadal Strategy for Earth Observation from Space (National Academies Press, 2018) provides detailed guidance on how relevant federal agencies can ensure that the United States receives the maximum benefit from its investments in Earth observations from space, while operating within realistic cost constraints. This short booklet, designed to be accessible to the general public, provides a summary of the key ideas and recommendations from the full decadal survey report.
Download or read book Life as a Geological Force written by Pieter Westbroek and published by W W Norton & Company Incorporated. This book was released on 1992 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Those who funded the sciences of geology 150 years ago intuitively saw the Earth as a unified whole. Since that time, the sciences have specialized into physics, chemistry, biology and geology - specialization that has brought advances, but has unfortunately obscured our view of the unique role that life and death play on our planet.
Download or read book The Earth s Atmosphere written by Kshudiram Saha and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-05-14 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The author has sought to incorporate in the book some of the fundamental concepts and principles of the physics and dynamics of the atmosphere, a knowledge and understanding of which should help an average student of science to comprehend some of the great complexities of the earth-atmosphere system, in which a thr- way interaction between the atmosphere, the land and the ocean tends to maintain an overall mass and energy balance in the system through physical and dynamical processes. The book, divided into two parts and consisting of 19 chapters, introduces only those aspects of the subject that, according to the author, are deemed essential to meet the objective in view. The emphasis is more on clarity and understanding of physical and dynamical principles than on details of complex theories and ma- ematics. Attempt is made to treat each subject from ?rst principles and trace its development to present state, as far as possible. However, a knowledge of basic c- culus and differential equations is sine qua non especially for some of the chapters which appear later in the book.
Download or read book The Dynamics of Disaster written by Susan W. Kieffer and published by W. W. Norton & Company. This book was released on 2013-10-21 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Natural disasters bedevil our planet, and each appears to be a unique event. Leading geologist Susan W. Kieffer shows how all disasters are connected. In 2011, there were fourteen natural calamities that each destroyed over a billion dollars’ worth of property in the United States alone. In 2012, Hurricane Sandy ravaged the East Coast and major earthquakes struck in Italy, the Philippines, Iran, and Afghanistan. In the first half of 2013, the awful drumbeat continued—a monster supertornado struck Moore, Oklahoma; a powerful earthquake shook Sichuan, China; a cyclone ravaged Queensland, Australia; massive floods inundated Jakarta, Indonesia; and the largest wildfire ever engulfed a large part of Colorado. Despite these events, we still behave as if natural disasters are outliers. Why else would we continue to build new communities near active volcanoes, on tectonically active faults, on flood plains, and in areas routinely lashed by vicious storms? A famous historian once observed that “civilization exists by geologic consent, subject to change without notice.” In the pages of this unique book, leading geologist Susan W. Kieffer provides a primer on most types of natural disasters: earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanoes, landslides, hurricanes, cyclones, and tornadoes. By taking us behind the scenes of the underlying geology that causes them, she shows why natural disasters are more common than we realize, and that their impact on us will increase as our growing population crowds us into ever more vulnerable areas. Kieffer describes how natural disasters result from “changes in state” in a geologic system, much as when water turns to steam. By understanding what causes these changes of state, we can begin to understand the dynamics of natural disasters. In the book’s concluding chapter, Kieffer outlines how we might better prepare for, and in some cases prevent, future disasters. She also calls for the creation of an organization, something akin to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention but focused on pending natural disasters.
Download or read book The Dynamics of Partially Molten Rock written by Richard F. Katz and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2022-01-18 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A valuable synthesis of the physics of magmatism for students and scholars Magma genesis and segregation have shaped Earth since its formation more than 4.5 billion years ago. Now, for the first time, the mathematical theory describing the physics of magmatism is presented in a single volume. The Dynamics of Partially Molten Rock offers a detailed overview that emphasizes the fundamental physical insights gained through an analysis of simplified problems. This textbook brings together such topics as fluid dynamics, rock mechanics, thermodynamics and petrology, geochemical transport, plate tectonics, and numerical modeling. End-of-chapter exercises and solutions as well as online Python notebooks provide material for courses at the advanced undergraduate or graduate level. This book focuses on the partial melting of Earth’s asthenosphere, but the theory presented is also more broadly relevant to natural systems where partial melting occurs, including ice sheets and the deep crust, mantle, and core of Earth and other planetary bodies, as well as to rock-deformation experiments conducted in the laboratory. For students and researchers aiming to understand and advance the cutting edge, the work serves as an entrée into the field and a convenient means to access the research literature. Notes in each chapter reference both classic papers that shaped the field and newer ones that point the way forward. The Dynamics of Partially Molten Rock requires a working knowledge of fluid mechanics and calculus, and for some chapters, readers will benefit from prior exposure to thermodynamics and igneous petrology. The first book to bring together in a unified way the theory for partially molten rocks End-of-chapter exercises with solutions and an online supplement of Jupyter notebooks Coverage of the mechanics, thermodynamics, and chemistry of magmatism, and their coupling in the context of plate tectonics and mantle convection Notes at the end of each chapter highlight key papers for further reading
Download or read book Structure and Dynamics of Earth s Deep Interior written by D. E. Smylie and published by American Geophysical Union. This book was released on 1988 with total page 133 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Papers from: All Union Symposium U2 on 'Instability within the Earth and core Dynamics' held on August 20-21 1987 in Vancouver.
Download or read book The Dynamic Earth written by Brian J. Skinner and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1989 with total page 566 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Dynamic Earth is a more elementary, less detailed version of the authors' well-known standard text, Physical Geology. It was created in response to requests from lecturers and students who need a simpler, but equally attractive and authoritative, introduction to physical geology.
Download or read book Earth s Dynamic Systems written by William Kenneth Hamblin and published by Prentice Hall. This book was released on 2004 with total page 828 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There are two major pathways for the flow of energy and matter on Earth: (1) the hydrologic system-the circulation of water over Earth's surface and through its atmosphere powered by energy from the Sun, and (2) the tectonic system-the movement of material powered by heat from Earth's interior. These two unifying themes form the backbone of "Earth's Dynamic Systems," providing a logical, well-crafted, spectacularly illustrated introduction to physical geology. NEW TO THIS EDITION: GeoLogic-Geologists have a unique way of "reading" the landscape and rocks. These essays illustrate in words and images how modern geologists interpret the world around us. Updated and Enhanced Student CD-ROM: Includes dozens of high-quality animations, photographs, and videos. Guided Tours: These animated tours of Earth's major landforms illustrate key concepts in a way the printed word and still pictures cannot. Slideshows: Written and photographed by the authors, the slideshows expand on the text with additional photographs and explanations. Videos and animations: Gathered from geologists around the world, these illustrate both fundamental concepts and how modern geologists study Earth
Download or read book Theoretical Mantle Dynamics written by Neil M. Ribe and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-10-04 with total page 331 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprehensive, mathematically advanced treatment of the continuum mechanics of the Earth's mantle and the geodynamic models used to investigate it.
Download or read book Earth Surface Processes written by Philip A. Allen and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-05-27 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Earth Surface Processes is an introductory text for those studying the dynamics of fluid and sediment transport in the environments, in the context of both present-day patterns as well as the environmental changes decipherable in the geological record. The book is divided into two parts. The first deals with the global-scale aspects of the earth's surface system. The second part focuses on the physical underpinnings for fluid and sediment transport in a number of settings, found at the earth's surface and in its oceans. Earth Surface Processes fits into the literature of the broad holistic discipline of 'Earth System Science.' The author illustrates the physical principles of earth's surface processes and explains the relevant theories by quantitative practical exercises. The pioneering textbook on the "new sedimentology" One of the first textbooks to adopt the Earth Systems approach to geology, developed at Penn State and Stanford Should reinvigorate more traditional courses in physical sedimentology and dynamical sedimentology Successfully marries the innovative holistic approach to Earth Systems with the traditional reductionist approach to sedimentary processes Explains both the global-scale Earth Surface System and the fluid dynamics and sedimentary transport processes that underlie this Quantitative approach is reinforced with worked examples and solutions Richly illustrated with original diagrams and a colour plate section
