Download or read book Dynamics of Ocean Waves in a Continuous Sea Ice Cover written by Vernon A. Squire and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Dynamics of Ocean Waves in a Continuos Sea Ice Cover written by V. A. Squire and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ocean Wave Dynamics written by Ian Young and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2020-03-20 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ocean Wave Dynamics is the most up-to-date book of its kind on the three main processes responsible for the generation and evolution of ocean waves: (i) atmospheric input from the wind, (ii) wave breaking and (iii) nonlinear interactions.Ocean waves are important for many reasons. They are the major environmental impact on in the design of coastal or offshore structures. Ocean waves are also fundamental to the processes of coastal flooding and beach erosion. They will play a major role in storm related coastal flooding which will rise in frequency as a result of sea level rise. Ocean waves are also an important part of the coupled ocean-atmosphere system. They determine the roughness of the ocean surface and hence have an impact on winds, fluxes of energy, gases and heat to the ocean and even the stability of ice sheets.Containing the latest research on ocean waves, it is a valuable resource for an overview of knowledge in this important field.Related Link(s)
Download or read book The Ocean in Motion written by Manuel G. Velarde and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-03-28 with total page 610 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book commemorates the 70th birthday of Eugene Morozov, the noted Russian observational oceanographer. It contains many contributions reflecting his fields of interest, including but not limited to tidal internal waves, ocean circulation, deep ocean currents, and Arctic oceanography. Special attention is paid to studies on internal waves and especially those on tidal internal waves in the Global Ocean. These papers describe the most important open problems concerning experimental studies of internal waves and their theoretical, numerical, and laboratory modeling. Further contributions investigate the physics of surface waves and their interaction with internal waves. Here, the focus is on describing interaction processes between internal waves and deep currents in the ocean, especially currents of Antarctic Bottom Water in abyssal fractures. They also touch on the problem of oceanic circulation and related processes in fjords, including those occurring under sea ice. Given its breadth of coverage, the book will appeal to anyone interested in a survey of ocean dynamics, ranging from historic perspectives to modern research topics.
Download or read book On the Generation and Directional Recording of Waves in the Arctic Ocean written by Leonard A. LeSchack and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An experiment to investigate the directional nature and the possible generation mechanisms for waves on the Arctic Ocean, an ocean almost entirely covered with sea ice, is described. The waves under consideration have periods between 10 and 100 seconds and amplitudes between 0.001 and 2.0 centimeters. In the present work an array of two continuously recording gravimeters 1,240 meters apart was established at drift station ARLIS II. Observed waves with distinct periods were associated with a storm over Siberia. A continuously recording microbarograph sensitive to atmospheric micropressure oscillations in the 10- to 100-second period range was also installed at ARLIS II. Distinct oscillations were observed in this period range having amplitude of from 20 to 400 dynes/sq cm. Power spectra of micropressure records made before, during, and after a storm show that oscillation amplitude is proportional to the period of the oscillation and speed of local winds. Cross correlation between the micropressure records and wave records taken with a gravimeter at the same location as the microbarograph shows a positive correlation between the micropressure waves and the ocean waves. This correlation appears to vary with the direction of the local surface wind. These micropressure waves contained sufficient force to bend the ice and generate the observed water waves. (Author).
Download or read book The Geophysics of Sea Ice written by Norbert Untersteiner and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-12-19 with total page 1197 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on the proceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute on Air-Sea-Ice Interaction held September 28-October 10, 1981 in Acquafredda di maratea, Italy. Intent is to present the topic of sea ice in the broad and interdisciplinary context of atmospheric and oceanographic science.
Download or read book Antarctic Sea Ice Variability in the Southern Ocean Climate System written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-04-24 with total page 83 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The sea ice surrounding Antarctica has increased in extent and concentration from the late 1970s, when satellite-based measurements began, until 2015. Although this increasing trend is modest, it is surprising given the overall warming of the global climate and the region. Indeed, climate models, which incorporate our best understanding of the processes affecting the region, generally simulate a decrease in sea ice. Moreover, sea ice in the Arctic has exhibited pronounced declines over the same period, consistent with global climate model simulations. For these reasons, the behavior of Antarctic sea ice has presented a conundrum for global climate change science. The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine held a workshop in January 2016, to bring together scientists with different sets of expertise and perspectives to further explore potential mechanisms driving the evolution of recent Antarctic sea ice variability and to discuss ways to advance understanding of Antarctic sea ice and its relationship to the broader ocean-climate system. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.
Download or read book IUTAM Symposium on Scaling Laws in Ice Mechanics and Ice Dynamics written by J.P. Dempsey and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-18 with total page 479 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Volume constitutes the Proceedings of the IUTAM Symposium on 'Scaling Laws in Ice Mechanics and Ice Dynamics', held in Fairbanks, Alaska from 13th to 16th of June 2000. Ice mechanics deals with essentially intact ice: in this discipline, descriptions of the motion and deformation of Arctic/ Antarctic and river/lake ice call for the development of physically based constitutive and fracture models over an enormous range in scale: 0.01 m - 10 km. Ice dynamics, on the other hand, deals with the movement of broken ice: descriptions of an aggregate of ice floes call for accurate modeling of momentum transfer through the sea/ice system, again over an enormous range in scale: 1 km (floe scale) - 500 km (basin scale). For ice mechanics, the emphasis on lab-scale (0.01 - 0.5 m) research con trasts with applications at the scale of order 1 km (ice-structure interaction, icebreaking); many important upscaling questions remain to be explored.
Download or read book The Nordic Seas written by Burton G. Hurdle and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 788 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: " ... as soon as one has traversed the greater part of the wild sea, one comes upon such a huge quantity of ice that nowhere in the whole world has the like been known." "This ice is of a wonderful nature. It lies at times quite still, as one would expect, with openings or large fjords in it; but sometimes its movement is so strong and rapid as to equal that of a ship running before the wind, and it drifts against the wind as often as with it." Kongespeilet - 1250 A.D. ("The Mirror of Kings") Modern societies require increasing amounts influence on the water mass and on the resulting of scientific information about the environment total environment of the region; therefore, cer tain of its characteristics will necessarily be in whieh they live and work. For the seas this information must describe the air above the sea, included.
Download or read book Sea Ice Observation and Modelling written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Role of Waves in the Autumn Arctic Ocean written by Madison Smith and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent decline of sea ice coverage in the Arctic Ocean has resulted in a substantial seasonal wave climate. Waves generated in the open water are attenuated far into the sea ice, but are a defining feature of the marginal ice zone (MIZ). In autumn, waves in the MIZ can be large due to the significant open water area following the minimum ice extent. Waves are expected to affect ice cover development through both kinematic and thermodynamic processes. In this research, I use observations from 2015 in the Beaufort Sea region to improve understanding of key feedbacks between waves and sea ice, and describe implications for autumn ice formation. In the MIZ, where surface waves are often present, much of the ice forms through the 'pancake cycle'. Gradients in wave orbital velocities across the surface cause small ice crystals to be herded into increasingly larger, rounded floes. Modeling the relative motion between ice floes is the basis for describing pancake ice growth, as well as the attenuation of wave energy associated with their motion. Here, existing models for ice motion and growth are evaluated using coincident measurements of waves and pancake sea ice made using shipboard stereo video. The observations are well captured by existing models, and relative velocities of floes are typically small compared to the mean orbital velocities. The models for relative motion of pancake sea ice due to waves can be subsequently used to estimate attenuation of wave energy due to floe motion. Under the conditions observed, estimates of wave energy loss from ice-ocean turbulence are much larger than those from pancake collisions, and can account for most of the observed wave attenuation. In addition to the general trends of sea ice growth in the Arctic in autumn, ice edge advance can be temporarily reversed as a result of upper ocean mixing by wind and waves. Observations during a high wind and wave event demonstrate how heat released from the upper ocean can melt significant amounts of newly formed pancake sea ice. Measurements from drifting buoys and ship-based platforms are used to construct heat and salt budgets, which give a consistent picture of the air-ice-ocean evolution. Following the event, there was less heat remaining in the upper ocean and sea ice formation quickly resumed. The young ice cover formed throughout the autumn significantly changes the way in which momentum is transferred from the wind to the waves, and into the ocean below. Using coincident measurements of sea ice, wind, surface waves, and near-surface turbulence across a range of conditions, I quantify the relationship between new sea ice formation, attenuation of waves, and suppression of near-surface turbulence. Sea ice formation reduces the wind input transfer velocity by attenuating the short waves, which simultaneously suppresses the wave-driven near-surface turbulence. As ice thickens and grows, the ice provides the dominant roughness for wind input. Based on the observations, I suggest parameters for estimating near-surface turbulence in thin pancake and frazil ice, which are ubiquitous in autumn marginal ice zones. The results of this research provide validation and parameterization for a new class of sea ice models that include dynamic and thermodynamic floe processes. Constraining rates of pancake ice growth is important as it occurs at a much faster rate than simple thermodynamic ice growth, and it is believed to be more common in the Arctic Ocean in recent years. Yet, as the timing of the ice-edge advance shifts later into stormier autumn months, waves from storm events may play an increasing role in delaying ice advance. Thus, the coupled wave-ice interactions examined are likely to become increasingly important in determining the state of the autumn Arctic Ocean with the growing wave climate.
Download or read book Sea Ice written by David N. Thomas and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-04-15 with total page 419 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sea ice, which covers up to 7% of the planet’s surface, is a major component of the world’s oceans, partly driving ocean circulation and global climate patterns. It provides a habitat for a rich diversity of marine organisms, and is an extremely valuable source of information in studies of global climate change and the evolution of present day life forms. Increasingly sea ice is being used as a proxy for extraterrestrial ice covered systems. Sea Ice provides a comprehensive review of our current available knowledge of polar pack ice, the study of which is severely constrained by the logistic difficulties of working in such harsh and remote regions of the earth. The book’s editors, Drs Thomas and Dieckmann have drawn together an impressive group of international contributing authors, providing a well-edited and integrated volume, which will stand for many years as the standard work on the subject. Contents of the book include details of the growth, microstructure and properties of sea ice, large-scale variations in thickness and characteristics, its primary production, micro-and macrobiology, sea ice as a habitat for birds and mammals, sea ice biogeochemistry, particulate flux, and the distribution and significance of palaeo sea ice. Sea Ice is an essential purchase for oceanographers and marine scientists, environmental scientists, biologists, geochemists and geologists. All those involved in the study of global climate change will find this book to contain a wealth of important information. All libraries in universities and research establishments where these subjects are studied and taught will need multiple copies on their shelves. David Thomas is at the School of Ocean Sciences, University of Wales, Bangor, UK. Gerhard Dieckmann is at the Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
Download or read book Dynamics of the Coupled Ice ocean System in the Marginal Ice Zone written by Sirpa Häkkinen and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study is aimed at the modelling of mesoscale processes such as up/downwelling and ice edge eddies in the marginal ice zones. A 2-dimensional coupled ice-ocean model is used for the study. The ice model is coupled to the reduced gravity ocean model (f-plane) through interfacial stresses. The constitutive equations of the sea ice are formulated on the basis of the Reiner-Rivlin theory. The internal ice stresses are important only at high ice concentrations (90-100%), otherwise the ice motion is essentially free drift, where the air-ice stress is balanced by the ice-water stress. The model was tested by studying the upwelling dynamics. Winds parallel to the ice edge with the ice on the right produce upwelling because the air-ice momentum flux is much greater than air-ocean momentum flux, and thus the Ekman transport is bigger under the ice than in the open water. The upwelling simulation was extended to include temporally varying forcing, which was chosen to vary sinusoidally with 4 day period. This forcing resembles successive cyclone passings. In the model with thin oceanic upper layer, ice bands were formed. The up/downwelling signals do not disappear in wind reversals because of nonlinear advection. This leads to convergences and divergences in oceanic and ice velocities which manifest themselves as ice banding. At least one wind reversal is needed to produce one ice band.
Download or read book Papers from the International Symposium on Sea Ice and Its Interactions with the Ocean Atmosphere and Biosphere written by Martin O. Jeffries and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 636 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ice in the Ocean written by Peter Wadhams and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-04-21 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ICe in the Ocean examines sea ice and icebergs and their role in the global climate system. It is comprehensive textbook suitablefor students, pure and applied researchers, and anyone interested in the polar oceans; the distribution of sea ice; the mechanisms of growth, development and decay; the thermodynamics and dynamics of sea ice; sea ice defo
Download or read book Extreme Ocean Waves written by Efim Pelinovsky and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-09-02 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This revised and updated second edition details the vast progress that has been achieved in the understanding of the physical mechanisms of rogue wave phenomenon in recent years. The selected articles address such issues as the formation of rogue waves due to modulational instability of nonlinear wave field, physical and statistical properties of extreme ocean wave generation in deep water as well as in shallow water, various models of nonlinear water waves, special analysis of nonlinear resonances between water waves and the relation between in situ observations, experimental data and rogue wave theories. In addition, recent results on tsunami waves due to subaerial landslides are presented. This book is written for specialists in the fields of fluid mechanics, applied mathematics, nonlinear physics, physical oceanography and geophysics, and for students learning these subjects.
Download or read book Journal of Physical Oceanography written by and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 1080 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
