Download or read book Dual Smarandache Curves of a Timelike Curve lying on Unit dual Lorentzian Sphere written by Tanju Kahraman and published by Infinite Study. This book was released on with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this paper, we give Darboux approximation for dual Smarandache curves of timelike curve on unit dual Lorentzian sphere.
Download or read book Dual Smarandache Curves of a Timelike Curve lying on Unit dual Lorentzian Sphere written by Tanju Kahraman and published by Infinite Study. This book was released on with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this paper, we give Darboux approximation for dual Smarandache curves of timelike curve on unit dual Lorentzian sphere.
Download or read book Smarandache Curves of a Spacelike Curve lying on Unit dual Lorentzian Sphere written by Tanju Kahraman and published by Infinite Study. This book was released on with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this paper, we give Darboux approximation for dual Smarandache curves of spacelike curve on unit dual Lorentzian sphere.
Download or read book ASSESMENT OF SMARANDACHE CURVES IN THE NULL CONE Q2 written by MIHRIBAN KULAHCI and published by Infinite Study. This book was released on with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this paper, we give Smarandache curves according to the asymptotic orthonormal frame in null cone Q2. By using cone frame formulas, we present some characterizations of Smarandache curves and calculate cone frenet invariants of these curves. Also, we illustrate these curves with an example.
Download or read book INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MATHEMATICAL COMBINATORICS VOLUME 3 2017 written by Linfan Mao and published by Infinite Study, Phoenix, United States. This book was released on with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this issue, there are 12 papers following: Paper 1: Smarandache Curves of Curves lying on Lightlike Cone. Paper 2: Intuitionistic fuzzy graph. Paper 3: Smarandachely dominating. Paper 4: Cohen-Macaulay of Ideal. Paper 5: Conformal (k, μ)-Contact Manifold. Paper 6: First and second Zagreb indices. Paper 7: Number of spanning trees. Paper 8: Smarandachely strong dominating set. Paper 9: Smarandachely equitable dominating set. Paper 10: Smarandachely cordial labeling, Smarandachely cordial graph. Paper 11: Smarandachely equitable dominating set. Paper 12: Smarandachely cordial labeling.
Download or read book MATHEMATICAL COMBINATORICS INTERNATIONAL BOOK SERIES written by Linfan MAO and published by Infinite Study. This book was released on 2013 with total page 135 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The mathematical combinatorics is a subject that applying combinatorial notion to all mathematics and all sciences for understanding the reality of things in the universe, motivated by CC Conjecture of Dr.Linfan MAO on mathematical sciences. TheMathematical Combinatorics (International Book Series) is a fully refereed international book series with an ISBN number on each issue, sponsored by the MADIS of Chinese Academy of Sciences and published in USA quarterly, which publishes original research papers and survey articles in all aspects of mathematical combinatorics, Smarandachemulti-spaces, Smarandache geometries, non-Euclidean geometry, topology and their applications to other sciences.
Download or read book Quantization in Astrophysics Brownian Motion and Supersymmetry written by Florentin Smarandache and published by Infinite Study. This book was released on 2007 with total page 516 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Quantization and Discretization at Large Scales written by Florentin Smarandache and published by Infinite Study. This book was released on 2012 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book New Foundation in the Sciences written by V. Christianto, F. Smarandache, R.N. Boyd and published by Infinite Study. This book was released on with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is widely known among the Frontiers of physics, that “sweeping under the rug” practice has been quite the norm rather than exception. In other words, the leading paradigms have strong tendency to be hailed as the only game in town.
Download or read book Unsolved Problems in Special and General Relativity written by Florentin Smarandache and published by Infinite Study. This book was released on 2013 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Earth as an Evolving Planetary System written by Kent C. Condie and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2011-08-22 with total page 593 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Earth as an Evolving Planetary System, Second Edition, explores key topics and questions relating to the evolution of the Earth's crust and mantle over the last four billion years. This updated edition features exciting new information on Earth and planetary evolution and examines how all subsystems in our planet—crust, mantle, core, atmosphere, oceans and life—have worked together and changed over time. It synthesizes data from the fields of oceanography, geophysics, planetology, and geochemistry to address Earth's evolution. This volume consists of 10 chapters, including two new ones that deal with the Supercontinent Cycle and on Great Events in Earth history. There are also new and updated sections on Earth's thermal history, planetary volcanism, planetary crusts, the onset of plate tectonics, changing composition of the oceans and atmosphere, and paleoclimatic regimes. In addition, the book now includes new tomographic data tracking plume tails into the deep mantle. This book is intended for advanced undergraduate and graduate students in Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, with a basic knowledge of geology, biology, chemistry, and physics. It also may serve as a reference tool for structural geologists and professionals in related disciplines who want to look at the Earth in a broader perspective. - Kent Condie's corresponding interactive CD, Plate Tectonics and How the Earth Works, can be purchased from Tasa Graphic Arts here: http://www.tasagraphicarts.com/progptearth.html - Two new chapters on the Supercontinent Cycle and on Great Events in Earth history - New and updated sections on Earth's thermal history, planetary volcanism, planetary crusts, the onset of plate tectonics, changing composition of the oceans and atmosphere, and paleoclimatic regimes - Also new in this Second Edition: the lower mantle and the role of the post-perovskite transition, the role of water in the mantle, new tomographic data tracking plume tails into the deep mantle, Euxinia in Proterozoic oceans, The Hadean, A crustal age gap at 2.4-2.2 Ga, and continental growth
Download or read book Smarandache Geometries Map Theories with Applications I English and Chinese written by Linfan Mao and published by Infinite Study. This book was released on 2007 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 800x600 Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";} Smarandache Geometries as generalizations of Finsler, Riemannian, Weyl, and Kahler Geometries. A Smarandache geometry (SG) is a geometry which has at least one smarandachely denied axiom (1969). An axiom is said smarandachely denied (S-denied) if in the same space the axiom behaves differently (i.e., validated and invalided; or only invalidated but in at least two distinct ways). Thus, as a particular case, Euclidean, Lobachevsky-Bolyai-Gauss, and Riemannian geometries may be united altogether, in the same space, by some SGs. These last geometries can be partially Euclidean and partially non-Euclidean. The novelty of the SG is the fact that they introduce for the first time the degree of negation in geometry, similarly to the degree of falsehood in fuzzy or neutrosophic logic. For example an axiom can be denied in percentage of 30 Also SG are defined on multispaces, i.e. unions of Euclidean and non-Euclidean subspaces, or unions of distinct non-Euclidean spaces. As an example of S-denying, a proposition , which is the conjunction of a set i of propositions, can be invalidated in many ways if it is minimally unsatisfiable, that is, such that the conjunction of any proper subset of the i is satisfied in a structure, but itself is not. Here it is an example of what it means for an axiom to be invalidated in multiple ways [2] : As a particular axiom let's take Euclid's Fifth Postulate. In Euclidean or parabolic geometry a line has one parallel only through a given point. In Lobacevskian or hyperbolic geometry a line has at least two parallels through a given point. In Riemannian or elliptic geometry a line has no parallel through a given point. Whereas in Smarandache geometries there are lines which have no parallels through a given point and other lines which have one or more parallels through a given point (the fifth postulate is invalidated in many ways). Therefore, the Euclid's Fifth Postulate (which asserts that there is only one parallel passing through an exterior point to a given line) can be invalidated in many ways, i.e. Smarandachely denied, as follows: - first invalidation: there is no parallel passing through an exterior point to a given line; - second invalidation: there is a finite number of parallels passing through an exterior point to a given line; - third invalidation: there are infinitely many parallels passing through an exterior point to a given line.
Download or read book Noether s Theorems written by Gennadi Sardanashvily and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-03-18 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book provides a detailed exposition of the calculus of variations on fibre bundles and graded manifolds. It presents applications in such area's as non-relativistic mechanics, gauge theory, gravitation theory and topological field theory with emphasis on energy and energy-momentum conservation laws. Within this general context the first and second Noether theorems are treated in the very general setting of reducible degenerate graded Lagrangian theory.
Download or read book Differential Geometry written by Wolfgang Kühnel and published by American Mathematical Soc.. This book was released on 2006 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our first knowledge of differential geometry usually comes from the study of the curves and surfaces in I\!\!R^3 that arise in calculus. Here we learn about line and surface integrals, divergence and curl, and the various forms of Stokes' Theorem. If we are fortunate, we may encounter curvature and such things as the Serret-Frenet formulas. With just the basic tools from multivariable calculus, plus a little knowledge of linear algebra, it is possible to begin a much richer and rewarding study of differential geometry, which is what is presented in this book. It starts with an introduction to the classical differential geometry of curves and surfaces in Euclidean space, then leads to an introduction to the Riemannian geometry of more general manifolds, including a look at Einstein spaces. An important bridge from the low-dimensional theory to the general case is provided by a chapter on the intrinsic geometry of surfaces. The first half of the book, covering the geometry of curves and surfaces, would be suitable for a one-semester undergraduate course. The local and global theories of curves and surfaces are presented, including detailed discussions of surfaces of rotation, ruled surfaces, and minimal surfaces. The second half of the book, which could be used for a more advanced course, begins with an introduction to differentiable manifolds, Riemannian structures, and the curvature tensor. Two special topics are treated in detail: spaces of constant curvature and Einstein spaces. The main goal of the book is to get started in a fairly elementary way, then to guide the reader toward more sophisticated concepts and more advanced topics. There are many examples and exercises to help along the way. Numerous figures help the reader visualize key concepts and examples, especially in lower dimensions. For the second edition, a number of errors were corrected and some text and a number of figures have been added.
Download or read book The Worldwide List of Alternative Theories and Critics written by Jean de Climont and published by Editions d Assailly. This book was released on 2020-11-01 with total page 2426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Worldwide List of Alternative Theories and Critics (only avalailable in english language) includes scientists involved in scientific fields. The 2023 issue of this directory includes the scientists found in the Internet. The scientists of the directory are only those involved in physics (natural philosophy). The list includes 9700 names of scientists (doctors or diplome engineers for more than 70%). Their position is shortly presented together with their proposed alternative theory when applicable. There are nearly 3500 authors of such theories, all amazingly very different from one another. The main categories of theories are presented in an other book of Jean de Climont THE ALTERNATIVE THEORIES
Download or read book Smarandache Curves of Curves lying on Lightlike Cone in R31 written by Tanju Kahraman and published by Infinite Study. This book was released on with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this paper, we consider the notion of the Smarandache curves by considering the asymptotic orthonormal frames of curves lying fully on lightlike cone in Minkowski 3- space R3 1. We give the relationships between Smarandache curves and curves lying on lightlike cone in R31.
Download or read book Dual Smarandache Curves and Smarandache Ruled Surfaces written by Tanju KAHRAMAN and published by Infinite Study. This book was released on with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this paper, by considering dual geodesic trihedron (dual Darboux frame) we define dual Smarandache curves lying fully on dual unit sphere 2 S and corresponding to ruled surfaces. We obtain the relationships between the elements of curvature of dual spherical curve (ruled surface) a (s) and its dual Smarandache curve (Smarandache ruled surface) 1a (s) and we give an example for dual Smarandache curves of a dual spherical curve.
