Download or read book Drought Resistance in Perennial Ryegrass Lolium Perenne L written by Kiranmai Nandivada and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Drought Resistance Mechanisms in Mediterranean Perennial Ryegrass Lolium Perenne L and Potential for Introgression of Mediterranean Germplasm Into New Zealand Commercial Cultivars written by Sajjad Hussain and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Neotyphodium Lolii Endophyte Improves Drought Tolerance in Perennial Ryegrass Lolium Perenne L Through Broadly Adjusting Its Metabolism written by Yanfei Zhou and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Performance of Perennial Ryegrass Lolium Perenne L Seed Crops Under Water Stress Conditions written by Theodosius Marmaduke Velloza and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Summer drought is a major factor limiting the regrowth of perennial ryegrass seed crops. This phase of crop development has a strong influence on seed yield because most of the tillers that contribute towards next season's seed crop are produced or regrown during this period. In recent years many seed fields have exhibited premature decline probably because of extensive drought after harvesting. Therefore, this study was undertaken to (i) assess how post-harvest leaf and tiller development is impacted by the timing and severity of water stress and (ii) identify potential relationships of water stress to flowering and seed yield. Rain-out shelters were used to exclude rainfall from two cultivars which received either no irrigation or 2.5 cm of simulated rainfall in mid-August or mid-September or both. These were compared to an ambient treatment. No rainfall decreased total tiller production by approximately 30% in 1995 and 50% in 1996. There were also moderate reductions in tiller dry weight, tiller height, and slight decreases in number of leaves and the basal diameters. The trend showed that the cultivar Affinity responded quicker to an early irrigation whereas the cultivar Buccaneer had a longer period of summer dormancy. Total soluble sugars concentrations increased as tiller number decreased suggesting the potential for rapid compensatory growth upon alleviation of drought. Limited irrigation during the post-harvest period of regrowth did not generally affect fertile tiller number nor seed yields. Fewer vegetative tillers as the stands aged, together with other changes in plant parameters, may mark the beginning of the dieback problem. In greenhouse studies, four cultivars were rapidly stressed using vermiculite as a growth medium. Though little differences were observed among cultivars when physiological responses were evaluated, stomata' diffusive resistance and leaf temperatures increased, whereas plant water potential and leaf transpiration decreased as stress was prolonged. Plant survival following water stress was largely dependent on cultivar and gravimetric water content of vermiculite. This technique did not reasonably simulate natural drought conditions in terms of plant physiological performances nor soil characteristics, but it was useful to differentiate the ability of different genotypes to survive a drought-induced dieback.
Download or read book Agrobacterium mediated Transformation of Perennial Ryegrass Lolium Perenne L for Cold Tolerance written by Carmille Joanna C. Bales and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Physiological Effects of Drought on Perennial Ryegrass Lolium Perenne L and Tall Fescue Festuca Arundinacea Schreb written by Tony R. Butler and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 149 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Germination of Perennial Ryegrass Lolium Perenne L and Annual Bluegrass Poa Annua L Seeds Subjected to Hydration dehydration Cycles written by Phil Stewart Allen and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Molecular Marker Analysis of Perennial Ryegrass Lolium Perenne L Genetic Diversity Analysis Linkage Map Construction and Quantitative Trait Loci Mapping written by Kathryn Guthridge and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chapter Seven then describes the identification of QTL for morphological traits, water soluble carbohydrate content and photosynthetic traits as a first step towards the ulitisation marker assisted selection (MAS) for the improvement of drought tolerance in perennial ryegrass.
Download or read book Turfgrass written by John C. Stier and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-01-22 with total page 1348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sustainability is a key framework for analyzing biological systems—and turfgrass is no exception. It is part of a complex that encompasses turfgrass interactions with different environments and the suitability of different turfgrasses for specific environments. In addition to its biological role, turfgrass—in the form of lawns, green spaces, and playing surfaces—brings beneficial sociological effects to an increasingly urbanized society. This book presents a comprehensive overview of current knowledge and issues in the field of turfgrass research and management, including the genetics and breeding, the diseases and pests, and the ecology of turfgrasses, and will appeal to a broad spectrum of readers.
Download or read book Evaluation of Turf Type Intergeneric Hybrids of Lolium Perenne with Festuca Pratensis for Improved Stress Tolerance written by Brent D. Barnes and published by Proquest, UMI Dissertation Publishing. This book was released on 2012-10 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recurrent selection for drought and heat tolerance among hybrids of perennial ryegrass ( Lolium perenne L.) with meadow fescue ( Festuca pratensis Huds.), was used to develop turf-type populations with a marked increase in stress tolerance. Increased tolerance was associated with the presence of an introgression of F. pratensis chromatin on chromosome 3 of L. perenne . To determine if root characteristics were responsible for the improved stress tolerance, a greenhouse study was conducted to compare sister lines of Festulolium both with or without the introgression; the recurrent backcross parent; a representative F. pratensis ; and turf-type tall fescue ( Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) grown under well-watered conditions in 5.1-cm diam. x 160-cm long tubes containing sand. Two separate 120-day experiments revealed that F. pratensis produced deeper roots, more root biomass, and a higher root:shoot, while the industry standard, F. arundinacea , ranked at or near the lowest value. For the hybrids and ryegrass, the root parameters were intermediate between the 2 fescues, with no statistically significant difference among the 3 lines tested. The results indicate that in the tested Festulolium turf, drought and heat tolerance were not a consequence of increased root depth or root biomass as reported in previous reports for forage-type intergeneric hybrids of ryegrass and fescue.
Download or read book Spring Irrigation Management of Perennial Ryegrass Lolium Perenne L Seed Production written by Craig Millhouser King and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction of later maturing cultivars of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) places more seed production fields in a period of drought common to Oregon during vital stages of reproductive development. During these stages, the final yield of the crop is largely determined by the number of seeds set, and the development of individual seed weight. There is belief that water deficit during these periods may drastically reduce yield, which could be eliminated with properly timed spring irrigation. Therefore, this study was undertaken to (i) determine crop water use and water use efficiency of both irrigated and non-irrigated perennial ryegrass cultivars, (ii) observe any water use differences as a result of cultivar differences in perennial ryegrass, (iii) compare seed yield and seed yield components of different cultivars within irrigated and non-irrigated treatments, and (iv) determine appropriate timing and amount of irrigation to apply if it is revealed that irrigation enhances yield. A linear irrigation system was used to apply irrigation to six cultivars of perennial ryegrass in the crop years 2003 and 2004. In 2003 from 1 March to 25 July, 285 mm of water was consumed by non-irrigated plants, 365 mm when soil profile was filled once prior to peak anthesis, and 388 mm when soil moisture was maintained within 50 mm of field capacity to peak anthesis. In 2004 from 1 March to 8 July, nonirrigated plants consumed 279 mm of water, 353 mm from treatment to fill soil profile once, and 482 mm from treatment that maintained soil moisture up to peak anthesis. No statistical difference was observed in water use efficiency between treatments in 2003. In 2004 an interaction was observed between cultivars and irrigation, thus cultivars responded differently to irrigation. Contrasts revealed that cultivars responded differently with respect to water use efficiency. In 2003, irrigation to maintain soil moisture resulted in a 27% increase in yield, 18% due to an increase in seed number, and 8% due to an increase in seed weight. Irrigation to fill profile once resulted in a 21% increase in yield, 14% due to an increase in seed number, and 6% due to an increase in seed weight. In 2004 a cultivar by irrigation interaction was observed for total yield, seed weight, and seed number. Seed yield was increased by irrigation in all cultivars. In 2003, irrigation to maintain soil moisture began 3 June and corresponded with the beginning of anthesis, and proceeded to peak anthesis, 11 June. No rainfall was received during this period, or the period of seed fill which followed. In 2004 irrigation to maintain soil moisture began 29 April, and continued to peak anthesis, 4 June. Irrigation to fill profile once occurred between 3 June and 7 June in 2003, and between 31 May and 4 June in 2004. In 2004 significant rainfall occurred after peak anthesis during the period of seed fill. Data from both years suggest that irrigation to alleviate water deficit from the onset of anthesis through peak anthesis provides the plant with sufficient water to increase individual seed weight and seed set, thus improving overall yield.
Download or read book Abiotic Stress in Plants written by Shah Fahad and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2021-07-21 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Environmental insults such as extremes of temperature, extremes of water status, and deteriorating soil conditions pose major threats to agriculture and food security. Employing contemporary tools and techniques from all branches of science, attempts are being made worldwide to understand how plants respond to abiotic stresses with the aim to manipulate plant performance that is better suited to withstand these stresses. This book searches for possible answers to several basic questions related to plant responses towards abiotic stresses. Synthesizing developments in plant stress biology, the book offers strategies that can be used in breeding, including genomic, molecular, physiological, and biotechnological approaches that have the potential to develop resilient plants and improve crop productivity worldwide.
Download or read book Advances in Molecular Breeding Toward Drought and Salt Tolerant Crops written by Matthew A. Jenks and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-05-07 with total page 819 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With near-comprehensive coverage of new advances in crop breeding for drought and salinity stress tolerance, this timely work seeks to integrate the most recent findings about key biological determinants of plant stress tolerance with modern crop improvement strategies. This volume is unique because is provides exceptionally wide coverage of current knowledge and expertise being applied in drought and salt tolerance research.
Download or read book Festulolium written by David Kopecký and published by Palacký University Olomouc. This book was released on with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A special issue of Biologia Plantarum entitled “Festulolium – from the nature to modern breeding”. This special issue contains 14 articles, including eleven original research papers and three reviews, which are focused on genetics, ecology, physiology, biotechnology and the breeding value of Festulolium and various species within the Festuca-Lolium complex.
Download or read book Plant Growth and Morphophysiological Modifications in Perennial Ryegrass Under Environmental Stress written by Dong Qin and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) is a popular and important cool-season turfgrass used in parks, landscapes, sports fields, and golf courses, and it has significant ecological, environmental, and economic values. It is also widely used as forage and pasture grass for animals around the world. However, the growth of perennial ryegrass is often affected by various abiotic stresses, which cause declines in turf quality and forage production. Among abiotic stresses, drought, salinity, temperature, and heavy metal are the most detrimental factors for perennial ryegrass growth in different regions, which result in growth inhibition, cell structure damage, and metabolic dysfunction. Many researches have revealed a lot useful information for understanding the mechanism of tolerance to adverse stresses at morphophysiological level. In this chapter, we will give a systematic literature review about morphological and physiological changes of perennial ryegrass in response to main stress factors and provide detail aspects of improving perennial ryegrass resistance based on research progress. Understanding morphophysiological response in perennial ryegrass under stress will contribute to improving further insights on fundamental mechanisms of perennial ryegrass stress tolerance and providing valuable information for breeding resistance cultivars of perennial ryegrass.
Download or read book Lysimeter System Designs Used in Soils Research written by B. D. Titus and published by St. John's, Newfoundland : Canadian Forest Service. This book was released on 1996 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This review considers the agricultural, forestry, and ground-water monitoring literature and reports on the current designs of lysimeters that are relevant for use in forestry nutrient cycling studies. The review begins with a brief history of lysimetry and then presents a functional classification scheme which is used as a framework for discussing variations in lysimeter system design. The impact of lysimeter system design on sampling artefacts is briefly discussed and the literature on the effect of construction materials on soil solution contamination is tabulated. Statistical considerations of special interest involve the determination of sample size and distribution of the data. The appendix includes a translation of de la Hire's paper published in 1720, sometimes cited as an example of the earliest published work on lysimetry.
Download or read book Managing Cover Crops Profitably 3rd Ed written by Andy Clark and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2008-07 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cover crops slow erosion, improve soil, smother weeds, enhance nutrient and moisture availability, help control many pests and bring a host of other benefits to your farm. At the same time, they can reduce costs, increase profits and even create new sources of income. You¿ll reap dividends on your cover crop investments for years, since their benefits accumulate over the long term. This book will help you find which ones are right for you. Captures farmer and other research results from the past ten years. The authors verified the info. from the 2nd ed., added new results and updated farmer profiles and research data, and added 2 chap. Includes maps and charts, detailed narratives about individual cover crop species, and chap. about aspects of cover cropping.
