Download or read book Driver Understanding of Red Retroreflective Raised Pavement Markers written by Paul John Carlson and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Installation of Raised Pavement Markers for Reducing Incidences of Wrong way Driving written by Frank D. Shepard and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Effectiveness at two interstate off-ramps.
Download or read book Human Factors Guidelines for Road Systems written by John L. Campbell and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 2012 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This report completes and updates the first edition of NCHRP Report 600: Human Factors Guidelines for Road Systems (HFG), which was published previously in three collections. The HFG contains guidelines that provide human factors principles and findings for consideration by, and is a resource document for, highway designers, traffic engineers, and other safety practitioners."--Foreword.
Download or read book Performance Criteria for Retroreflective Pavement Markers written by Adam Matthew Pike and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pavement markings are the most common traffic control device (TCD) used to communicate roadway information to drivers. To be effective, they must convey information in all lighting and weather conditions. As a result, pavement markings on public roads contain retroreflective elements, such as glass beads, so that light from vehicle headlights is returned to the eye of the driver at night. The TRB National Cooperative Highway Research Program's NCHRP Research Report 1015: Performance Criteria for Retroreflective Pavement Markers seeks to isolate and identify the effects of retroreflective pavement markers (RPMs) from a cohesive, three-pronged investigation of driver visibility, behavior, and safety.
Download or read book Feasibility Study for an All white Pavement Marking System written by H. Gene Hawkins and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 2002 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chapter 1. Introduction -- Chapter 2. Background information -- Chapter 3. Driver understanding -- Chapter 4. Findings and recommendations -- Appendix A. Evolution of U.S. pavement marking system -- Appendix B. Previous research on driver understanding -- Appendix C. Comprehension study -- References.
Download or read book Durable Retroreflective Pavement Markings and Markers Increase Visibility for Drivers in Wet Night Conditions written by Misty A. Boos and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Increasing retroreflectivity of markings during rainy, foggy, nighttime conditions is a major challenge. Research has shown that pavement markings reduce crashes at night on dry pavement, but not at night on wet pavement. (Migletz, 2002 pg. 6) Because of the need to improve visibility for drivers under adverse conditions, recent research (2000 to the present) has been targeted toward understanding visibility needs and developing minimum retroreflectivity specifications for different driver groups under different environmental conditions. Research on this topic has been compiled in this RSB in section II: "Wet Night Visibility of Pavement Markings." Increased retroreflectivity performance in wet, night conditions may help to reduce fatalities, but ensuring and defining this improved performance includes a particular set of challenges. For example, "Pavement marking retroreflectivity under wet pavement conditions averaged only 46% of the comparable values under dry pavement conditions. For example, to achieve a wet pavement retroreflectivity of 150 mcd/m2/lux, the marking would need a dry-pavement retroreflectivity of 326 mcd/m2/lux." (Migletz, 2002 pg. 2) Challenges to improving retroreflectivity performance mentioned in recent research include: Type of material and installation methods; Service life, durability and cost of durable materials; Damage to materials by forces such as weather and traffic wear; Setting minimum reflectivity standards (as cited in the MUTCD 2003 and/or by state DOTs); Developing strategies and tools to measure retroreflectivity; Marking and marker installation issues including increasing shortages of skilled workers for installation and maintenance; Location of installation, climate and traffic load on roadway; Funding and standards for maintenance; Many new technologies entering the market, each requiring evaluation; Environmental regulations; Product acceptance and approval; Driver needs (including differing needs based on driver age and time of day); Vehicle type and the visibility concerns of trucks vs. cars. The durability and service life of retroreflective materials is of particular concern because the service life of some pavement markings and markers can be very short (as little as 6 months in some cases). When these markings fail or their reflectivity is reduced drivers experience difficulty seeing the road. (Migletz, 2002). The following organizations have explored the durability or service-life of pavement markers and markings. Their work can be found in section I: "Durability of Retroreflective Pavement Markings, Markers": Texas Transportation Institute (TTI); Virginia Transportation Research Council (VTRC); Federal Highway Administration (FHWA); New Jersey DOT; Alabama DOT; Oregon DOT; Florida DOT; Georgia DOT; Indiana DOT; American Society of Civil Engineers; ARRB Group Ltd. The following organizations have proposed research into retroreflectivity or wet, nighttime driving conditions. Their proposals can be found in this RSB Section III: "Research in Progress": Oregon State University; Iowa State University; Mississippi State University; North Dakota DOT; Pennsylvania DOT. When durable, retroreflective pavement markings are properly selected for a site and installed and maintained correctly they can help drivers navigate in wet night conditions and they have the potential to decrease traffic fatalities. Research, listed in the following pages, provides an overview of current work, but much exploration remains to be done on this complex issue.
Download or read book Uniform Vehicle Code and Model Traffic Ordinance written by National Committee on Uniform Traffic Laws and Ordinances and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Long term Pavement Marking Practices written by James Migletz and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 2002 with total page 165 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 306: Long-Term Pavement Marking Practices documents the current and best practices for managing pavement marking systems, identifies future needs, and addresses driver needs and methods of communicating information to drivers, selection criteria (e.g., reflectivity, pavement service life, wet weather performance), materials (e.g., color, durability, cost), specifications, construction practices, inventory management systems, and more.
Download or read book Pavement Markings and Delineation for Older Drivers written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book State of the art and Objectives of Reflective Raised Pavement Markers written by Roger W. McNees and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Wrong way Driving written by Frank D. Shepard and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The research reported here was undertaken to determine the feasibility of using raised pavement markers on interstate off-ramps in such a configuration that the driver will be alerted as a result of viewing an unexpected phenomenon. The results of this preliminary investigation show that the raised pavement marking system, consisting of a pattern of 45 markers, was effective in alerting drivers and would cause a wrong-way driver to realize his mistake according. Based on the results of this initial phase, it is recommended that the study be expanded by permanently placing raised markers at two or three interchange off-ramps for further study. It is anticipated that this recommendation will be implemented in the near future.
Download or read book Report written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 516 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Guidelines and Recommendations to Accommodate Older Drivers and Pedestrians written by L. K. Staplin and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Intersection Safety Issue Briefs written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book An Assessment of Various Rumble Strip Designs and Pavements Markings Applications for Crosswalks and Work Zones written by Melisa Dayle Finley and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Traffic control devices applied to the pavement can provide a significant amount of information for the driver. The objective of this research was to assess the effectiveness of various pavement marking materials, devices, and treatments that have potential to increase driver awareness and safety. The following pavement marking materials, devices, and treatments were investigated as part of this research project: . yellow-green crosswalk material, . in-roadway warning lights, . fluorescent orange retroreflective raised pavement markers, . "removable" pavement marking paint, and . rumble strips. This report includes recommendations for the application of in-roadway warning lights and rumble strips. Further research is needed on the yellow-green crosswalk material, fluorescent orange retroreflective raised pavement markers, and the "removable" pavement marking paint before application guidelines can be developed.
Download or read book Safety Evaluation of Permanent Raised Pavement Markers written by Geni Brafman Bahar and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 2004 with total page 71 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Report 518: Safety Evaluation of Permanent Raised Pavement Markers examines the safety performance of snowplowable permanent raised pavement markers on two-lane roadways and four-lane freeways"--Publisher's description.
Download or read book Lighting for Driving written by Peter R. Boyce and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2008-12-04 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: By considering vehicle, signal, and road lighting as integrated means of communication, this unique authoritative work explains the thinking and scientific reasoning behind various forms of lighting and analyzes their contribution to the driver's understanding of real and potential road hazards. Attention is also given to how these forms of lighting are likely to evolve in response to the development of new technology and an improved understanding of ergonomics.
