Download or read book Drinking Motives Underlying Internalizing and Externalizing Pathways to Alcohol Misuse in College Students written by Jeanne Elizabeth Savage and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Alcohol misuse, including heavy episodic use and negative consequences, is a major public health concern and a particular problem among college students. The etiology of alcohol misuse is not well resolved, with multiple and often contradictory factors implicated in its development. Genetic factors influence alcohol misuse but few specific genes have been identified. A potential reason for these challenges is that alcohol misuse is phenotypically and genetically heterogeneous; that is, there are multiple causal pathways underlying its development. Previous typologies have suggested that distinct internalizing and externalizing pathways are involved, with corresponding differences in profiles of personality, temperament, and comorbid psychopathology. Drinking motives, specifically drinking for positive reinforcement versus negative reinforcement motives, map intuitively onto such pathways and may provide a mechanism explaining their development. The aim of this project was to utilize drinking motives as intermediate phenotypic measures to investigate genetic and environmental factors contributing to the hypothesized diverging internalizing and externalizing pathways to alcohol misuse in a prospective, longitudinal sample of college students. Mixture modeling approaches identified distinct internalizing and externalizing subgroups with both quantitative and qualitative differences in traits/symptoms. The externalizing subgroup had a broader risk profile and elevated levels of both types of drinking motives, while the internalizing subgroup had specifically elevated levels of internalizing symptoms and negative reinforcement motives. Longitudinal analyses indicated stability of drinking motives throughout college and differential associations between positive/negative reinforcement motives and internalizing, externalizing, and alcohol misuse measures. Cross-lagged structural equation models pointed to a causal direction of effect of positive reinforcement motives on alcohol misuse. Finally, a series of genetic association analyses identified some promising genes and genetic variants underlying drinking motives and internalizing psychopathology, though their genetic etiologies remain largely inconclusive. The results of this project tie together several parallel lines of research on alcohol misuse and in the broader psychiatric genetics field. Findings support the existence of distinct, though not wholly separate, internalizing and externalizing subgroups, and suggest that the intermediate mechanisms of drinking motives are a valuable tool through which to understand these heterogeneous pathways to alcohol misuse.

Download or read book College Student Alcohol Abuse written by Christopher J. Correia and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-09-14 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essential evidence-based strategies for the prevention and reduction of alcohol abuse among college students With contributions from notable substance abuse researchers, this practical guide presents clear strategies for prevention of and interventions for alcohol abuse in the college-age population. Ranging from community-based prevention programs to individual, motivational, and interview-based approaches, College Student Alcohol Abuse explores: The leading theories used to conceptualize college student drinking and related problems, with an emphasis on the clinical implications of each perspective Epidemiology of student drug use including illicit drugs and nonmedical use of prescription drugs The spectrum of empirically supported prevention programs with a focus on best practices and materials How to conduct assessments and create intervention programs for students with substance abuse problems A must-have resource for every college administrator, resident staff member, and addiction counselor who works with this unique population, College Student Alcohol Abuse translates the latest research findings and interventions into clear and evidence-based strategies for assessing and treating college students who are abusing alcohol.

Download or read book Alcohol Use and Misuse by Young Adults written by George S. Howard and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Without doubt abuse of alcohol by college students is a problem of almost epidemic proportions. The academic, personal, and legal ramifications of this problem make it a matter of urgent concern to all collegiate administrators. Alcohol Use and Misuse by Young Adults addresses the latest medical and psychological research in the field of alcohol studies and raises crucial issues regarding alcohol use and abuse among college-aged adults. The contributors examine the key issues, programs, and problems that every college alcohol education/treatment program must consider and their essays reflect the latest empirical data on treatment issues of relevance to substance abuse and dependence in young adults.

Download or read book Alcohol Use Drinking Motivations and Depression Among College Students written by Cameron P. Pugach and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sociotropy and autonomy are two cognitive personality dimensions, or personality styles, that have been implicated in the way individuals may uniquely develop, experience, and respond to treatment for depression. The goal of the current study was to investigate whether these cognitive personality dimensions are differentially related to drinking motivations and alcohol-related behaviors among college students. Participants included 311 college students (Mage = 23.1, 63% male) recruited via Amazon Mechanical Turk. Results partially supported hypothesized relationships showing that generally, those higher in sociotropy were more likely to endorse external motivations for drinking (i.e. social and conformity motives), while those higher in autonomy were more likely to endorse internal motivations for drinking (i.e., coping motives). Moreover, results showed that sociotropy moderated the relationship between social drinking motives and binge drinking, and that gender did not impact this result. In comparison, autonomy moderated the relationship between coping drinking motives and alcohol-related negative consequences, and this relationship varied as a function of gender. Findings provide initial evidence that sociotropy and autonomy are differentially related to student drinking motivations and alcohol-related behaviors. Research that is sensitive to the heterogeneous nature of the development, maintenance, and treatment for depression may yield important treatment implications when considering alcohol misuse among college students.

Download or read book Intervening in Adolescent Problem Behavior written by Thomas J. Dishion and published by Guilford Press. This book was released on 2003-05-22 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a multilevel intervention and prevention program for at-risk adolescents and their families. Grounded in over 15 years of important clinical and developmental research, the Adolescent Transitions Program (ATP) has been nationally recognized as a best practice for strengthening families and reducing adolescent substance use and antisocial behavior. The major focus is to support parents' skills and motivation to reduce adolescent problem behavior and promote success. Spelling out the why, what, and how of this proactive, culturally informed intervention, the volume provides a solid scientific framework and all of the materials needed to implement the program in school or community settings. Included are illustrative case examples and an appendix featuring reproducible handouts and forms.

Download or read book Perceived Norms Alcohol Outcome Expectancies and Collegiate Drinking written by Edward Wahesh and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Hazardous drinking among university students remains a significant public health crisis on college campuses. According to the Core Institute (2012), nearly 44% of college students reported heavy episodic drinking during the previous two weeks. Alcohol use results in numerous problems experienced by college students, including impaired driving and death (Hingson, Zha, & Weitzman, 2009). In response, there has been a call within the literature to develop theoretically derived mediation models to investigate the complex array of variables that influence collegiate drinking behaviors (Baer, 2002; Oei & Morawska, 2004). By examining the multiple pathways of alcohol use, tailored interventions can be designed that target appropriate contributing factors for high-risk drinking groups (Dowdall & Wechsler, 2002). The purpose of this study was to test a model of collegiate drinking comprised of several key determinants of alcohol use: descriptive norms, injunctive norms, positive alcohol outcome expectancies, negative alcohol outcome expectancies, and four types of drinking motives (coping, conformity, social reinforcement, and enhancement). The motivational model of alcohol use (Cox & Klinger, 1988, 2011) was used as a framework for conceptualizing the unique role that each variable played in contributing to drinking outcome variables (alcohol use intensity and alcohol-related negative consequences). It was posited that drinking motives would fully mediate the associations between psychosocial determinants of drinking (social norms and alcohol outcome expectancies) and drinking outcome variables. Path analysis was utilized to examine associations among the variables and to assess the fit of the hypothesized model with a sample of 445 full-time undergraduates between the ages of 18 and 24 years old. A final, revised model accounted for 45% of the variance in both alcohol use intensity and alcohol-related negative consequences. Whereas enhancement drinking motives and social norms variables emerged as important predictors of alcohol use intensity, negative drinking motives acted as key predictors of alcohol-related negative consequences. Results of bootstrapping analyses indicated that drinking motives significantly mediated the indirect relationships between several psychosocial determinants and drinking outcome variables. Multiple group tests of invariance indicated that the revised model was an acceptable fit among male and female students as well as underclassmen and upperclassmen. Several implications for counselors and counselor educators were gleaned from the results. In the future, researchers should design and evaluate targeted interventions that are tailored for college drinkers based on their primary motives for alcohol consumption."--Abstract from author supplied metadata.

Download or read book College Drinking Beliefs Drinking Motives Social Anxiety and Alcohol Consumption in College Students written by Jessica R. Whitley and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Alcohol Use and Depression Among College Students written by Ashley E. Murphy and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this research was to examine the relationship between level of alcohol consumption and depression among undergraduate college students, based on Cooper's Drinking Motives Questionnaire. The results indicate that the frequency of alcohol consumption does not have a significant relation to the prevalence of depression. However, students classified as depressed showed tendency to alleviate negative feelings with alcohol. More studies, focused on specific student populations and at different times of year, are needed.

Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Adolescent Substance Abuse written by Robert A. Zucker and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2019-08-01 with total page 704 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Adolescent substance abuse is the nation's #1 public health problem. It originates out of a developmental era where experimentation with the world is increasingly taking place, and where major changes in physical self and social relationships are taking place. These changes cannot be understood by any one discipline nor can they be described by focusing only on the behavioral and social problems of this age period, the characteristics of normal development, or the pharmacology and addictive potential of specific drugs. They require knowledge of the brain's systems of reward and control, genetics, psychopharmacology, personality, child development, psychopathology, family dynamics, peer group relationships, culture, social policy, and more. Drawing on the expertise of the leading researchers in this field, this Handbook provides the most comprehensive summarization of current knowledge about adolescent substance abuse. The Handbook is organized into eight sections covering the literature on the developmental context of this life period, the epidemiology of adolescent use and abuse, similarities and differences in use, addictive potential, and consequences of use for different drugs; etiology and course as characterized at different levels of mechanistic analysis ranging from the genetic and neural to the behavioural and social. Two sections cover the clinical ramifications of abuse, and prevention and intervention strategies to most effectively deal with these problems. The Handbook's last section addresses the role of social policy in framing the problem, in addressing it, and explores its potential role in alleviating it.

Download or read book Predictors of Alcohol Problems Among College Students written by Dina Olave Wirick and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Alcohol Consumption Drinking Motives Social Anxiety and the College Culture written by Noel A. Crabtree and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Alcohol consumption is a prominent component of the college culture; high-risk consumption may lead to detrimental consequences for the student. Problematic alcohol consumption is linked to sexual assault, drunk driving, vandalism, and other unlawful activities. The degree to which students conform to the perceived social norms of the culture of the campus may impact the amount of alcohol that students consume; perceived social norms are often higher than the actual consumption amounts. Social anxiety may also impact the degree to which students will self-monitor their behavior in order to conform to their perceptions of the drinking norms. Drinking motives may also play a part in the amount and frequency of alcohol consumed, whether it's participating in drinking games during social gatherings, or consuming at the same rate as their peers for social acceptance. The study tested two hypotheses. The first hypothesis states: H1: The relationship between social anxiety and alcohol consumption would be moderated by perceived social norms. The second hypothesis states: H2: The relationship between social anxiety and alcohol consumption would be mediated by the drinking motives of coping and social pressure/conformity. Social anxiety was measured by the Liebowitz Social Anxiety scale (LSAS). The measure for alcohol consumption was based on self-reports for the number of drinks consumed per week. The measure for perceived social norms was the comparisons of the actual number of drinks consumed by the participant pool on average per week, in comparison with the number of drinks that the participant estimates that their peer consumes per week. The measure for social norms/alcohol expectancies and drinking motives was the evaluation of the responses sampled from the CORE Alcohol and Drug Survey and Drinking Motives Questionnaire- Revised (DMQR). The results indicated that the students who overestimated the alcohol consumption of their peers reported lower levels of alcohol consumption. Perceived social norms did not moderate the relationship between social anxiety and alcohol consumption. There was no significance found in the mediation of either of the drinking motives in the relationship between social anxiety and alcohol consumption.

Download or read book Sensation Seeking Drinking Motives and Perceived Norms as Mediators of the Association Between College Major and Drinking Patterns written by Emily Ann Voelkel and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 95 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excessive drinking on college campuses has been investigated extensively in psychological literature. While some studies suggest that business students are consuming alcohol at higher rates than students in other majors, there is a lack of research exploring mechanisms that account for this consumption difference. The focus of this study was to determine to what extent the following variables mediated the relationship between choice of major and drinking behavior: drinking motives, perceived drinking norms for that major, primary psychopathy, and sensation seeking. A total of 169 undergraduate students completed survey packets assessing the following: alcohol consumption (e.g., binge drinking frequency, drinking frequency, and drinking problems), trait anxiety, sensation seeking tendencies, perceived drinking norms, psychopathy, social desirability, and professed motives behind their alcohol consumption. The initial MANCOVA revealed a nonsignificant omnibus F, technically precluding exploration of the subsequent univariate ANOVAs. However, for teaching purposes as well as to explore directions for future research, the complete proposed analyses were conducted. Thus, the results of this study should be interpreted with caution. The first set of univariate ANOVA results indicated that business students and arts and sciences students only significantly differed from each other in binge drinking frequency. Contrary to hypotheses, the results revealed that drinking motives, sensation seeking tendencies, and primary psychopathy did not mediate the relationship between choice of major and binge drinking frequency. The results did indicate that perceived drinking norms for that major fully mediated the relationship between choice of major and binge drinking frequency. Business students may engage in binge drinking more frequently than arts and sciences students due to the perceived drinking norms within their major. That is, while business students did report engaging in binge drinking more frequently, they may also be overestimating the actual amount of alcohol others in their major consume. Therefore, they might consume more alcohol themselves in order to match their perceptions. Although the above results should be interpreted with caution, the treatment and prevention implications include education concerning perceived versus actual drinking norms on college campuses as well as treatment focused on changing the culture surrounding alcohol consumption for business majors.

Download or read book Handbook of Psychological Assessment in Primary Care Settings written by Mark E. Maruish and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-04-21 with total page 1076 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second edition Handbook of Psychological Assessment in Primary Care Settings offers an overview of the application of psychological screening and assessment instruments in primary care settings. This indispensable reference addresses current psychological assessment needs and practices in primary care settings to inform psychologists, behavioral health clinicians, and primary care providers the clinical benefits that can result from utilizing psychological assessment and other behavioral health care services in primary care settings.

Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Substance Use and Substance Use Disorders written by Kenneth J. Sher and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016-07-13 with total page 656 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Substance use and substance use disorders (SUDs) have been documented in a number of cultures since the beginnings of recorded time and represent major societal concerns in the present day. The Oxford Handbook of Substance Use and Substance Use Disorders provides comprehensive reviews of key areas of inquiry into the fundamental nature of substance use and SUDs, their features, causes, consequences, course, treatment, and prevention. It is clear that understanding these various aspects of substance use and SUDs requires a multidisciplinary perspective that considers the pharmacology of drugs of abuse, genetic variation in these acute and chronic effects, and psychological processes in the context of the interpersonal and cultural contexts. Comprising two volumes, this Handbook also highlights a range of opportunities and challenges facing those interested in the basic understanding of the nature of these phenomena and novel approaches to assess, prevent, and treat these conditions with the goal of reducing the enormous burden these problems place on our global society. Chapters in Volume 1 cover the historical and cultural contexts of substance use and its consequences, its epidemiology and course, etiological processes from the perspective of neuropharmacology, genetics, personality, development, motivation, and the interpersonal and larger social environment. Chapters in Volume 2 cover major health and social consequences of substance involvement, psychiatric comorbidity, assessment, and interventions. Each chapter highlights key issues in the respective topic area and raises unanswered questions for future research. All chapters are authored by leading scholars in each topic. The level of coverage is sufficiently deep to be of value to both trainees and established scientists and clinicians interested in an evidenced-based approach.

Download or read book Neurobiology of Alcohol Dependence written by Antonio Noronha and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-05-02 with total page 573 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent scientific advances have provided substantial information on the brain circuits and pathways relevant to various aspects of dependence. Neurobiology of Alcohol Dependence highlights the most recent data at the molecular, cellular, neurocircuitry, and behavioral levels, fostering an understanding how neuroplasticity and neuroadaptation occur, and how different neural pathways and neurocircuits contribute to dependence. Highlights recent advances in understanding alcohol addiction from molecular, cellular, neurocircuitry, and behavioral levels Integrates several emerging areas of research and discusses the application of novel research techniques to the understanding of alcohol dependence Chapters authored by leaders in the field around the globe — the broadest, most expert coverage available

Download or read book Underage Drinking written by Philippe De Witte and published by Presses univ. de Louvain. This book was released on 2012-12-15 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the extent of underage drinking across Europe and North America, as well as our current understanding of factors that increase the risk of this behaviour and potentially effective evidence-based approaches to prevent underage drinking.

Download or read book Children of Alcoholics written by Kenneth J. Sher and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 1991-10-08 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study offers a comprehensive, critical look at what is known and not known about children of alcoholics, and also constructs a model for assessing existing theory and introducing new methodological rigor into this field.