Download or read book Drag Reduction of Degraded and Blended Polymer Solutions written by Thomas T. Huang and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A 3.18-cm-ID smooth turbulent flow pipe facility was utilized to measure the drag-reduction characteristics of three polymer solutions: Polyox WSR-301, Separan 237, and Magnifloc 835A. A rotating disk was used to degrade the polymer solutions, and accurate control was maintained over the energy used to agitate (shear degrade) them. Quantitative data were obtained on the relationship between degradation and drag reduction for these three polymers and for blended solutions prepared by mixing two different polymers in various proportions.
Download or read book Applied Mechanics Reviews written by and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 1572 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Drag Reduction written by Herbert Simon Stephens and published by Bhra Fluid Engineering. This book was released on 1977 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Selected Water Resources Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 1216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book NBS Special Publication written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Drag Reduction and Degradation Effects of a Polymer Solution written by D. J. Harris and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Drag Reduction Degradation of Dilute Polymer Solutions in Turbulent Tube Flow written by Nicholas D. Sylvester and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 67 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drag reduction degradation characteristics of Separan AP30 are reported. A recycle tube flow experiment was used to investigate this property of drag reducing polymer solutions. Experimental pressure gradient and flow rate measurements were made as a function of time. From this data, friction factor- time plots on log-log coordinates were constructed, all of which exhibited three distinct regions which are discussed. Correlations are presented relating the process time in which maximum drag reduction exists, and the process time in which significant drag reduction exists, to the polymeric and system flow variables.
Download or read book The Effect of Polymer Structure on Drag Reduction in Nonpolar Solvents written by Gin Chain Liaw and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The effects of polymer chain flexibility, molecular weight and entanglement capacity, and of polymer solution concentration on drag reduction in nonpolar solvents were studied in this investigation. Three samples of polydimethyl siloxane in toluene, five samples of polyethylene oxide in benzene, two samples of cis-polyisoprene in toluene, trans-polyisoprene in toluene, cis-polybutadiene in toluene, ethyl cellulose in toluene and a copolymer of epichlorohydrin and polyethylene oxide in toluene were studied. Molecular weights of all polymers were estimated from intrinsic viscosity, except for the molecular weight of the copolymer which was given by the manufacturer. Turbulent and laminar flow pressure drop data were obtained in four capillary tubes (0.107, 0.0642, 0.0328 and 0.0104 inch ID) for all the polymer-solvent systems. Turbulent flow pressure drop data for some of the above polymer-solvent systems were also obtained in the pipe flow unit (2.0, 1.0 and 0.51 inch ID). For a given tube, at lower concentrations the normal transition region appeared between laminar and turbulent regions; as the concentration increased, the transition tended to disappear. At constant solution concentration, the transition region tended to disappear as the tube diameter decreased ... Correlations were obtained for estimating the amount of drag reduction for "dilute" and "concentration" solutions. Both correlations were tested with the polymer-solvent systems studied in this investigation and with data obtained from literature ... The effect of degradation on drag reduction was more noticeable at lower concentrations than at higher concentrations. This suggests that the absolute rate of molecular degradation may have been approximately the same for all concentrations of any polymer whose wall shear stresses (or shear rates) were of the same magnitude at any given flow rate. In the dilute solutions a significant number of the effective molecules were degraded while in the more concentrated solutions, the same amount of degradation had a much smaller effect on the drag reducing capacity of the solutions"--Abstract, leaves i-iii.
Download or read book Polymer Physics written by Leszek A. Utracki and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-02-14 with total page 677 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Providing a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art advanced research in the field, Polymer Physics explores the interrelationships among polymer structure, morphology, and physical and mechanical behavior. Featuring contributions from renowned experts, the book covers the basics of important areas in polymer physics while projecting into the future, making it a valuable resource for students and chemists, chemical engineers, materials scientists, and polymer scientists as well as professionals in related industries.
Download or read book Turbulent Drag Reduction by Polymers Surfactants and Their Mixtures in Pipeline Flow written by Ali Asghar Mohsenipour and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lthough extensive research work has been carried out on the drag reduction behavior of polymers and surfactants alone, little progress has been made on the synergistic effects of combined polymers and surfactants. A number of studies have demonstrated that certain types of polymers and surfactants interact with each other to form surfactant-polymer complexes. The formation of such complexes can cause changes in the solution properties and may result in better drag reduction characteristics as compared with pure additives. A series of drag-reducing surfactants and polymers were screened for the synergistic studies. The following two widely used polymeric drag reducing agents (DRA) were chosen: a copolymer of acrylamide and sodium acrylate (referred to as PAM) and polyethylene oxide (PEO). Among the different types of surfactants screened, a cationic surfactant octadecyltrimethylammonium chloride (OTAC) and an anionic surfactant Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) were selected for the synergistic study. In the case of the cationic surfactant OTAC, sodium salicylate (NaSal) was used as a counterion. No counterion was used with anionic surfactant SDS. The physical properties such as viscosity, surface tension and electrical conductivity were measured in order to detect any interaction between the polymer and the surfactant. The drag reduction (DR) ability of both pure and mixed additives was investigated in a pipeline flow loop. The effects of different parameters such as additive concentration, type of water (deionized (DI) or tap), temperature, tube diameter, and mechanical degradation were investigated. The addition of OTAC to PAM solution has a significant effect on the properties of the system. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) of the mixed surfactant-polymer system is found to be different from that of the surfactant alone. The anionic PAM chains collapse upon the addition of cationic OTAC and a substantial decrease in the viscosity occurs. The pipeline flow behaviour of PAM/OTAC mixtures is found to be consistent with the bench scale results. The drag reduction ability of PAM is reduced upon the addition of OTAC. At low concentrations of PAM, the effect of OTAC on the drag reduction behavior is more pronounced. The drag reduction behavior of polymer solutions is strongly influenced by the nature of water (de-ionized or tap). The addition of OTAC to PEO solution exhibited a week interaction based on the viscosity and surface tension measurements. However, the pipeline results showed a considerable synergistic effect, that is, the mixed system gave a significantly higher drag reduction (lower friction factors) as compared with the pure additives (pure polymer or pure surfactant). The synergistic effect in the mixed system was stronger at low polymer concentrations and high surfactant concentrations. Also the resistance against mechanical degradation of the additive was improved upon the addition of OTAC to PEO. The mixed PEO/SDS system exhibited a strong interaction between the polymers (PEO) and the surfactant (SDS), Using electrical conductivity and surface tension measurements, the critical aggregation concentration (CAC) and the polymer saturation point (PSP) were determined. As the PEO concentration is increased, the CAC decreases and the PSP increase. The addition of SDS to the PEO solution exhibits a remarkable increase in the relative viscosity compared to the pure PEO solution. This increase is attributed to the changes in the hydrodynamic radius of the polymer coil. The pipeline flow exhibited a considerable increase in DR for the mixed system as compared to the pure PEO solution. The addition of surfactant always improves the extent of DR up to the PSP. Also the mixed PEO/ SDS system shows better resistance against shear degradation of the additive.
Download or read book Ship Motions and Drag Reduction written by Johannes Krzywinski Lunde and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 1182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Drag Reduction and Mechnical Degradation of Dilute Polymer Solutions in High Shear Turbulent Flow written by and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Hydraulic Research in the United States and Canada 1976 written by Pauline H. Gurewitz and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Drag Reduction in Polymer Solutions written by American Institute of Chemical Engineers and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Handbook of Applied Polymer Processing Technology written by Nicholas P. Cheremisinoff and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-10-07 with total page 808 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Offers detailed coverage of applied polymer processing--presenting a wide range of technologies and furnishing state-of-the-art data on polymer components, properties, and processibility. Reviews fundamental rheological concepts. Contains over 1600 bibliographic citations, some 450 equations, and over 400 tables, drawings, and photographs."
Download or read book Selected Water Resources Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 740 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
