Download or read book Domino Effects in the Process Industries written by Genserik Reniers and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2013-07-08 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Domino Effects in the Process Industries discusses state-of-the-art theories, conceptual models, insights and practical issues surrounding large-scale knock-on accidents—so-called domino effects—in the chemical and process industries. The book treats such extremely low-frequency phenomena from a technological perspective, studying possible causes and introducing several approaches to assess and control the risks of these scenarios. The authors also examine these events from a managerial viewpoint, discussing single and multi-plant management insights and requirements to take pro-active measures to prevent such events. Academics, regulators, and industrialists who study and analyze domino effects in order to prevent such events will find the book unique and highly valuable. - Outlines available methods in analyzing these events, aiding understanding of the accidents and their causes - Covers current modelling, control and management tactics of domino effects, -facilitating prevention - Identifies areas where new research is needed
Download or read book Domino Effects in the Process Industries written by Valerio Cozzani and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-07-08 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Domino effects may cause more severe accident scenarios in the chemical and process industries. An introduction is given to the context and state of the art of technical and scientific knowledge concerning accident scenarios where domino effect(s) took place, as well as to European regulations on the subject. The specific context of chemical clusters with respect to safety and security assessment when dealing with domino scenarios is also introduced.
Download or read book Dynamic Risk Assessment and Management of Domino Effects and Cascading Events in the Process Industry written by Valerio Cozzani and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-06-08 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dynamic Risk Assessment and Management of Domino Effects and Cascading Events in the Process Industry provides insights into emerging and state-of-the-art methods for the dynamic assessment of risk and safety barrier performance in the framework of domino effect risk management. The book presents methods and tools to manage the risk of cascading events involving the chemical and process industry. It is an ideal reference for both safety and security managers, industrial risk stakeholders, scientists and practitioners. In addition, laymen may find the state-of-the-art methods concerning domino effects (large-scale accidents) and how to prevent their propagation an interesting topic of study. - Includes dynamic hazard and risk assessment methods - Presents methods for safety barrier performance assessment - Addresses the effect of harsh environment on domino risk assessment - Relates physical security in relation to domino effects - Includes innovative methods and tools
Download or read book Domino Effects in the Process Industries written by Alessandro Tugnoli and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-07-08 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Risk-based design has an important role in the inherent prevention of domino effect, limiting the possibility of escalation by both physical distances between units and introduction of robust safety barriers. In this chapter, the role of design in reducing domino hazard has been explored. Layout definition was identified as a key factor for the prevention of escalation. Threshold values for escalation to be used in design activities were defined. Thus, criteria for the assessment of appropriate safety distances were developed and implemented in layout design. The integration of different strategies in accident mitigation was identified as the key in achieving safer plants with respect to domino accidents. Since conceptual tools alone frequently fail in solving the tradeoffs related to the conflicting needs in the design improvement, inherent safety metrics were introduced to support design activities.
Download or read book Domino Effects in the Process Industries written by Valerio Cozzani and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-07-08 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The assessment of hazards related to domino accidents is an important issue in the safety analysis of an industrial site. Several methodologies exist and different levels of detail may be used in the analysis. The present section provides a framework and a classification of the available techniques that may be used for domino assessment. Three approaches having a different level of detail are outlined and linked to needs and/or specific phases of process safety assessment. Criteria for the selection of the most appropriate approach are also discussed.
Download or read book Domino Effects in the Process Industries written by Genserik Reniers and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-07-08 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first step in the assessment of domino accident scenarios is the definition of the basic elements of escalation resulting in a domino effect. In the present chapter, the fundamental elements of a domino accident are discussed. A generic and unambiguous definition for “domino effect” is provided, taking into consideration a myriad of definitions for the term that have been suggested since 1984. An approach is elaborated and discussed to allow drafting a comprehensive and full-scale categorization of events that may constitute a domino accident. The concepts of propagation and escalation are clarified. The possibility of simple, multiple-level and parallel propagation are introduced and discussed. A framework for the quantitative assessment of domino scenarios is provided.
Download or read book Domino Effects in the Process Industries written by Bahman Abdolhamidzadeh and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-07-08 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nowadays the application of decision support systems (DSSs) in process safety is more important than ever. The use of DSS for preventing domino effects is one of the diverse applications of these computer-automated toolkits. Different software packages were developed in recent years, each trying to manage domino risk by a specific approach. In this chapter, the definition, architecture, benefits and essential characteristics of DSS toolkits are described. The application, scope, approach, technical features, advantages, shortcomings and limitations of all the available computerized tools and software packages presented up to now for managing domino effect are then discussed and analyzed thoroughly. Finally, a framework for an integrated DSS to prevent domino effects based on all existing advancements and potential possibilities for improvement is introduced.
Download or read book Domino Effects in the Process Industries written by Gabriele Landucci and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-07-08 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The analysis of domino escalation scenarios is a complex task. The use of advanced distributed parameter models may provide a significant contribution to domino effect escalation assessment. Nevertheless, this approach requires a detailed description of equipment geometry and the characterization of the primary scenarios leading to the escalation. This chapter is aimed at presenting the potentialities of the distributed parameters codes for the specific assessment of domino accidents triggered by fire and overpressure by the analysis of specific case studies.
Download or read book Domino Effects in the Process Industries written by Joaquim Casal and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-07-08 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The diverse historical surveys on accidents involving domino effect have been analyzed to identify their significance and their most important features. From these data, the importance of domino effect among all accidents in the process industry and in the transportation of hazardous materials has been highlighted. The characteristics of this type of accidents have been studied with a statistical approach: origin and causes of domino effect, materials most frequently involved and effects and consequences of accidents. The significance of the diverse domino sequences have been assessed by using the relative probability event tree. Finally, four relevant cases have been discussed, corresponding to the following initiating events: two vapor cloud explosions (Buncefield, 2005 and Naples, 1985), one jet fire (Valero, 2007) and one accident associated with dust explosion.
Download or read book Domino Effects in the Process Industries written by Gabriele Landucci and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-07-08 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Escalation triggered by fires resulting in domino scenarios was the cause of severe accidents in the process industry. As a matter of fact, the catastrophic failure of process equipment, both pressurized and atmospheric, may be induced by the heat-up due to the exposure to accidental fires, leading to the loss of containment of hazardous materials. In this chapter, the behavior of equipment exposed to accidental fire will be investigated in order to identify the fundamental mechanisms underlying the failure of vessels exposed to fire. In particular, both simplified tools and detailed models for the assessment of the performance of vessels involved in fires will be discussed. The final aim is to provide methods for the quantitative assessment of domino hazards caused by accidental fires, and for the application of both passive and active strategies for the control and reduction of the risk associated with incident escalation triggered by fire.
Download or read book Domino Effects in the Process Industries written by Ernesto Salzano and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-07-08 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explosions produce pressure waves which expand in the atmosphere. When impacting industrial equipment, domino effects may be caused if the equipment content is flammable or toxic. A detailed analysis of these scenarios requires complex computational tecniques based on finite element analysis. Simplified methodologies have been developed in the past years for land use planning and quantitative risk assessment. These approaches are based on the definition of probability functions and threshold values for the occurrence of loss of containment from damaged systems and rely on the prediction of peak overpressure with respect to distance from the explosion source and on the structural category of the target equipment.
Download or read book Domino Effects in the Process Industries written by Valerio Cozzani and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-07-08 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Escalation thresholds are widely used as a baseline approach to the assessment of the hazard posed by domino scenarios. These should be intended as conservative values of physical effects (thermal radiation, maximum overpressure, etc.) below which the escalation is deemed not credible. This chapter deals with this preliminary approach to domino hazard assessment, revising the values provided in the literature for escalation thresholds and providing suggested values based on recent results obtained in the revision of past accident data and in the modeling of equipment damage.
Download or read book Domino Effects in the Process Industries written by Valerio Cozzani and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-07-08 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The complexity of domino scenarios represented a considerable obstacle to the quantitative assessment of risk posed by escalation events. In the present chapter, the state of the art concerning quantitative approaches proposed for the assessment of risk caused by domino accidents is summarized. A procedure for the quantitative risk assessment of domino accidents, suitable for the calculation of individual and societal risk indexes, is outlined. Alternative approaches proposed for the quantitative assessment of domino effects, based on Bayesian techniques and Monte Carlo simulations, are also described.
Download or read book Domino Effects in the Process Industries Fostering Innovative Approaches and Advancing the State of the art written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Domino Effects in the Process Industries written by Alessandro Tugnoli and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-07-08 with total page 49 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fragments projected by equipment failures are a relevant cause of escalation leading to domino accidents. The patterns underlying this escalation mechanism were revised in detail. The fundamental phenomena available to cope with the three main steps of the phenomena (fragment formation, fragment ejection and flight, and damage from fragment impact on a target) were analyzed in detail. Models available for the calculation of escalation probability due to fragments are reported and their potentialities and limitations are discussed.
Download or read book Domino Effects in the Process Industries written by Valerio Cozzani and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-07-08 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Blast waves, fires and fragment projection are by far the most common causes of escalation leading to domino accidents. The present chapter deals with less-frequent and more controversial domino scenarios: domino events due to indirect escalation and external events. Indirect causes of escalation, even if not frequent, may be extremely important since they are likely to be overlooked, in particular in complex industrial clusters. External hazard factors can also cause severe domino accidents. Natural events or intentional malicious acts of interference can escalate to cause severe domino events. The present chapter focuses on these particular causes of escalations, aiming to provide an approach for the assessment of these specific domino scenarios.
Download or read book Advances in Industrial Safety written by Faisal I. Khan and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-09-18 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the proceedings of the International Conference on Health, Safety, Fire, Environment, and Allied Sciences. It highlights latest developments in the field of science and technology aimed at improving health and safety in the workplace. The volume comprises content from leading scientists, engineers, and policy makers discussing issues relating to industrial safety, fire hazards and their management in industry, forests and other settings. Also dealt with are issues of occupational health in engineering, process and agricultural industry and protection against incidents of arson and terror attacks. The contents of this volume will be of interest to researchers, practitioners, and policy makers alike.
