Download or read book DNA Replication The Regulatory Mechanisms written by Patrick Hughes and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 429 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: DNA replication is a key event in the cell cycle. Although our knowledge is far from complete and many elusive regulatory mechanisms still remain beyondour grasp, many enzymes and a multiplicity of biochemical mechanisms involved have been discovered. Recent findings in E. coli have confirmed and yet surpassed the original hypothesis of F. Jacob. In yeast and higher eucaryotes, the apparent redundancy in putative origins and initiators has made an estimation of the importance of each identified element difficult to access. In spite of well established methodologies - which are also described in the book - the origin identification in mammalian chromosomes is still a controversial subject. On the other hand, considerable advances have been made in our understanding of virus DNA replication and this continues to deepen and broaden our understanding of the controls of cellular DNA replication.
Download or read book Molecular Biology of the Cell written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book DNA Replication The Regulatory Mechanisms written by Patrick Hughes and published by Springer. This book was released on 1992-03-20 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: DNA replication is a key event in the cell cycle. Although our knowledge is far from complete and many elusive regulatory mechanisms still remain beyondour grasp, many enzymes and a multiplicity of biochemical mechanisms involved have been discovered. Recent findings in E. coli have confirmed and yet surpassed the original hypothesis of F. Jacob. In yeast and higher eucaryotes, the apparent redundancy in putative origins and initiators has made an estimation of the importance of each identified element difficult to access. In spite of well established methodologies - which are also described in the book - the origin identification in mammalian chromosomes is still a controversial subject. On the other hand, considerable advances have been made in our understanding of virus DNA replication and this continues to deepen and broaden our understanding of the controls of cellular DNA replication.
Download or read book Mechanism and Regulation of DNA Replication written by Alan Kolber and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 457 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 1 - Chromosome Replication in Procaryotes.- Enzymatic Aspects of Chromosome Replication in E. coli.- Escherichia coli DNA Polymerase II and III.- Initiation of DNA Synthesis.- In vitro Replication of DNA.- The Role of ATP in Chromosome Replication Studied in Toluenized Escherichia coli.- Membrane Protein Components and DNA Synthesis in Escherichia coli.- A Possible Common Role for DNA Polymerase I and Exonuclease V in Escherichia coli.- The Joining of DNA Duplexes at Their Base-Paired Ends.- The Attachment of the Bacterial Chromosome to the Cell Membrane.- DNA Replication in Bacteriophage and.
Download or read book The Regulation of DNA Replication and Transcription written by Mirko Beljanski, PhD and published by Demos Medical Publishing. This book was released on 2013-03-26 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Regulation of DNA Replication and Transcription explores basic processes of DNA replication and transcription in an effort to identify the mechanisms responsible for the release of genetic information and its role in the regulation of cellular events. Concerned with discovering the fundamental concept that might integrate and explain the wide range of existing lines of evidence, the author reports and interprets the results of experiments conducted in an impressive range of biological systems. Focused on complex mechanisms at the biochemical level, these studies allow analysis of the pathways involved when cells, organs and animal systems react to various trigger molecules derived from both living cells and exogenous sources. These include hormones, RNA, RNA fragments, alkaloids, actinomycin D, and phorbol esters, as well as chemical carcinogens and drugs. Comnining the results of these studies with his own extensive work in this field, the author is able to formulate a uniquely integrative biochemical model for the gene expression, demonstrating that both biological and chemically synthesized molecules can trigger the differential release of information from the DNA and thus influence cell transformation. Apart from its academic significance, the model offers high potential assistance in the search for ways to induce or control the expression of certain genes and, moreover, to promote differentiation of given cells in vitro as well as in situ.
Download or read book DNA Replication written by Hisao Masai and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-01-22 with total page 581 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reviews the latest trends and future directions of DNA replication research. The contents reflect upon the principles that have been established through the genetic and enzymatic studies of bacterial, viral, and cellular replication during the past decades. The book begins with a historical overview of the studies on eukaryotic DNA replication by Professor Thomas Kelly, a pioneer of the field. The following chapters include genome-wide studies of replication origins and initiation factor binding, as well as the timing of DNA replications, mechanisms of initiation, DNA chain elongation and termination of DNA replication, the structural basis of functions of protein complexes responsible for execution of DNA replication, cell cycle-dependent regulation of DNA replication, the nature of replication stress and cells’ strategy to deal with the stress, and finally how all these phenomena are interconnected to genome instability and development of various diseases. By reviewing the existing concepts ranging from the old principles to the newest ideas, the book gives readers an opportunity to learn how the classical replication principles are now being modified and new concepts are being generated to explain how genome DNA replication is achieved with such high adaptability and plasticity. With the development of new methods including cryoelectron microscopy analyses of huge protein complexes, single molecular analyses of initiation and elongation of DNA replication, and total reconstitution of eukaryotic DNA replication with purified factors, the field is enjoying one of its most exciting moments, and this highly timely book conveys that excitement to all interested readers.
Download or read book Systems Biology of Cancer written by Sam Thiagalingam and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-04-09 with total page 597 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An overview of the current systems biology-based knowledge and the experimental approaches for deciphering the biological basis of cancer.
Download or read book DNA Replication Recombination and Repair written by Fumio Hanaoka and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-01-22 with total page 548 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a comprehensive review of the detailed molecular mechanisms of and functional crosstalk among the replication, recombination, and repair of DNA (collectively called the "3Rs") and the related processes, with special consciousness of their biological and clinical consequences. The 3Rs are fundamental molecular mechanisms for organisms to maintain and sometimes intentionally alter genetic information. DNA replication, recombination, and repair, individually, have been important subjects of molecular biology since its emergence, but we have recently become aware that the 3Rs are actually much more intimately related to one another than we used to realize. Furthermore, the 3R research fields have been growing even more interdisciplinary, with better understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying other important processes, such as chromosome structures and functions, cell cycle and checkpoints, transcriptional and epigenetic regulation, and so on. This book comprises 7 parts and 21 chapters: Part 1 (Chapters 1–3), DNA Replication; Part 2 (Chapters 4–6), DNA Recombination; Part 3 (Chapters 7–9), DNA Repair; Part 4 (Chapters 10–13), Genome Instability and Mutagenesis; Part 5 (Chapters 14–15), Chromosome Dynamics and Functions; Part 6 (Chapters 16–18), Cell Cycle and Checkpoints; Part 7 (Chapters 19–21), Interplay with Transcription and Epigenetic Regulation. This volume should attract the great interest of graduate students, postdoctoral fellows, and senior scientists in broad research fields of basic molecular biology, not only the core 3Rs, but also the various related fields (chromosome, cell cycle, transcription, epigenetics, and similar areas). Additionally, researchers in neurological sciences, developmental biology, immunology, evolutionary biology, and many other fields will find this book valuable.
Download or read book DNA Replication Control in Microbial Cell Factories written by Monika Glinkowska and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-09-23 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work describes the current knowledge of biochemical mechanisms regulating initiation of DNA replication in Escherichia coli, which focuses on the control of activity of the DnaA protein. Examples of direct linkages between DNA replication and other cellular processes are provided. In addition, similarities of the mechanisms of regulation of DNA replication operating in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are identified, and implications for understanding more complex processes, like carcinogenesis are suggested. Studies of recent years provided evidence that regulation of DNA replication in bacteria is more complex than previously anticipated. Multiple layers of control seem to ensure coordination of this process with the increase of cellular mass and the division cycle. Metabolic processes and membrane composition may serve as points where integration of genome replication with growth conditions occurs. It is also likely that coupling of DNA synthesis with cellular metabolism may involve interactions of replication proteins with other macromolecular complexes, responsible for various cellular processes. Thus, the exact set of factors participating in triggering the replication initiation may differ depending on growth conditions. Therefore, understanding the regulation of DNA duplication requires placing this process in the context of the current knowledge on bacterial metabolism, as well as cellular and chromosomal structure. Moreover, in both Escherichia coli and eukaryotic cells, replication initiator proteins were shown to play other roles in addition to driving the assembly of replication complexes, which constitutes another, yet not sufficiently understood, layer of coordinating DNA replication with the cell cycle.
Download or read book Fundamental Aspects of DNA Replication written by Jelena Kusic-Tisma and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2011-09-26 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: DNA replication, the process of copying one double stranded DNA molecule to produce two identical copies, is at the heart of cell proliferation. This book highlights new insights into the replication process in eukaryotes, from the assembly of pre-replication complex and features of DNA replication origins, through polymerization mechanisms, to propagation of epigenetic states. It also covers cell cycle control of replication initiation and includes the latest on mechanisms of replication in prokaryotes. The association between genome replication and transcription is also addressed. We hope that readers will find this book interesting, helpful and inspiring.
Download or read book Cell Cycle Control written by Tim Humphrey and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-02-04 with total page 405 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fundamental question of how cells grow and divide has perplexed biologists since the development of the cell theory in the mid-19th century, when it was recognized by Virchow and others that “all cells come from cells.” In recent years, considerable effort has been applied to the identification of the basic molecules and mechanisms that regulate the cell cycle in a number of different organisms. Such studies have led to the elucidation of the central paradigms that underpin eukaryotic cell cycle control, for which Lee Hartwell, Tim Hunt, and Paul Nurse were jointly awarded the Nobel Prize for Medicine and Physiology in 2001 in recognition of their seminal contributions to this field. The importance of understanding the fundamental mechanisms that modulate cell division has been reiterated by relatively recent discoveries of links between cell cycle control and DNA repair, growth, cellular metabolism, development, and cell death. This new phase of integrated cell cycle research provides further challenges and opportunities to the biological and medical worlds in applying these basic concepts to understanding the etiology of cancer and other proliferative diseases.
Download or read book DNA Replication and the Cell Cycle written by Gesellschaft für Biologische Chemie. Colloquium and published by Springer. This book was released on 1993 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provided here is an easily accessible introduction to the mechanisms of DNA replication, regulation and the biochemistry of cell cycle control. An overview of this rapidly developing field is presented to orient the reader, followed by a series of contributions by leading researchers summarizing recent results on selected topics, such as protein phosporylation, tumor suppressor genes, and signal transduction in prokaryotic and eucaryotic systems. The reader will gain an overview of our current understanding of DNA replication and the cell cycle, and a selection of useful recent references for further reading.
Download or read book DNA Replication written by Stephen D. Bell and published by Cold Spring Harbor Perspective. This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "A subject collection from Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in biology."
Download or read book The Mechanisms of DNA Replication written by David Stuart and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2013-02-20 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: DNA replication is a fundamental part of the life cycle of all organisms. Not surprisingly many aspects of this process display profound conservation across organisms in all domains of life. The chapters in this volume outline and review the current state of knowledge on several key aspects of the DNA replication process. This is a critical process in both normal growth and development and in relation to a broad variety of pathological conditions including cancer. The reader will be provided with new insights into the initiation, regulation, and progression of DNA replication as well as a collection of thought provoking questions and summaries to direct future investigations.
Download or read book Unique Regulatory Mechanisms for DNA Replication and Genome Maintenance in Mammals written by Chen-hua Chuang and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 131 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: DNA replication is a fundamental process in all organisms. Using single stranded DNA (ssDNA) as a template, DNA polymerase synthesizes new DNA to produce an exact copy of the genome. However, most DNA polymerases lack the ability to unwind the double stranded DNA (dsDNA) necessary to expose ssDNA [1]. Therefore, an additional DNA helicase is required to initiate DNA replication by unwinding dsDNA and exposure of ssDNA as a template. In eukaryotes, genetic and biochemical assays have shown the MCM (minichromosome maintenance) family of proteins functions in a hexameric complex as the genomic DNA replication helicase [2]. MCMs have been well studied through in vitro biochemistry, cells in culture, and simple model organisms including S. cerevisiea and Xenopus laevis. These experimentally tractable systems have shown that misrelated or dysfunctional MCMs have deleterious consequences, especially genomic instability (GIN). However, there are still several major unresolved issues that need to be addressed. (1) The "MCM paradox" described that the MCMs are in excess of the number of origins. What is the function of these excess MCMs, and how does it relate to cells and animals? (2) The "MCM puzzle" indicates that mini-MCM complexes exist, but their functions are still unclear (3) Very little is known about the function of the MCM helicase with respect to the health of whole animals. To accomplish these issues and explore the relationship between MCMs and disease, I generated mice deficient in MCMs as a model of in vivo disease in this thesis. The mice which carry 50% reduction of Mcm2, 3, 4, 6, and 7 is phenotypically identical to wild-type at least through 1 year of age. Further reduction of Mcms to 70% causes several detrimental phenotypes, including embryonic lethality, growth retardation, genomic instability, and cancer susceptibility. Most importantly, the reduction of MCM3 rescues most of the detrimental phenotypes in other MCM deficient mice, suggesting a unique function of MCM3. Highly similar to in vitro results, I showed that the MCM3/5 dimer inhibits the MCM2-7 complex from binding chromatin and hinders cell cycle. I also discovered that the Mcm4Chaos3 mutation induces a pan-downregulation of Mcm2-7 post-transcriptionally. The pan-down regulation of Mcm2-7 is a self-preservation mechanism because it reduces MCM3 levels that block the recruitment of chromatin bound MCM2-7. Finally, I identified that Mcm hypomorphic mice possess a unique gender bias phenotype. The male animals are more resistant to MCM insufficiency due to a testosterone protective effect. In summary, this dissertation explores the function of the excess MCMs in aspects of cell cycle and in whole animals. It builds understanding about the regulation of MCMs with emphasis upon cancer formation as a result of MCM deficiency. The MCM hypomorphic mice also reveal a post-transcriptional regulation of Mcms that responded to helicase complex instability or insufficiency. The unique negative function of the MCM3/5 dimer overturns the current theory that the MCM2-7 heterohexamer is the only type of replication helicase that forms.
Download or read book Molecular Themes in DNA Replication written by Lynne Suzanne Cox and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2009 with total page 467 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by leading experts, this learned but accessible book highlights the latest work on eukaryotic DNA replication.
Download or read book Concepts of Biology written by Samantha Fowler and published by . This book was released on 2023-05-12 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Black & white print. Concepts of Biology is designed for the typical introductory biology course for nonmajors, covering standard scope and sequence requirements. The text includes interesting applications and conveys the major themes of biology, with content that is meaningful and easy to understand. The book is designed to demonstrate biology concepts and to promote scientific literacy.
