Download or read book DNA Replication Stress and Cell Fate written by Lin Deng and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-12-30 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book DNA Replication Stress written by Robert M. Brosh Jr. and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-08-27 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Special Issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (IJMS) is dedicated to the mechanisms mediated at the molecular and cellular levels in response to adverse genomic perturbations and DNA replication stress. The relevant proteins and processes play paramount roles in nucleic acid transactions to maintain genomic stability and cellular homeostasis. A total of 18 articles are presented which encompass a broad range of highly relevant topics in genome biology. These include replication fork dynamics, DNA repair processes, DNA damage signaling and cell cycle control, cancer biology, epigenetics, cellular senescence, neurodegeneration, and aging. As Guest Editor for this IJMS

Download or read book HUWE1 Interacts with PCNA to Alleviate Replication Stress written by Katherine Choe and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The integrity of the genome relies on the accurate and faithful duplication of genetic information from a parental cell to its progeny during each cellular division. Defects in DNA replication, DNA damage response, or DNA repair compromise genomic stability and promote cancer development as well as other diseases. In particular, unrepaired DNA lesions can arrest the progression of the DNA replication machinery during S-phase, causing replication stress, mutations, and DNA breaks. HUWE1 is a HECT-type ubiquitin ligase that targets proteins involved in cell fate, survival and differentiation. Here, we report that HUWE1 is essential for genomic stability, by promoting replication of damaged DNA. We show that HUWE1-knockout cells are unable to mitigate replication stress, resulting in replication defects and DNA breakage. Importantly, we find that this novel role of HUWE1 requires its interaction with the replication factor PCNA, a master regulator of replication fork restart, at stalled replication forks. Finally, we provide evidence that HUWE1 monoubiquitinates H2AX to promote signaling at stalled forks. Altogether, our work identifies HUWE1 as a novel regulator of the replication stress response.

Download or read book DNA Replication written by Hisao Masai and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-01-22 with total page 581 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reviews the latest trends and future directions of DNA replication research. The contents reflect upon the principles that have been established through the genetic and enzymatic studies of bacterial, viral, and cellular replication during the past decades. The book begins with a historical overview of the studies on eukaryotic DNA replication by Professor Thomas Kelly, a pioneer of the field. The following chapters include genome-wide studies of replication origins and initiation factor binding, as well as the timing of DNA replications, mechanisms of initiation, DNA chain elongation and termination of DNA replication, the structural basis of functions of protein complexes responsible for execution of DNA replication, cell cycle-dependent regulation of DNA replication, the nature of replication stress and cells’ strategy to deal with the stress, and finally how all these phenomena are interconnected to genome instability and development of various diseases. By reviewing the existing concepts ranging from the old principles to the newest ideas, the book gives readers an opportunity to learn how the classical replication principles are now being modified and new concepts are being generated to explain how genome DNA replication is achieved with such high adaptability and plasticity. With the development of new methods including cryoelectron microscopy analyses of huge protein complexes, single molecular analyses of initiation and elongation of DNA replication, and total reconstitution of eukaryotic DNA replication with purified factors, the field is enjoying one of its most exciting moments, and this highly timely book conveys that excitement to all interested readers.

Download or read book DNA Replication Stress written by Robert M. Brosh and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 1 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Special Issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (IJMS) is dedicated to the mechanisms mediated at the molecular and cellular levels in response to adverse genomic perturbations and DNA replication stress. The relevant proteins and processes play paramount roles in nucleic acid transactions to maintain genomic stability and cellular homeostasis. A total of 18 articles are presented which encompass a broad range of highly relevant topics in genome biology. These include replication fork dynamics, DNA repair processes, DNA damage signaling and cell cycle control, cancer biology, epigenetics, cellular senescence, neurodegeneration, and aging. As Guest Editor for this IJMS Special Issue, I am very pleased to offer this collection of riveting articles centered on the theme of DNA replication stress. The blend of articles builds upon a theme that DNA damage has profound consequences for genomic stability and cellular homeostasis that affect tissue function, disease, cancer, and aging at multiple levels and through unique mechanisms. I thank the authors for their excellent contributions, which provide new insight into this fascinating and highly relevant area of genome biology.

Download or read book Systems Biology of Cancer written by Sam Thiagalingam and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-04-09 with total page 597 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An overview of the current systems biology-based knowledge and the experimental approaches for deciphering the biological basis of cancer.

Download or read book New Mechanisms Involved in the DNA Replication Stress Response of Non transformed Human Cells written by Amaia Ercilla Eguiarte and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The cell cycle, the group of processes involved in the duplication and division of a cell in two daughter cells is essential for all organism existence. The correct regulation of these processes is crucial to guarantee genome integrity and cell survival. From the different cell cycle phases, the S phase is the most vulnerable to the acquisition of DNA damage since it is the phase in which the DNA is replicated. Alterations in DNA replication dynamics result in the accumulation of replication stress, one of the major sources of genomic instability, a hallmark of cancer. In this sense, cells have developed complex surveillance mechanisms to ensure stabilization and repair of forks, to coordinate these functions with cell cycle, and thus, to prevent cell division in the presence of unreplicated or damaged DNA. By doing so, these mechanisms will try to overcome the damage, and if so, the DNA replication stress response will promote replication resumption. By contrast, in the cases of persistent damage, cells are withdrawal from the cell cycle either by apoptosis or senescence. The correct activation and regulation of all these mechanisms is essential to prevent the acquisition of genomic instability and the oncogenic transformation. The pathways involved in DNA damage detection and signaling have been extensively studied in tumor cells. However, the response to replication stress, especially in non-transformed human cells, is still poorly understood. Therefore, in order to gain a better understanding of the pathways involved in this response, the main objective of this thesis has been to study and characterize new mechanisms involved in the DNA replication stress response of non-transformed human cells, as well as to analyze their contribution towards safeguarding genome integrity. Combining cellular and molecular approaches, together with several replication stress inducing agents, we have characterized new DNA replication stress response mechanisms that prevent replication resumption upon severe replication stress. For instance, we have described that APC/CCdh1 ubiquitin ligase is prematurely activated in S phase, to prevent new origin firing, in response to a prolonged DNA replication inhibition that results in the processing of replication forks into double strand breaks. Additionally, using an approach that has allowed us to define the changes at replication fork level between an acute and prolonged replication stress, we have seen that replication forks suffer several remodeling and processing events that abrogate their ability to restart after severe replication stress. Notably, our results suggest that this loss in the ability to resume replication under these conditions may act as a mechanism to safeguard genome integrity in non-transformed human cells. Collectively, the results of this thesis contribute to have a better understanding of the mechanisms involved in the DNA replication stress response of non-transformed human cells, opening new doors for the development of future therapies.

Download or read book Cell Fate After DNA Damage written by and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Protein Phosphorylation in Human Health written by Cai Huang and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2012-09-06 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 15 chapters on protein phosphorylation and human health written by expert scientists. Covers most important research hot points, such as Akt, AMPK and mTOR. Bridges the basic protein phosphorylation pathways with human health and diseases. Detailed and comprehensive text with excellent figure illustration.

Download or read book Cell Fate Decisions After DNA Damage written by Femke Maria Feringa and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Concerning the Origin of Malignant Tumours written by Theodor Boveri and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An English translation of Boveri's famous monograph which was first published in Germany in 1914. Written almost a hundred years ago, Theodor Boveri's Zur Frage der Entstehung maligner Tumoren has had a momentous impact on cancer research. In it he argues that malignancy arises as a consequence of chromosomal abnormalities and that multiplication is an inherent property of cells. With astonishing prescience, Boveri predicts in this monograph the existence of tumor suppressor mechanisms and is perhaps the first to suggest that hereditary factors (genes) are linearly arranged along chromosomes. This new translation by Sir Henry Harris, Regius Professor of Medicine Emeritus at Oxford University and former Editor-in-Chief of Journal of Cell Science, includes extensive annotations in which he discusses the relevance of Boveri's views today. It is essential reading for all cancer researchers, as well as those interested in the history of cytogenetics and cell biology.

Download or read book The Plant Cell Cycle written by Dirk Inzé and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-06-27 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, the study of the plant cell cycle has become of major interest, not only to scientists working on cell division sensu strictu , but also to scientists dealing with plant hormones, development and environmental effects on growth. The book The Plant Cell Cycle is a very timely contribution to this exploding field. Outstanding contributors reviewed, not only knowledge on the most important classes of cell cycle regulators, but also summarized the various processes in which cell cycle control plays a pivotal role. The central role of the cell cycle makes this book an absolute must for plant molecular biologists.

Download or read book Stress Activated Protein Kinases written by Francesc Posas and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-01-24 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book leading researchers in the field discuss the state-of-the-art of many aspects of SAPK signaling in various systems from yeast to mammals. These include various chapters on regulatory mechanisms as well as the contribution of the SAPK signaling pathways to processes such as gene expression, metabolism, cell cycle regulation, immune responses and tumorigenesis. Written by international experts, the book will appeal to cell biologists and biochemists.

Download or read book A Genetic Switch written by Mark Ptashne and published by CSHL Press. This book was released on 2004 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first edition of Mark Ptashne's 1986 book describing the principles of gene regulation in phage lambda became a classic in both content and form, setting a standard of clarity and precise prose that has rarely been bettered. This edition is a reprint of the original text, together with a new chapter updating the story to 2004. Among the striking new developments are recent findings on long-range interactions between proteins bound to widely separated sites on the phage genome, and a detailed description of how gene activation works.

Download or read book How and why We Age written by Leonard Hayflick and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "How long can humans live? Is immortality possible? Just what is the aging process? The aging and inevitable death of the human body have inspired more myths and outrageous quackery than anything else subject to scientific inquiry. . . . Now comes a most fascinating book, insightful and scholarly, to provide what answers have emerged so far." --San Francisco Chronicle Here, at last, preeminent cell biologist Leonard Hayflick presents the truth about human aging. Based on more than thirty years of pioneering research in the field, How and Why We Age explores not only how our major biological systems change as we grow older, but also examines the intangible alterations in our modes of thinking and feeling, our moods and sexual desires, our personality traits and our memories. With the immediacy of the latest scientific discoveries, Dr. Hayflick explains how aging affects every part of the body, and dispels many of the most persistent aging myths, to show that: * Hearts do not naturally get weaker with age. * Regular exercise and a low-fat diet won't slow aging. * Curing cancer would only add two years to the average sixty-five-year-old American life. Curing heart disease, however would add fourteen years. * Only five percent of people over the age of sixty-five are in nursing homes * No human has lived--or probably can live--past 120 years. Gracefully written, clearly organized, and packed with essential facts and statistics, How and Why We Age is a landmark study of the aging process for readers of all ages. "Written in clear, nontechnical language, it is an excellent introduction to the scientific and demographic literature on this multifacetedsubject." --Nature

Download or read book Cell Fate written by Chin-Hsing Annie Lin and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2016-06-24 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fundamental question of how an undifferentiated progenitor cell adopts a more specialized cell fate that then contributes to the development of specialized tissues, organs, organ systems and ultimately a unique individual of a given species has intrigued cell and developmental biologists for many years. Advances in molecular and cell biology have enabled investigators to identify genetic and epigenetic factors that contribute to these processes with increasing detail and also to define the various molecular characteristics of each cell fate with greater precision. Understanding these processes have also provided greater insights into disorders in which the normal mechanisms of cell fate determination are altered, such as in cancer and inherited malformations. With these advances have come techniques that facilitate the manipulation of cell fate, which have the potential to revolutionize the field of medicine by facilitating the repair and/or regeneration of diseased organs. Given the rapid advances that are occurring in the field, the articles in this eBook are both relevant and timely. These articles originally appeared online as part of the Research Topic “Cell Fate” overseen by my colleagues Dr. Lin, Dr. Buttitta, Dr. Maves, Dr. Dilworth, Dr. Paladini and myself and have been viewed extensively. Because of their popularity, they are now made available as an eBook, in a more easily downloadable form. Michael T. Chin

Download or read book Genome Duplication written by Melvin DePamphilis and published by Garland Science. This book was released on 2010-10-06 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Genome Duplication provides a comprehensive and readable overview of the underlying principles that govern genome duplication in all forms of life, from the simplest cell to the most complex multicellular organism. Using examples from the three domains of life - bacteria, archaea, and eukarya - Genome Duplication shows how all living organisms store their genome as DNA and how they all use the same evolutionary-conserved mechanism to duplicate it: semi-conservative DNA replication by the replication fork. The text shows how the replication fork determines where organisms begin genome duplication, how they produce a complete copy of their genome each time a cell divides, and how they link genome duplication to cell division. Genome Duplication explains how mistakes in genome duplication are associated with genetic disorders and cancer, and how understanding genome duplication, its regulation, and how the mechanisms differ between different forms of life, is critical to the understanding and treatment of human disease.