Download or read book DNA Markers and Genetics of Resistance to Cyst Nematode and Seed Composition in Soybean Peking X Essex written by Boxing Qiu and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is one of the major crops in the USA and worldwide. Soybean cyst nematode (SCN), Heterodera glycines Ichinohe, causes severe damage to soybean production. In 1988, the SCN was ranked as the number one crop disease in the southern USA. To combat this pest, genetic characterization of the resistance genes to SCN and molecular approaches for tagging the resistance genes have recently been conducted. The cultivar 'Peking' is one of the most important resistance sources to SCN. It gives resistance to SCN Race Isolates 1, 3, and 5. The genetic inheritance for resistance to SCN Race 3 in Peking was studied in the past decades, but the resistance nature is complicated and the inheritance patterns for resistance to SCN Races 1 and 5 were not well documented. In this study, F 1, F 2, and F 2:3 subfamilies were used for studying the genetic background of the SCN resistance in Peking. It was discussed that resistance to SCN Races 1, 3, and 5 each were conditioned by a three-gene model, one dominant and two recessives (Rhg, rhg, rhg). The complexity of SCN multiple resistance genes in soybean and the heterogeneity of indigenous field SCN Race populations make it difficult to breed resistant soybean cultivars. Both morphological and molecular markers that are associated with the resistance to SCN are known to play an important role in tagging and transferring resistance genes from wild types into soybean cultivars. Black seed-coat color was previously reported as a morphological marker linked to SCN resistance. Our data indicated that the reddish brown seed-coat color was linked to the loci controlling resistance to SCN Race 3. The mean of the Index of Parasitism (IP) in reddish-brown seed-coat color plants was significantly less than one in the plants with black seed coat color. DNA markers associated with resistance to SCN Race 3 have been documented by a number of scientists. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis was used as a molecular marker-mediated approach to identify the markers for SCN resistance in this study. Based on the co-segregation between phenotypic SCN reactions in 200 F 2:3 families and RFLP scoring data from 200 F 2 plants, five DNA markers, A593 and T005 on linkage group (LG) B, A018 in LG E, and K014 and B072 on LG H, were associated with resistance loci for SCN Race 1, which jointly explained 57.7% of the phenotypic variation. Three markers (B072 and K014 on LG H, T005 on LG B) were linked to resistance loci for Race 3, and together explained 21.4% of the total phenotypic variation. Two markers (K011 on LG I, A963 on LG E) associated with resistance to Race 5 jointly explained 14.0% of the total phenotypic variation.
Download or read book Identification and Characterization of Soybean Cyst Nematode Resistance Genes Using DNA Markers written by Vergel Cierte Concibido and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Genetics Genomics and Breeding of Soybean written by Kristin Bilyeu and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The soybean is an economically important leguminous seed crop for feed and food products that is rich in seed protein (about 40 percent) and oil (about 20 percent); it enriches the soil by fixing nitrogen in symbiosis with bacteria. Soybean was domesticated in northeastern China about 2500 BC and subsequently spread to other countries. The enormous
Download or read book Soybean written by Aleksandra Sudarić and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2011-04-11 with total page 530 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book Soybean: Molecular Aspects of Breeding focuses on recent progress in our understanding of the genetics and molecular biology of soybean and provides a broad review of the subject, from genome diversity to transformation and integration of desired genes using current technologies. This book is divided into four parts (Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Breeding for Abiotic Stress, Breeding for Biotic Stress, Recent Technology) and contains 22 chapters.
Download or read book Molecular Characterization of Genetic Resistance to Soybean Cyst Nematode in Soybean Line SS97 6946 written by Md Sariful Islam and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soybean Cyst Nematode (SCN) (Heterodera glycine) is the most damaging pest of soybean and estimated annual yield losses are 1.5 billion dollars in USA. Breeding resistant cultivars is the most efficient means to control SCN but the nematode has adapted and overcomes resistance of developed soybean cultivars due to a narrow genetic base. A study was initiated in summer 2007 to investigate the genetics of resistance to SCN and identify Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) conferring broad-spectrum SCN resistance in SS97-6946. Leaves of 160 F2 individuals from the cross PI 567476 X SS97-6946 were collected to isolate DNA in summer 2007. Three hundred forty seven polymorphic Single Sequence Repeat primer pairs out of 547 were used to genotype the F2 plants. Seeds from 160 F2:3 families were evaluated against races 1, 2, 3 and 5 for SCN bioassay following standard protocol. The ratio observed between resistant to susceptible F2:3 families revealed that SCN resistance involved three recessive genes for both race 1 and 2; two dominant and one recessive for race 3; one dominant and two recessive for race 5. Three markers mapped on linkage groups (LG) A2, E, and G and accounted for 33.8% of the total phenotypic variance for resistance to SCN race 1. One resistant QTL was detected on LG A1 accounted for 18.8% of the total phenotypic variance of race 2. Three markers mapped on LGs A2, G, and M to be associated with resistance to SCN race 3 and shared 24.9% of total phenotypic variance. Three markers on LG G alone and four markers on LGs A1, B2, M, and O were mapped and shown to be linked with SCN resistance to race 5 and accounted for 70.8% of the total phenotypic variance.
Download or read book Biology and Management of the Soybean Cyst Nematode written by Robert D. Riggs and published by American Phytopathological Society. This book was released on 1992 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 1 History, distribution, and economics. 2 Systematics and morphology. 3 Epiphytology and life cycle. 4 Cellular responses to infection. 5 Population dynamics. 6 Genetics. 7 The race concept. 8 Nematode race identification, A look to the future. 9 Interactions with other organisms. 10 Host range. 11 Chemical control. 12 Management by cultural practices. 13 Biological control. 14 Breeding for resistance to soybean cyst nematode. 15 Cytopathological reactions of resistant soybean plants to nematode invasion. 16 Tolerance in soybean.
Download or read book Identifying the Genetic Determinants for Virulence in the Soybean Cyst Nematode Heterodera Glycines written by Dave T. Ste-Croix and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The soybean cyst nematode (SCN - Heterodera glycines) is the most economically important pathogen affecting soybean crops, causing significant reductions in yield on a global scale. Currently, the primary method for the management of this destructive root parasite is by utilizing natural host resistance. There are two main sources of genetic resistance commonly used in commercial practices to mitigate these losses: soybean plant introductions (PI) 548402 (Peking) and PI 88788. However, in North America, over 95% of resistant soybeans derive their resistance from PI 88788 genetics. Although still effective to a large extent, prolonged exposure to these limited genetic sources has led to the emergence of virulence within the SCN population, with subpopulations of nematodes now capable of overcoming host resistance. Given that soybean is expected to become one of the most economically significant grain crops in Quebec and Canada, it is crucial to understand how these nematodes overcome resistance. To gain insights into the genetic basis of virulence, a comparative transcriptomic analysis was conducted on individual nematodes isolated from multiple SCN populations with varying degrees of virulence against both main sources of resistance. By comparing the gene expression profiles of females categorized by their virulence phenotypes, we observed a significantly different transcriptomic response in females developing on Peking compared to those developing on PI 88788 or the susceptible control Essex. Indeed, overexpression and repression was observed in multiple effector genes of females developing on Peking. Further sequence analysis of expressed genes in Peking virulent nematodes also revealed a wide array of sequence polymorphisms and differential exon usage not shared by PI 88788 virulent or avirulent nematodes. Building upon the findings of potential alternative splicing in effector genes, a de-novo genome-guided transcriptome was generated in chapter two using long reads sequencing generated from single nematodes. This analysis aimed to assess the presence and extent of alternative splicing within effector genes and, more broadly, the SCN transcriptome. By comparing the expression profiles of these transcripts in PI 88788 virulent and avirulent females from different populations, simultaneously selected on both cultivars, two promising novel effector gene candidates (Hg-CPZ-1 and Hg16414.1) were identified, along with six other overexpressed effector candidates common to all virulent females from PI 88788. Although the two first chapters identified multiple candidate effectors associated with Peking and PI 88788 virulence, the regulatory mechanisms controlling these effectors remained unknown. Consequently, the third chapter explored the SCN microRNAs (miRNA) characterizing candidates potentially involved in the post-transcriptional regulation of effector genes. A comprehensive analysis of whole-nematodes and exosome-derived miRNAs revealed a diverse set of species- and lineage-specific candidates characterized for the first time in the SCN. By utilizing animal-specific and plant-specific miRNA target predictors, a subset of these miRNAs were also predicted to interact with nematode effectors and soybean resistance-related genes emphasizing the complex nature of SCN parasitism through the potential ability of nematodes to not only regulate its effectors genes but also its host genes. In summary, the findings from these chapters have not only enhanced our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the evolution and regulation of effector genes but also provide potential targets for improving resistance against SCN and detecting the presence of this destructive root parasite more effectively.
Download or read book Genetics Genomics and Breeding of Soybean written by Kristin Bilyeu and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2010-06-03 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In addition to human consumption, the soybean is a major protein source in animal feeds and is becoming a major crop for biodiesel production. For many decades, plant breeders have used conventional breeding techniques to improve soybeans, yet with increasing demand, there is a need for more sophisticated techniques. Combining traditional research with modern molecular investigations on soybean, this volume explores the recent advances in soybean genome mapping, molecular breeding, genome sequencing, and bioinformatics. The book is an important tool for soybean researchers as well as researchers working with other crop species.
Download or read book World Soybean Research Conference VI written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 790 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Marker assisted Selection for Soybean Cyst Nematode Resistance and Accompanying Agronomic Traits written by Joann Mudge and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Soybean Genetics Newsletter written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 582 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 856 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Genetic and Molecular Analysis of Soybean Cyst Nematode Virulence written by Michael N. Gardner and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 125 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The soybean cyst nematode (SCN) Heterodera glycines is the most economically important pathogen of soybean, capable of causing large scale yield loss on a global scale. Current management practices utilize host resistance, but commercial resistance is limited to three main sources, the soybean plant introductions (PI) 54802 (Peking), 88788, and 437654. More than 95% of soybean grown in the north central United States have resistance derived from PI 88788 and repeated use of this resistance has led to the development of highly virulent nematode populations capable of infecting these resistant plants and causing yield losses. In order to identify the mode of inheritance for virulence on the three primary sources of resistance to SCN a controlled crossing study was performed, mating a highly virulent nematode (TN20) with an avirulent nematode (PA3). By monitoring the offspring of this cross it was found that depending on the source of host resistance, virulence is inherited in a dominant or a recessive manner except for virulence on PI 437654, which is likely a multigenic trait dependent on multiple recessive genes. A de novo transcriptome assembly was then generated for SCN and mined for novel stylet-secreted effectors, identifying a new pool of candidates that may play a role in virulence. Finally, a comparative transcriptomic analysis was performed across multiple SCN populations to identify conserved expression patterns and genes associated with virulence. Results from these studies will be used to improve current management practices for SCN and provide new potential targets for improving SCN resistance.
Download or read book Advances In Plant Physiology Vol 4 written by A. Hemantaranjan and published by Scientific Publishers. This book was released on 2002-07-01 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Researches have made tremendous progress in the area of Plant Physiology, greatly increasing our understanding of living processes, necessary for biotechnological research. Different volumes of the treatise ``Advances in Plant Physiology'' covers the entire spectrum of Plant Physiology including the Plant Molecular Biology in order to encourage meaningful research in the coming twenty-first century. The true endeavor in this direction is the result of comprehensive, authoritative and timely publication of this valuable treatise, provides the reader with the most recent information, views and references focused on individual topics through a rich collection of reviews contributed by pioneer workers and of those actively engaged in the studies of various specific areas in different parts of the world with extensive experience, established record of eminence and noted authorities. In fact, this treatise is a treasure for interdisciplinary exchange of information and the approach to topic ranges from theoretical to applied molecular to organismic and single to multivariable systems. Apart from fulfilling the need of this treatise for research teams and scientists actively working in the areas of plant physiology biochemistry and plant molecular biology in universities institutes and research laboratories throughout the world, it would be extremely a useful book and a voluminous reference material for acquiring advanced knowledge by students in response to innovative courses in Plant Physiology, Plant Biochemistry, Agronomy, Genetics and Plant Breeding, Genetic Engineering, Microbiology, Plant Biotechnology and Botany. Over eighteen (18) chapters of Vol. 1 extensively elucidate the needful topics of Biological Nitrogen Fixation, Plant Cell and Tissue Culture, Plant Metabolism , certain rare Techniques in Plant Physiology, Herbicides Physiology, Plant Growth Regulators, Physiology of Rooting, Tree Physiology, Stress Physiology (in part) and Growth and Development Hopefully, Vol. II will comprise other important topics.
Download or read book Soybean Seed Composition written by Moulay Abdelmajid Kassem and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-01-10 with total page 638 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soybean Seed Composition covers three decades of advances in quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping of seed protein, oil, fatty acids, amino acids, sugars, mineral nutrients, isoflavones, lunasin, and other beneficial compounds. It opens with coverage of seed protein, oil, fatty acids, and amino acids and the effects that genetic and environmental factors have on them. Detailed discussion of QTL that control seed protein, oil, and fatty acids follows, and the book also covers seed amino acids, macronutrients, micronutrients, sugars, and other compounds that are key to selection for crop improvement. The book also provides an overview of two decades of QTL mapping of mineral deficiencies in soybean, which sheds light on the importance of a balanced mineral nutrition in soybean and other crops, elucidates salt stress tolerance QTL mapping, which is another challenge that faces soybean and other crop production worldwide. The importance of soybean seed isoflavones from their biosynthesis and quantification methods to locations and variations in seeds, roots, and leaves, to their QTL mapping is discussed, as well as providing key information on lunasin, a bioactive anticancer peptide in soybean seeds that will help farmers and breeders to develop soybean cultivars with improved seed isoflavones and lunasin content. The book will be of interest to graduate students, academics, and researchers in the fields of genetic and QTL mapping of important agronomic traits in soybean and other crops.
Download or read book Translational Genomics for Crop Breeding Volume 1 written by Rajeev Varshney and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-12-31 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Genomic Applications for Crop Breeding: Biotic Stress is the first of two volumes looking at the latest advances in genomic applications to crop breeding. This volume focuses on genomic-assisted advances for improving economically important crops against biotic stressors, such as viruses, fungi, nematodes, and bacteria. Looking at key advances in crops such as rice, barley, wheat, and potato amongst others, Genomic Applications for Crop Breeding: Biotic Stress will be an essential reference for crop scientists, geneticists, breeders, industry personnel and advanced students in the field.
Download or read book Soybean Breeding written by Felipe Lopes da Silva and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-06-10 with total page 439 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book was written by soybean experts to cluster in a single publication the most relevant and modern topics in soybean breeding. It is geared mainly to students and soybean breeders around the world. It is unique since it presents the challenges and opportunities faced by soybean breeders outside the temperate world.
