Download or read book Diving Physiology of Marine Mammals and Seabirds written by Paul J. Ponganis and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-11-26 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Analysing the physiological adaptations of marine mammals and seabirds, this book provides a comprehensive overview of what allows these species to overcome the challenges of diving to depth on a single breath of air. Through comparative reviews of texts on diving physiology and behaviour from the last seventy-five years, Ponganis combines this research into one succinct volume. Investigating the diving performance of marine mammals and seabirds, this book illustrates how physiological processes to extreme hypoxia and pressure are relevant to the advancement of our understanding of basic cellular processes and human pathologies. This book underscores the biomedical and ecological relevance of the anatomical, physiological and molecular/biophysical adaptations of these animals to enable further research in this area. An important resource for students and researchers, this text not only provides an essential overview of recent research in the field, but will stimulate further research into the behaviour and physiology of diving.
Download or read book Diving Physiology of Marine Mammals and Seabirds written by Paul J. Ponganis and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-11-26 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An up-to-date synthesis of comparative diving physiology research, illustrating the features of dive performance and its biomedical and ecological relevance.
Download or read book Marine Mammal Physiology written by Michael A. Castellini and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2015-11-18 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Suppose you were designing a marine mammal. What would you need to think about to allow it to live in the ocean? How would you keep it warm? What would you design to allow it to dive for very long periods to extreme depths? Where would it find water to drink? How would you minimize the cost of swimming, and how would it find its prey in the deep and dark? These questions and more are examined in detail throughout this book. Marine Mammal Physiology: Requisites for Ocean Living is the first textbook focused on how marine mammals live in the sea from a physiological point of view. It explores the essential aspects of what makes a marine mammal different from terrestrial mammals, beyond just their environment. Unlike many publications and books that cover these species from almost all perspectives, this textbook takes a step back to focus on the physiological and biochemical characteristics that have allowed these mammals as a group to exploit effectively the marine environment that is so hostile to humans. The chapter topics are grouped into major themes: diving and locomotion, nutrition and energetics, reproduction, sensory systems, and environmental interactions. Each chapter is arranged around a common perspective and theme: the big picture challenge and summary and what is known specifically by order. To aid you even further, the authors include a "Toolbox" section in each chapter where they discuss the newest methods for understanding and working on the physiology of marine mammals.
Download or read book The physiological consequences of breath hold diving in marine mammals the Scholander legacy written by Andreas Fahlman and published by Frontiers E-books. This book was released on with total page 155 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Breath-hold diving marine mammals are able to remain submerged for prolonged periods of time and dive to phenomenal depths while foraging. A number of physiological, biochemical and behavioral traits have been suggested that enable this life style, including the diving response, lung collapse, increased O2 stores, diving induced hypometabolism, and stroke-and-glide behavior to reduce dive metabolic cost. Since the initial studies by Scholander in the 1940‘s, when most of the physiological and biochemical traits were suggested, few have received as much study as the diving response and O2 management. The calculated aerobic dive limit (cADL) was an important concept which allowed calculation of the aerobic dive duration, and was defined as the total O2 stores divided by the rate of O2 consumption (metabolic rate). The total O2 stores have been defined for several species, and studies in both forced and freely diving animals have refined the metabolic cost of diving. Currently there appears to be little consensus about whether marine mammals perform a significant proportion of dives exceeding the cADL or not and there may be large differences between species. The diving response is a conserved physiological trait believed to arise from natural selection. The response includes diving-induced bradycardia, peripheral vasoconstriction, and altered blood flow distribution. While the response results in reduced cardiac work, it is not clear whether this is required to reduce the overall metabolic rate. An alternate hypothesis is that the primary role of the diving bradycardia is to regulate the degree of hypoxia in skeletal muscle so that blood and muscle O2 stores can be used more efficiently. Scholander suggested that the respiratory anatomy of marine mammals resulted in alveolar collapse at shallow depths (lung collapse), thereby limiting gas exchange. This trait would limit uptake of N2 and thereby reduce the risk of inert gas bubble formation and decompression sickness. In his initial treatise, Scholander suggested that alveolar collapse probably made inert gas bubble formation unlikely during a single dive, but that repeated dives could result in significant accumulation that could be risky. Despite this, lung collapse has been quoted as the main adaptation by which marine mammals reduce N2 levels and inert gas bubble formation. It was surprising, therefore, when recent necropsy reports from mass stranded whales indicated DCS like symptoms. More recent studies have shown that live marine mammals appear to experience bubbles under certain circumstances. These results raise some interesting questions. For example, are marine mammals ever at risk of DCS, and if so could N2 accumulation limit dive performance? While an impressive number of studies have provided a theoretical framework that explains the mechanistic basis of the diving response, and O2 management, many questions remain, some widely-accepted ideas actually lack sufficient experimental confirmation, and a variety of marine mammal species, potentially novel models for elucidating new diving adaptations, are understudied. The aim of this Frontiers Topic is to provide a synthesis of the current knowledge about the physiological responses of marine mammals that underlie their varied dive behavior. We also include novel contributions that challenge current ideas and that probe new hypotheses, utilize new experimental approaches, and explore new model species. We show that the field has recently entered a phase of renewed discovery that is not only unraveling more secrets of the natural diving response but will drive new applications to aid human exploration of the ocean depths. We also welcome comparative analyses, especially contributions that compare marine mammals with human divers.
Download or read book Marine Mammals Ashore written by Joseph R. Geraci and published by National Aquarium in Baltimore. This book was released on 2005 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprehensive manual for understanding and carrying out marine mammal rescue activities for stranded seals, manatees, dolphins, whales, or sea otters.
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Marine Mammals written by William F. Perrin and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2009-02-26 with total page 1355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thorough revision of the classic Encyclopedia of Marine Mammals brings this authoritative book right up-to-date. Articles describe every species in detail, based on the very latest taxonomy, and a host of biological, ecological and sociological aspects relating to marine mammals. The latest information on the biology, ecology, anatomy, behavior and interactions with man is provided by a cast of expert authors – all presented in such detail and clarity to support both marine mammal specialists and the serious naturalist. Fully referenced throughout and with a fresh selection of the best color photographs available, the long-awaited second edition remains at the forefront as the go-to reference on marine mammals. More than 20% NEW MATERIAL includes articles on Climate Change, Pacific White-sided Dolphins, Sociobiology, Habitat Use, Feeding Morphology and more Over 260 articles on the individual species with topics ranging from anatomy and behavior, to conservation, exploitation and the impact of global climate change on marine mammals New color illustrations show every species and document topical articles FROM THE FIRST EDITION “This book is so good...a bargain, full of riches...packed with fascinating up to date information. I recommend it unreservedly it to individuals, students, and researchers, as well as libraries." --Richard M. Laws, MARINE MAMMALS SCIENCE "...establishes a solid and satisfying foundation for current study and future exploration" --Ronald J. Shusterman, SCIENCE
Download or read book Marine Mammals written by Annalisa Berta and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2005-12-14 with total page 575 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Berta and Sumich have succeeded yet again in creating superior marine reading! This book is a succinct yet comprehensive text devoted to the systematics, evolution, morphology, ecology, physiology, and behavior of marine mammals. The first edition, considered the leading text in the field, is required reading for all marine biologists concerned with marine mammals. Revisions include updates of citations, expansion of nearly every chapter and full color photographs. This title continues the tradition by fully expanding and updating nearly all chapters. Comprehensive, up-to-date coverage of the biology of all marine mammals Provides a phylogenetic framework that integrates phylogeny with behavior and ecology Features chapter summaries, further readings, an appendix, glossary and an extensive bibliography Exciting new color photographs and additional distribution maps
Download or read book Marine Mammals of the World A Comprehensive Guide to Their Identification written by Thomas Allen Jefferson and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-08-29 with total page 589 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With coverage on all the marine mammals of the world, authors Jefferson, Webber, and Pitman have created a user-friendly guide to identify marine mammals alive in nature (at sea or on the beach), dead specimens “in hand , and also to identify marine mammals based on features of the skull. This handy guide provides marine biologists and interested lay people with detailed descriptions of diagnostic features, illustrations of external appearance, beautiful photographs, dichotomous keys, and more. Full color illustrations and vivid photographs of every living marine mammal species are incorporated, as well as comprehendible maps showing a range of information. For readers who desire further consultation, authors have included a list of literature references at the end of each species account. For an enhanced understanding of habitation, this guide also includes recognizable geographic forms described separately with colorful paintings and photographs. All of these essential tools provided make Marine Mammals of the World the most detailed and authoritative guide available! * Contains superb photographs of every species of marine mammal for accurate identification * Authors’ collective experience adds up to 80 years, and have seen nearly all of the species and distinctive geographic forms described in the guide * Provides the most detailed and anatomically accurate illustrations currently available * Special emphasis is placed on the identification of species in “problem groups, such as the beaked whales, long-beaked oceanic dolphin, and southern fur seals * Includes a detailed list of sources for more information at the back of the book.
Download or read book Europe s Sea Mammals Including the Azores Madeira the Canary Islands and Cape Verde written by Robert Still and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2019-07-16 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A state-of-the-art photographic identification guide to Europe’s whales, dolphins, porpoises and seals This cutting-edge photographic identification guide to Europe’s sea mammals—the only such guide of its kind—covers the 39 species of whales, dolphins and porpoises and 9 species of seals found in the region, which spans the eastern Atlantic from Iceland to Macaronesia, and the Mediterranean, Caspian and Baltic seas. Written and illustrated by a team of professional tour guides with extensive experience presenting the region’s sea mammals, the guide features more than 180 color photographs, maps and graphics, highlights key identification features and includes information on the range, ecology, behaviour and conservation status of each species. Produced with the marine conservation charity ORCA, the book presents mapping data from a decade of surveys, which shows both current distribution and changes over time. Europe’s Sea Mammals is an essential companion for whale watchers and anyone else who is interested in this enigmatic group of mammals. The only photographic guide dedicated to this popular whale-watching region Features more than 180 color photos, maps and graphics Highlights key identification features and provides essential information on the range, ecology, behaviour and conservation status of each species
Download or read book Diverse Divers written by Gerald L. Kooyman and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is not a conventional review of diving physiology. The coverage of the literature has been selective rather than en compassing, the emphasis has been on field studies rather than laboratory investigations, and the dive responses described are often discussed from the perspective of some of the flaws or weaknesses in the conclusions. Some of these points are of more historical interest to note how our concepts have evolved as we learn more about behavior and responses to natural diving in contrast to forced submersions in the laboratory. As a result there is a degree of evaluation of some experiments on my part that may seem obvious or controversial to the specialist. I have followed this planat times in order to aid the reader, who I hope is often an untergraduate or graduate stu dent, the nonspecialist, and the layman, in appreciating to some degree the level of dissatisfaction or skepticism about certain areas of research in diving physiology. In view of historical boundaries in vertebrate biology, the subject is of broad enough importance to catch the interest of a wide audience of readers if I have done my job well. For ex ample, of the major epochal transitions or events there have been in vertebrate history, three come immediately to mind: (1) The transition from aquatic to aerial respiration which ultimately led to a broad occupation of terrestrial habitats. (2) The development of endothermy.
Download or read book The Physiology of Diving in Man and Other Animals written by H. V. Hempleman and published by Hodder Education. This book was released on 1978 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Marine Mammal Ecology and Conservation written by Ian L. Boyd and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2010-08-12 with total page 475 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Much of our knowledge about marine mammals is derived from a long-term and dedicated research effort that is evolving rapidly due to the introduction and invention of new methods.This book reflects the inventiveness of marine researchers as they try to find ways around the problems presented to them by these unusual and challenging animals.
Download or read book Physiology of Marine Mammals written by Michael Castellini and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2023-07-05 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Suppose you were designing a marine mammal. What would they need to live in the ocean? How would you keep them warm? What design features would allow them to dive for very long periods to extreme depths? Do they need water to drink? How would they minimize the cost of swimming, and how would they find their prey in the deep and dark? These questions and more are examined in detail throughout Marine Mammal Physiology, which explores how marine mammals live in the sea from a physiological point of view. This undergraduate textbook considers the essential aspects of what makes a marine mammal different from terrestrial mammals, beyond just their environment. It focuses on the physiological and biochemical traits that have allowed this group of mammals to effectively exploit the marine environment that is so hostile to humans. The content of this book is organised around common student questions, taking the undergraduate's point of view as the starting point. Each chapter provides a set of PowerPoint slides for instructors to use in teaching and students to use as study guides. New "Study Questions" and "Critical Thinking Points" conclude each chapter, which are each motivated by a "Driving Question" such as "How do mammals stay warm in a cold ocean?" or "How do mammals survive the crushing pressures of the deep sea?" Full-colour images and comprehensive, accessible content make this the definitive textbook for marine mammal physiology.
Download or read book National Audubon Society Guide to Marine Mammals of the World written by Randall R. Reeves and published by Knopf. This book was released on 2002-04-02 with total page 534 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A guide that includes information about habitat, basic breeding, and a wild range of information about animals.
Download or read book Britain s Sea Mammals written by Jon Dunn and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2014-01-17 with total page 131 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Britain's Sea Mammals is the essential field guide to all the sea mammals--whales, dolphins, porpoises, and seals--found in coastal Britain. The book features more than 100 stunning photographs and close to 40 detailed and beautiful illustrations of 34 species of sea mammals, paying special attention to the 14 species most readily seen and most likely to be encountered. Factoring in behavior and locations, introductory chapters look at sea mammal biology and ecology, and how, when, and where these creatures can be spotted. Species accounts highlight key identification characteristics and include information on status, habitat requirements, and distribution. Handy and informative, Britain's Sea Mammals is the ideal guide to sea mammal watching in the United Kingdom. The only guide that focuses on the 34 species of sea mammal recorded in Britain, particularly the 14 most readily seen species More than 100 photos and almost 40 illustrations highlight species, their behavior, and locations Introductory chapters explore how, when, and where to look for sea mammals Species accounts highlight key identification features, including information on status, habitat requirements, and distribution
Download or read book The Rise of Marine Mammals written by Annalisa Berta and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 2017-10-02 with total page 213 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A compelling look at the evolutionary history of marine mammals over the past 50 million years. Marine mammals have long captured the attention of humans. Ancient peoples etched seals and dolphins on the walls of Paleolithic caves; today, engineers develop microprocessors to track these denizens of the deep. This groundbreaking book from highly respected marine mammal paleontologist Annalisa Berta delves into the story of the extraordinary adaptations that gave the world these amazing animals. The Rise of Marine Mammals reveals remarkable fossil record discoveries that shed light on the origins, relationships, and diversification of marine mammals. Focusing on evolution and paleobiology, Berta provides an overview of marine mammal species diversity, enhanced with gorgeous life restorations by Carl Buell, Robert Boessenecker, William Stout, and Ray Troll and extensive line drawings by graphics editor James L. Sumich. The book also considers ongoing conservation challenges, demonstrating how the fossil record of adaptation in response to past environmental shifts may illuminate the way that marine mammals respond to global climate change. This invaluable evolutionary framework is essential for helping us understand how best to protect and conserve today’s polar bears, whales, dolphins, seals, and fellow warm-blooded ocean dwellers. The Rise of Marine Mammals also describes exciting breakthroughs that rely on new techniques of study, including 3-D imaging, and molecular, finite element, and morphometric analyses, which have enhanced scientists’ understanding of everything from the anatomy of fetal whales to the genes behind limb loss in cetaceans. Mammalogists, paleontologists, and marine scientists will find Berta’s insights absorbing, while developmental and molecular biologists, geneticists, and ecologists exploring integrative research approaches will benefit from her fresh perspective.
Download or read book Guide to Marine Mammals and Turtles of the U S Pacific written by Kate Wynne and published by . This book was released on 2015-01 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: All U.S. Atlantic species of whales, dolphins, porpoises, seals, manatee, and sea turtles are depicted in this identification guide. Designed for the professional as well as the casual observer, it shows identifying characteristics and habits for each species. The book follows the same format as Kate Wynne's Guide to Marine Mammals of Alaska. Printed on waterproof paper. Published by Rhode Island Sea Grant. Winner of the 2000 National Outdoor Book Award for best nature guidebook.
