Download or read book Distributive Justice and Taxation written by Jørgen Pedersen and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-12-29 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Providing a thorough examination of distributive justice, Distributive Justice and Taxation presents and discusses different theories of what constitutes a just society, and how goods should be distributed in such a society. The distribution of goods in society has direct and serious consequences on the lives of the people. There are therefore important questions to be asked regarding the justice of that distribution: Is it just that some people inherit large fortunes while others inherit nothing? Do rich people have additional access to political power because of their wealth? If so, is that just? And should the ambition for economic policies be to combat poverty, or to reduce inequality? This book explores these questions and a number of others through the analysis of related theories, spanning from strong egalitarian theories on the left to right-wing libertarianism. The chapters also explicitly examine the case of taxation – one of the most important and controversial measures of distribution of goods in society. Placing emphasis on the case of Norway and using data from both the UK and USA as a point of comparison, the work details and explores the key features of the tax system. It concludes by presenting and evaluating arguments for and against taxes such as income tax, wealth tax, and inheritance tax. This book is essential reading for those interested in distributive justice, as well as students and scholars of philosophy, law, political science, and economics.
Download or read book Distributive Justice and Taxation written by Jørgen Pedersen (Professor of Practical Philosophy) and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Providing a thorough examination of distributive justice, Distributive Justice and Taxation presents and discusses different theories of what constitutes a just society, and how goods should be distributed in such a society. The distribution of goods in society has direct and serious consequences on the lives of the people. There are therefore important questions to be asked regarding the justice of that distribution: Is it just that some people inherit large fortunes while others inherit nothing? Do rich people have additional access to political power because of their wealth? If so, is that just? And should the ambition for economic policies be to combat poverty, or to reduce inequality? This book explores these questions and a number of others through the analysis of related theories, spanning from strong egalitarian theories on the left to right-wing libertarianism. The chapters also explicitly examine the case of taxation - one of the most important and controversial measures of distribution of goods in society. Placing emphasis on the case of Norway and using data from both the UK and USA as a point of comparison, the work details and explores the key features of the tax system. It concludes by presenting and evaluating arguments for and against taxes such as income tax, wealth tax, and inheritance tax. This book is essential reading for those interested in distributive justice, as well as students and scholars of philosophy, law, political science, and economics.
Download or read book The Myth of Ownership written by Liam Murphy and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2002-04-11 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a capitalist economy, taxes are the most important instrument by which the political system puts into practice a conception of economic and distributive justice. Taxes arouse strong passions, fueled not only by conflicts of economic self-interest, but by conflicting ideas of fairness. Taking as a guiding principle the conventional nature of private property, Murphy and Nagel show how taxes can only be evaluated as part of the overall system of property rights that they help to create. Justice or injustice in taxation, they argue, can only mean justice or injustice in the system of property rights and entitlements that result from a particular regime. Taking up ethical issues about individual liberty, interpersonal obligation, and both collective and personal responsibility, Murphy and Nagel force us to reconsider how our tax policy shapes our system of property rights.
Download or read book Philosophical Explorations of Justice and Taxation written by Helmut P. Gaisbauer and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-01-20 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents philosophical contributions examining questions of the grounding and justification of taxation and different types of taxes such as inheritance, wealth, consumption or income tax in relation to justice and the concept of a just society. The chapters cover the different levels at which the discussion on taxation and justice takes place: On the principal level, chapters investigate the justification and grounding of taxation as such and the role taxation plays and should play in the design of justice, be it for a just society or a just world order. On a more concrete level, chapters present discussions of these general reflections in more depth and examine different types of taxation, tax systems and their design and implementation. On an applied level, chapters discuss certain specific taxes, such as wealth and inheritance taxes, and examine whether or not a certain tax should be favored and for what reasons as well as why it is just to target certain kinds of assets or income. Finally, this volume contains chapters that discuss the central issue of international and global taxation and their relation to global justice.
Download or read book Distributive Justice written by John Augustine Ryan and published by . This book was released on 1916 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Tax Justice and Tax Law written by Dominic de Cogan and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2020-11-12 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most people would agree that tax systems ought to be 'just', and perhaps a great deal more just than they are at present. What is more difficult is to agree on what tax justice is. This book considers a range of different approaches to, and ideas about the nature of tax justice and covers areas such as: - imbalances in international tax arrangements that deprive developing countries of revenues from natural resources and allow wealthy taxpayers to use tax havens; - protests against governments and large business; - attempts to influence policy through more technical means such as the OECD's Base Erosion and Profits Shifting project; - interpersonal matters, such as the ways in which tax systems disadvantage women and minorities; - the application of wider philosophical or economic theories to tax systems. The purpose of the book is not to iron out these underlying differences into a grand theory, but rather to gain a more precise understanding of how and why we disagree about tax justice. In doing so the editors are assisted by a stellar cast of contributors from four continents, with a wide variety of views and experiences but a common interest in this central question of how to agree and disagree about tax justice. This is, of course, not only an intellectual exercise but also a necessary precursor to achieving real-world change.
Download or read book Taxation Economic Prosperity and Distributive Justice Volume 23 Part 2 written by Ellen Frankel Paul and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2006-08-14 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Publisher description
Download or read book Principles of Justice in Taxation written by Stephen Francis Weston and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book How Much Do We Deserve written by Richard S. Gilbert and published by Unitarian Universalist Association of Congregations. This book was released on 2001 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sheds new light on the injustice arising from the widening gap between rich and poor in the United States.
Download or read book Distributive Justice written by John A. Ryan and published by Read Books Ltd. This book was released on 2013-05-31 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Monsignor John Augustine Ryan was a leading moral theologian, priest, professor, author, and social justice advocate. Ryan lived during a decisive moment in the development of Catholic social teaching within the United States. The largest influx of immigrants in America's history, the emancipation of American slaves, and the industrial revolution had produced a new social climate in the early twentieth century, and the Church faced increasing pressure to take a stance on questions of social reform. Drawing upon Aristotelian notions of natural law ethics, Ryan outlines a very contemporary liberal concept of the just distribution of profit in relation to contribution, merit, and special talents.
Download or read book Catching Capital written by Peter Dietsch and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2015-07-01 with total page 279 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rich people stash away trillions of dollars in tax havens like Switzerland, the Cayman Islands, or Singapore. Multinational corporations shift their profits to low-tax jurisdictions like Ireland or Panama to avoid paying tax. Recent stories in the media about Apple, Google, Starbucks, and Fiat are just the tip of the iceberg. There is hardly any multinational today that respects not just the letter but also the spirit of tax laws. All this becomes possible due to tax competition, with countries strategically designing fiscal policy to attract capital from abroad. The loopholes in national tax regimes that tax competition generates and exploits draw into question political economic life as we presently know it. They undermine the fiscal autonomy of political communities and contribute to rising inequalities in income and wealth. Building on a careful analysis of the ethical challenges raised by a world of tax competition, this book puts forward a normative and institutional framework to regulate the practice. In short, individuals and corporations should pay tax in the jurisdictions of which they are members, where this membership can come in degrees. Moreover, the strategic tax setting of states should be limited in important ways. An International Tax Organisation (ITO) should be created to enforce the principles of tax justice. The author defends this call for reform against two important objections. First, Dietsch refutes the suggestion that regulating tax competition is inefficient. Second, he argues that regulation of this sort, rather than representing a constraint on national sovereignty, in fact turns out to be a requirement of sovereignty in a global economy. The book closes with a series of reflections on the obligations that the beneficiaries of tax competition have towards the losers both prior to any institutional reform as well as in its aftermath.
Download or read book Principles of Justice in Taxation written by Stephen Francis Weston and published by . This book was released on 1903 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Studies issues in taxation such as the origins, economic needs, ethics, ability to pay, and others in local, state, and federal taxation.
Download or read book Distributive Justice written by John A. Ryan and published by The Floating Press. This book was released on 2014-02-01 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prominent Catholic thinker John Ryan made significant contributions not only to the field of theology, but also in the areas of social justice and political science. In this insightful volume, Ryan addresses the moral dimension of income distribution and how it impacts the poor in ways that are immediately apparent, as well as more insidious.
Download or read book Taxation written by Martin O'Neill and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018-07-19 with total page 409 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first book to give a collective treatment of philosophical issues relating to tax. The tax system is central to the operation of states and to the ways in which states interact with individual citizens. Taxes are used by states to fund the provision of public goods and public services, to engage in direct or indirect forms of redistribution, and to mould the behaviour of individual citizens. As the contributors to this volume show, there are a number of pressing and thorny philosophical issues relating to the tax system, and these issues often connect in fascinating ways with foundational questions regarding property rights, public justification, democracy, state neutrality, stability, political psychology, and other moral and political issues. Many of these deep and fascinating philosophical questions about tax have not received as much sustained attention as they clearly merit. The aim of advancing the debate about tax in political philosophy has both general and more specific aspects, ranging across both over-arching issues regarding the tax system as a whole and more specific issues relating to particular forms of tax policy. Thinking clearly about tax is not an easy task, as much that is of central importance is missed if one proceeds at too great a level of abstraction, and issues of conceptual and normative importance often only come sharply into focus when viewed against real-world questions of implementation and feasibility. Serious philosophical work on the tax system will often therefore need to be interdisciplinary, and so the discussion in this book includes a number of scholars whose expertise spans across neighbouring disciplines to philosophy, including political science, economics, public policy, and law.
Download or read book Ethics and Taxation written by Robert F. van Brederode and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-11-02 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book does not present a single philosophical approach to taxation and ethics, but instead demonstrates the divergence in opinions and approaches using a framework consisting of three broad categories: tax policy and design of tax law; ethical standards for tax advisors and taxpayers; and tax law enforcement. In turn, the book addresses a number of moral questions in connection with taxes, concerning such topics as: • the nature of government • the relation between government (the state) and its subjects or citizens • the moral justification of taxes• the link between property and taxation• tax planning, evasion and avoidance • corporate social responsibility• the use of coercive power in collecting taxes and enforcing tax laws • ethical standards for tax advisors • tax payer rights • the balance between individual rights to liberty and privacy, and government compliance and information requirements • the moral justification underlying the efforts of legislators and policymakers to restructure society and steer individual and corporate behavior.
Download or read book Tax Justice written by Joseph J. Thorndike and published by The Urban Insitute. This book was released on 2002 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "As inequalities in wealth and income have widened over the past two decades, renewed attention has been focused on the question of 'tax justice'--i.e., to what extent the tax system should be use to redress socioeconomic disparities. This collection brings together leading scholars from law, history, and economics to examine the question from several angles." Kirk J. Stark [back cover].
Download or read book What s Fair written by Jennifer L. Hochschild and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 1981 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using a long questionnaire and in-depth interviews, Hochschild examines the ideals and contemporary practices of Americans on the subject of distributive justice, and discovers neither the rich nor the nonrich support the downward redistribution of wealth.
