Download or read book Distribution and Mechanism of Energy Exchange Between the Tropical Oceans and Atmosphere written by Michael Garstang and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Observations of Surface to Atmosphere Interactions in the Tropics written by Michael Garstang and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1999 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Called the firebox of the atmosphere, the tropics absorb more energy from the Sun than they lose through longwave emissions; this excess energy activates processes in the temperate and polar regions of the Earth. This book documents the historical evolution of concepts which describe the complex interactions of scales of motion which connect the surface, mixed, and cloud layers to the deeper atmosphere of the tropics. Thermodynamic and kinematic consequences of these transfers of energy are extended to the geochemical and living worlds.
Download or read book Collected Reprints Essa Institute for Oceanography written by and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 582 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Collected Reprints written by and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 584 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Energy Exchange Between Sea and Atmosphere and Some of Its Consequences written by Woodrow Cooper Jacobs and published by . This book was released on 1948 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Collected Reprints written by Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratories and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 612 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Technical Abstract Bulletin written by and published by . This book was released on with total page 780 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book An Energetic Perspective on the Tropical Atmosphere and Its Response to Climate Warming written by Margaret Louise Duffy and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis evaluates the dynamics of the tropical atmosphere and its response to warming using energetic approaches. We focus on three features of the atmosphere over tropical oceans: the response of precipitation to warming, the gross moist stability (GMS), and the response of the Pacific Walker circulation (WC) to warming. There have been a number of mechanisms proposed to explain the response of precipitation to warming. The ``wet-get-wetter'' mechanism describes an amplification of the pattern of precipitation in a moister atmosphere, and the ``warmer-get-wetter'' mechanism describes enhanced upward motion and precipitation in regions where the increase in sea surface temperature (SST) exceeds its tropical-mean increase. Studies of the current climate have shown that surface convergence (SC) over the tropical oceans is largely driven by horizontal gradients of low-level temperature. Chapter 2 finds that a ``Laplacian-of-warming'' mechanism is of comparable importance to wet get wetter and warmer get wetter for the response of precipitation to climate change over tropical oceans. The GMS quantifies the energy import or export of a circulation but, despite its importance, is a difficult quantity to understand and to observe. Chapter 3 approximates the vertical GMS using SST and the Laplacian of SST and finds that the approximation works well in the mean and seasonal cycle. There is uncertainty about the sign and magnitude of the response of the WC to warming. Chapter 4 finds a strong relationship between GMS response and WC strength response across a hierarchy of GCMs. Further, Chapter 4 finds that WC strength and GMS responses are sensitive to the degree of parameterized convective entrainment, but that the spread in GMS responses due to differing entrainment rates is smaller than the spread in GMS response across CMIP5 models. Taken together, this thesis progresses our understanding of the tropical circulation and precipitation pattern and its response to warming.
Download or read book Studies of Energy Exchange Processes Between the Ocean ground Surface and Atmosphere written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Practical Handbook of Marine Science written by Michael J. Kennish and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-07-12 with total page 509 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The heavily-revised Practical Handbook of Marine Science, Fourth Edition continues its tradition as a state-of-the-art reference that updates the field of marine science to meet the interdisciplinary research needs of physical oceanographers, marine biologists, marine chemists, and marine geologists. This edition adds an entirely new section devoted to Climate Change and Climate Change Effects. It also adds new sections on Estuaries, Beaches, Barrier Islands, Shellfish, Macroalgae, Food Chains, Food Webs, Trophic Dynamics, System Productivity, Physical-Chemical-Biological Alteration, and Coastal Resource Management. The Handbook assembles an extensive international collection of marine science data throughout, with approximately 1,000 tables and illustrations. It provides comprehensive coverage of anthropogenic impacts in estuarine and marine ecosystems from local, regional, and global perspectives. Maintaining its user-friendly, multi-sectional format, this comprehensive resource will also be of value to undergraduate and graduate students, research scientists, administrators, and other professionals who deal with the management of marine resources. Now published in full color, the new edition offers extensive illustrative and tabular reference material covering all the major disciplines related to the sea.
Download or read book Marine Research written by and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 764 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Dynamics of the Tropical Atmosphere and Oceans written by Peter J. Webster and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-06-08 with total page 529 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a unique and comprehensive view of the fundamental dynamical and thermodynamic principles underlying the large circulations of the coupled ocean-atmosphere system Dynamics of The Tropical Atmosphere and Oceans provides a detailed description of macroscale tropical circulation systems such as the monsoon, the Hadley and Walker Circulations, El Niño, and the tropical ocean warm pool. These macroscale circulations interact with a myriad of higher frequency systems, ranging from convective cloud systems to migrating equatorial waves that attend the low-frequency background flow. Towards understanding and predicting these circulation systems. A comprehensive overview of the dynamics and thermodynamics of large-scale tropical atmosphere and oceans is presented using both a “reductionist” and “holistic” perspectives of the coupled tropical system. The reductionist perspective provides a detailed description of the individual elements of the ocean and atmospheric circulations. The physical nature of each component of the tropical circulation such as the Hadley and Walker circulations, the monsoon, the incursion of extratropical phenomena into the tropics, precipitation distributions, equatorial waves and disturbances described in detail. The holistic perspective provides a physical description of how the collection of the individual components produces the observed tropical weather and climate. How the collective tropical processes determine the tropical circulation and their role in global weather and climate is provided in a series of overlapping theoretical and modelling constructs. The structure of the book follows a graduated framework. Following a detailed description of tropical phenomenology, the reader is introduced to dynamical and thermodynamical constraints that guide the planetary climate and establish a critical role for the tropics. Equatorial wave theory is developed for simple and complex background flows, including the critical role played by moist processes. The manner in which the tropics and the extratropics interact is then described, followed by a discussion of the physics behind the subtropical and near-equatorial precipitation including arid regions. The El Niño phenomena and the monsoon circulations are discussed, including their covariance and predictability. Finally, the changing structure of the tropics is discussed in terms of the extent of the tropical ocean warm pool and its relationship to the intensity of global convection and climate change. Dynamics of the Tropical Atmosphere and Oceans is aimed at advanced undergraduate and early career graduate students. It also serves as an excellent general reference book for scientists interested in tropical circulations and their relationship with the broader climate system.
Download or read book Synoptic Scale Energy Fluxes Between Tropical Oceans and Atmosphere written by Michael Garstang and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Izvestiya written by Akademii͡a nauk SSSR. and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ocean Atmosphere Interactions written by Y. Toba and published by The Rosen Publishing Group. This book was released on 2003-08-31 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents an up-to-date analysis of ocean-atmosphere interaction. Well known experts examine diverse subjects such as ocean surface waves, air-sea exchange processes, ocean surface mixed layer, water-mass formation, as well as general circulation of the oceans, El Nino and Southern Oscillation (ENSO), and the deep-ocean circulation. Other areas described are basic dynamics, data analysis techniques, numerical modelling, and remote sensing. This book is primarily aimed at graduate and senior undergraduate courses in the area of ocean-atmosphere research.
Download or read book Atmosphere Weather and Climate written by Roger Graham Barry and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2003 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Atmosphere, Weather and Climateis the essential introduction to weather processes and climatic conditions around the world, their observed variability and changes, and projected future trends. Extensively revised and updated, this eighth edition retains its popular tried and tested structure while incorporating recent advances in the field. From clear explanations of the basic physical and chemical principles of the atmosphere, to descriptions of regional climates and their changes, Atmosphere, Weather and Climatepresents a comprehensive coverage of global meteorology and climatology.
