Download or read book The dissolution of calcite in aqueous solution at pH4 pH kinetics and mechanism written by Richard G. Compton and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Kinetics and Mechanism of Calcite Dissolution in Aqueous Solutions at Low Temperatures written by E. Lennart Sjöberg and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Kinetics and Mechanism of Calcite Dissolution in Aqueous Solutions at Low Temperatures written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Chemical Equilibria and Kinetics in Soils written by Garrison Sposito and published by Oxford University Press on Demand. This book was released on 1994 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book develops a unified, comprehensive account of the important chemical processes in soils that can be described by reactions. The perspective taken is that of chemical thermodynamics and kinetics applied to soil systems in detail in order to provide an understanding of phenomena ranging from complexation reactions to colloidal flocculation. Problem sets are included at the end of each chapter.
Download or read book The Influence of Transport and Reaction on Wormhole Formation in Carbonate Porous Media written by Christopher N. Fredd and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Dissolution of Calcite PH Greater Than 7 Kinetics and Mechanism written by R. G. Compton and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Carbonates written by Richard J. Reeder and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2018-12-17 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume 11 of Reviews in Mineralogy attempts to synthesize our present understanding of certain aspects of the mineralogy and chemistry of the rock-forming carbonates. This review follows, by ten years, a major assessment of (sedimentary) carbonate minerals by Lippmann (1973). There is only minor overlap of subject material, and I hope that this difference reflects fairly how this field has developed. In this volume, some of the papers are general (i.e., those addressing crystal chemistry and phase relations), and they provide overviews of a fundamental nature and are of interest to many. Others are more specialized in coverage and generally reflect the different approaches used in carbonate geochemistry. The final chapter introduces transmission electron microscopy, a relatively new and powerful technique for mineralogical research that has great potential in carbonate research.
Download or read book Calcite Dissolution Kinetics at the Sediment water Interface in an Acidifying Ocean written by Olivier Sulpis and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Carbon dioxide (CO2), produced and released to the atmosphere by human activities, has been accumulating in the oceans for approximately two centuries and will continue to do so well beyond the end of this century if emissions are not curbed. One direct consequence of CO2 build-up in the atmosphere and its transfer to the ocean is the acidification of seawater. Calcite, a mineral secreted by many organisms living in the surface ocean to produce their shells and skeletons, covers a large part of the seafloor and acts as a natural anti-acid, neutralizing CO2. Thus, a precise knowledge of the kinetics of this dissolution reaction is necessary to predict the ocean recovery time towards its pre-acidification state once anthropogenic CO2 emissions are curbed. This thesis combines laboratory experiments, oceanographic measurements and model outputs to explore and unravel the mechanisms that control calcite dissolution at the sediment-water interface (SWI) on the seafloor in the context of current anthropogenic ocean acidification. Using a newly developed temperature-controlled rotating-disk reactor, as well as a stirred reactor, we were able to measure the rate of dissolution of simulated and natural sediment disks of variable calcite content under environmental and hydrodynamic conditions representative of deep-sea benthic environments. These experiments revealed that, in contrast to the reigning paradigm that calcite dissolution kinetics in seawater is surface reaction-controlled and of high order, calcite dissolution at the SWI and under deep-sea conditions is linearly dependent on the undersaturation state of the overlying seawater with respect to calcite and controlled by the presence of a diffusive-boundary layer (DBL) above the sediment bed. Therefore, irrespective of the mineralogy and sediment properties, the dissolution rate is simply a function of the saturation state of the overlying seawater with respect to calcite, the calcite content of the sediment, and hydrodynamics at the seafloor. From these observations, using a compilation of seawater chemical variables in the global ocean, corresponding sediment calcite content and rain rates, as well as recently modeled bottom current velocities, we have been able to identify the loci of current anthropogenic calcite dissolution and its rate. We found that significant anthropogenic dissolution of calcite at the seafloor currently occurs in the western North Atlantic, where the bottom waters are youngest, and at various hot spots in the southern Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans. Using model projections for the 21st century, under a “business as usual” scenario, we found that while seawater will become more corrosive to this mineral, calcite dissolution at the seafloor will decrease in intensity because bottom currents will slow down and the amount of calcite particles delivered to the seafloor will diminish. These results indicate that the neutralization of human-made CO2 by calcite dissolution at the seafloor may take longer than previously thought. These findings are of critical interest to the scientific community and the public, as these results have far reaching implications for ocean acidification mitigation, to the fate of benthic communities living under increasing environmental stress, and to geologists contemplating both present and past records of ocean acidification"--
Download or read book Kinetics of Water Rock Interaction written by Susan Brantley and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-12-29 with total page 843 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Geochemical kinetics as a topic is now of importance to a wide range of geochemists in academia, industry, and government, and all geochemists need a rudimentary knowledge of the field. This book summarizes the fundamentals of geochemical kinetics with examples drawn especially from mineral dissolution and precipitation. It also encompasses discussion of high temperature processes and global geochemical cycle modeling. Analysis of textures of rocks, sediments, and mineral surfaces are incorporated throughout and provide a sub-theme of the book.
Download or read book Aqueous Environmental Geochemistry written by Donald Langmuir and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 616 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers thorough, up-to-date coverage of controls on the chemical quality of surface and subsurface waters, both pristine and polluted, with an emphasis on problem-solving and practical applications. The text is appropriate for courses in aqueous geochemistry or aquatic chemistry. Desirable prerequisites are introductory courses or the equivalent in thermodynamics and solution chemistry, and in physical geology including mineralogy.
Download or read book Calcite Dissolution Kinetics and Solubility in Na Ca Mg Cl Brines of Geologically Relevant Composition at 0 1 to 1 Bar PCO2 and 25 to 80 C written by Dwight Kuehl Gledhill and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sedimentary basins can contain close to 20% by volume pore fluids that are commonly classified as brines. These fluids can become undersaturated with respect to calcite as a result of processes such as migration, dispersive mixing, or anthropogenic injection of CO2. This study measured calcite solubility and dissolution rates in geologically relevant Na-Ca-Mg-Cl synthetic brines (35 to 200 g L−1 TDS). In brines 50 g L−1 TDS, the EQPITZER calculated calcium carbonate ion activity product (IAP) at steady-state was in reasonable agreement ("10%) with the thermodynamic solubility constant for calcite (K[subscript]c). However, the IAP systematically exceeded K[subscript]c in more concentrated brines. The deviation was strongly correlated with calcium concentration and also was observed in magnesium-free solutions. This is interpreted as an uncertainty in the carbonate ion activity coefficient, and minor adjustment in stoichiometric association constants (K*[subscript]M2+CO0[over]3) for the CaCO0[over]3 or MgCo0[over]3 ion pairs would correct for the error. The dissolution rate dependency on brine composition, pCO2 (0.1 to 1 bar), and temperature (25.0 to 82.5 °C) was modeled using the empirical rate equation R = k(1-[omega]0 [superscript]n where R is the rate, k and n are empirical fitting terms, and [omega] the degree of disequilibrium with respect to calcite. When [omega] was defined relative to an apparent kinetic solubility, n could be assumed first-order over the range of [omega] investigated ([omega] = 0.2 to 1.0). Rates increased with increasing pCO2 as did the sensitivity to brine concentration. At 0.1 bar, rates were nearly independent of concentration (k = 13.0 "2.0 x 10−3 moles m−1 hr−1). However, at higher CO2 partial pressures rates became composition dependent and the rate constant, k, was shown to be a function of temperature, pCO2, ionic strength, and calcium and magnesium activity. The rate constant (k) can be estimated from a multiple regression (MR) model of the form [unable to replicate formula]. A relatively high activation energy (E[subscript]a = 20 kJ mol−1) was measured, along with a stirring rate independence suggesting the dissolution is dominated by surface controlled processes at saturation states [omega] 0.2 in these calcium-rich brines. These findings offer important implications to reaction-transport models in carbonate-bearing saline reservoirs.
Download or read book A Rotating Disk Study of the Mechanisms of Calcite Dissolution in the Presence of Environmentally Benign Polyaspartic Acid written by Kathie Lee Burns and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 141 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Keywords: polyelectrolytes, environmentally friendly, scale inhibition, scale dissolution, calcium carbonate dissolution, dissolution kinetics.
Download or read book Aquatic Chemical Kinetics written by Werner Stumm and published by Wiley-Interscience. This book was released on 1990-08-09 with total page 568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aquatic Chemistry An Introduction Emphasizing Chemical Equilibria in Natural Waters Second Edition Edited by Werner Stumm and James J. Morgan This second edition of the renowned classic unites concepts, applications, and techniques with the growing amounts of data in the field. Expanded treatment is offered on steady-state and dynamic models employing mass-balance approaches and kinetic information. New chapters address such topics as: environmental aspects of aquatic chemistry; new material on organic compounds in natural water systems; the use of stable and radioactive isotopes in chemical and physical processes; the latest advances in marine chemistry; solid-solution interface; kinetic considerations of equilibria; metal-ligand interactions; and an expanded compilation of thermodynamic data for important reactions in natural water systems. 1981 (0 471-04831-3) Cloth 780 pp. (0 471-09173-1) Paper Chemical Processes in Lakes Edited by Werner Stumm This is a multidisciplinary analysis of recent research on the physical, chemical, and biological processes in aquatic systems. Coverage includes: distribution of elements and compounds in water and sediments; sedimentation and sediment accumulation of nutrients and pollutants; eurtophication and acidification; atmospheric deposition; redox-related geochemistry and sediment-water exchange of nutrients and metals; sediment dating and paleolimnology; and steady-state and dynamic models. Most chapters focus on the role of biological processes and the coupling of elemental cycles by organisms. 1985 (0 471-88261-5) 435 pp. Principles of Aquatic Chemistry Francois M. M. Morel Here is a quantitative treatment of the chemical principles that govern the composition of natural waters. Features include an in-depth examination of the use of conservation principles in chemical systems, a review of thermodynamic and kinetic principles applicable to aquatic systems, and a novel presentation of a systematic methodology for equilibrium calculations. Detailed coverage is provided on the topic of aquatic chemistry, following the traditional divisions of acid-base, precipitation-dissolution, coordination, redox and surface reactions. 1983 (0 471-08683-5) 446 pp.
Download or read book Public Roads of Tennessee written by and published by . This book was released on 1906 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Kinetics of Calcite Dissolution written by Larry Chester Muszynski and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Geochemistry written by William M. White and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-01-22 with total page 1218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive introduction to the field of geochemistry. The book first lays out the ‘geochemical toolbox’: the basic principles and techniques of modern geochemistry, beginning with a review of thermodynamics and kinetics as they apply to the Earth and its environs. These basic concepts are then applied to understanding processes in aqueous systems and the behavior of trace elements in magmatic systems. Subsequent chapters introduce radiogenic and stable isotope geochemistry and illustrate their application to such diverse topics as determining geologic time, ancient climates, and the diets of prehistoric peoples. The focus then broadens to the formation of the solar system, the Earth, and the elements themselves. Then the composition of the Earth itself becomes the topic, examining the composition of the core, the mantle, and the crust and exploring how this structure originated. A final chapter covers organic chemistry, including the origin of fossil fuels and the carbon cycle’s role in controlling Earth’s climate, both in the geologic past and the rapidly changing present. Geochemistry is essential reading for all earth science students, as well as for researchers and applied scientists who require an introduction to the essential theory of geochemistry, and a survey of its applications in the earth and environmental sciences. Additional resources can be found at: www.wiley.com/go/white/geochemistry
Download or read book Marine Carbon Biogeochemistry written by Jack J. Middelburg and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-01-25 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book discusses biogeochemical processes relevant to carbon and aims to provide readers, graduate students and researchers, with insight into the functioning of marine ecosystems. A carbon centric approach has been adopted, but other elements are included where relevant or needed. The book focuses on concepts and quantitative understanding of primary production, organic matter mineralization and sediment biogeochemistry. The impact of biogeochemical processes on inorganic carbon dynamics and organic matter transformation are also discussed.
