Download or read book Disruptive Emergent Systems in Disaster Response written by Kristopher M. Thornburg and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 133 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 2017 hurricanes in the southern United States provided an impetus for wider social technology use than during previous disaster responses. Hurricane survivors rapidly turned to social media for help, while physically unaffected social media users crowdsourced emergent crisis mapping systems. Volunteers unaffiliated with first responder organizations conducted rescues based on those systems to form new response systems. These new, disruptive emergent systems displaced, supplemented, or filled gaps in the established, federally managed responses. This research examined disruptive emergent systems and associated effects on disaster responses. A total of thirteen disruptive emergent systems from four hurricane responses were analyzed. This research resulted in a set of eight features and an ontological visualization of disruptive emergent systems. The results show that disruptive emergent systems demonstrated supply responses to survivor demand. That is, these systems emerged through particular capability and organizational mechanism conditions to satisfy survivor demands. Cultural motivations provided the call to action for many of these disruptive emergent systems. These features can be used to understand disruptive emergent systems in the context of future disaster responses.
Download or read book Disruptive Emergent Systems in Disaster Response Study of Hurricane Katrina Sandy Maria Harvey Innovation Use of Social Media and Volunteers to Fill Gaps in Federally Managed Responses written by U S Military and published by . This book was released on 2019-06-15 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 2017 hurricanes in the southern United States provided an impetus for wider social technology use than during previous disaster responses. Hurricane survivors rapidly turned to social media for help, while physically unaffected social media users crowdsourced emergent crisis mapping systems. Volunteers unaffiliated with first responder organizations conducted rescues based on those systems to form new response systems. These new, disruptive emergent systems displaced, supplemented, or filled gaps in the established, federally managed responses. This research examined disruptive emergent systems and associated effects on disaster responses.A total of thirteen disruptive emergent systems from four hurricane responses were analyzed. This research resulted in a set of eight features and an ontological visualization of disruptive emergent systems. The results show that disruptive emergent systems demonstrated supply responses to survivor demand. That is, these systems emerged through particular capability and organizational mechanism conditions to satisfy survivor demands. Cultural motivations provided the call to action for many of these disruptive emergent systems. These features can be used to understand disruptive emergent systems in the context of future disaster responses.This compilation includes a reproduction of the 2019 Worldwide Threat Assessment of the U.S. Intelligence Community.This research sought to reveal the effects of disruptive emergent systems on established disaster response systems. Four major hurricane responses were selected for analysis: Hurricanes Katrina (2005), Sandy (2012), Harvey (2017), and Maria (2017). These hurricanes represent the costliest U.S. hurricanes on record as of mid-2018. Damage due to high winds and flooding were widespread. The scale of the damage and large response areas produced two important effects. The first was that federal response resources were spread thin and dispersed over the affected areas. The second was that the disaster scale, combined with scarce federal resources, provided conditions for need-based emergent solutions. In other words, emergent systems arose based on survivor needs that were not being met in an acceptable timeframe. It is not surprising that emergent systems were developed to provide solutions for the many immediate needs in the aftermath of these each of these hurricanes. A total of thirteen disruptive emergent systems from the four different hurricane responses were analyzed in this research. A constant comparative grounded theory approach was used to identify properties and features of the disruptive emergent systems. Each system was also analyzed in terms of the National Response Framework's Emergency Support Functions and core capabilities. The analysis showed that disruptive emergent systems are likely to supplement ongoing response activities or fill gaps in Emergency Support Functions and core capabilities. This research also discovered that these systems emerge based on survivor demand conditions and motivations along with available capabilities and culture.
Download or read book On Disaster Response and Emergent Systems written by N.C Simpson and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Disaster response is not readily categorized by the influential taxonomies of operations management (OM). Through the inductive research process of iterative triangulation, we identify patterns of evidence in case studies and other literature to develop a new taxonomy for OM, one which explicitly positions disaster-related operations relative to other industries. This new taxonomy divides the OM domain into the four categories of prescriptive, compliant, swarm and emergent systems. Closer examination of those systems grouped into the emergent sector reveals intriguing similarities between operations such as disaster response and endeavors such as rapid software development and artistic ensembles. These similarities include the simultaneous use of hierarchical and collaborative organizational structures, dual reliance on well-developed rules and provisions to break them, the concept of trajectory as a performance metric, the use of short, iterative planning cycles and a reliance on unstructured communication through some open forum. Each of these patterns suggests research opportunities to further OM's understanding of how best to operate in a highly uncertain environment, findings of potential value to both disaster response and any 'normal' business that might suffer disruption.
Download or read book Flirting with Disaster written by Saundra K. Schneider and published by M.E. Sharpe. This book was released on 1995 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Flirting with Disaster is the first thorough examination of government successes and failures in responding to natural disaster situations. The author contrasts the bureaucratic principles that dominate governmental activity with the disruptive effects of disaster and the forms of human behavior that emerge during disaster situations. By comparing case studies of Hurricane Hugo, Hurricane Andrew, the Loma Prieta earthquake, and the 1990 floods in South Carolina, the author is able to identify the factors that contribute to effective response to disasters and the conditions under which relatively minor crises may lead to system breakdown. The book looks at an extremely important but previously unexamined area of public administration and public policy; presents a general theory of governmental performance in natural disaster situations; identifies factors contributing to government success or failure in coping with disasters; offers fresh insights into how the government can improve its response in disaster situations; and integrates insights from emergency management studies, agenda-building research, and the study of collective behavior.
Download or read book Case Studies in Disaster Response written by Shirley Feldmann-Jensen and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2024-02-13 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Case Studies in Disaster Response, the latest release in the Disaster and Emergency Management: Case Studies in Adaptation and Innovation series, focuses on the key functions performed in the emergency response to a disaster, how these functions are coordinated, and typical challenges and issues that emerge. Cases address both hazard- and response-generated needs. Also explored are the needs generated by emergent threats (e.g., Ebola crisis), emergent technologies (e.g., social media), and emergent groups (e.g., social innovation teams) that set the stage for innovation and adaption. - Presents in-depth cases studies in disaster response, one of the phases of disaster management - Unites practice and research from multiple disciplines to highlight the complexity of disasters preparedness, including environmental and earth sciences, engineering, public health, geography, sociology, and anthropology, humanitarian aid, emergent threats, disaster response and resilience - Examines policy and ethical dilemmas faced by decision-makers in disaster response situations
Download or read book Dealing with Disaster written by Saundra K. Schneider and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-12-18 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Now updated with examples through 2010, this classic study examines the disruptive effects of disasters on patterns of human behavior and the operations of government, and the conditions under which even relatively minor crises can lead to system breakdown.
Download or read book Introduction to Emergency Management and Disaster Science written by Brenda D. Phillips and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-12-30 with total page 395 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A definitive resource, the Introduction to Emergency Management and Disaster Science presents the essentials to better understand and manage disasters. The third edition of this popular text has been revised and updated to provide a substantively enriched and evidence-based guide for students and emerging professionals. The new emphasis on disaster science places it at the forefront of a rapidly evolving field. This third edition offers important updates, including: Newly commissioned insights from former students and professional colleagues involved with emergency management practice and disaster science; international policies, programs, and practices; and socially vulnerable populations. Significantly enriched content and coverage of new disasters and recent research, particularly the worldwide implications of climate change and pandemics. Pedagogical features like chapter objectives, key terms and definitions, discussion points and resources. The only textbook authored by three winners of the Blanchard Award for excellence in emergency management instruction. The Introduction to Emergency Management and Disaster Science is a must-have textbook for graduate and undergraduate students and is also an excellent source of information for researchers and professionals.
Download or read book Facing Hazards and Disasters written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2006-09-10 with total page 409 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Social science research conducted since the late 1970's has contributed greatly to society's ability to mitigate and adapt to natural, technological, and willful disasters. However, as evidenced by Hurricane Katrina, the Indian Ocean tsunami, the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks on the United States, and other recent events, hazards and disaster research and its application could be improved greatly. In particular, more studies should be pursued that compare how the characteristics of different types of events-including predictability, forewarning, magnitude, and duration of impact-affect societal vulnerability and response. This book includes more than thirty recommendations for the hazards and disaster community.
Download or read book Disasters 2 0 written by Adam Crowe and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-04-10 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Emerging social media and so-called Web 2.0 technologies will continue to have a great impact on the practice and application of the emergency management function in every public safety sector. Disasters 2.0: The Application of Social Media Systems for Modern Emergency Management prepares emergency managers and first responders to successfully apply social media principles in the operations, logistics, planning, finance, and administrative aspects of any given disaster. Using real-life examples of domestic and international disasters, the book reveals how social media has quickly become a powerful tool for both providing emergency instruction to the public in real time and allowing responding agencies to communicate among themselves in crisis. A definitive and comprehensive source, the book explores topics such as: Social media basics Citizen journalism Strategic implementation Safety and responsibility Monitoring and analytics Operational implementation Geolocation systems Crowdsourcing Public notification Mobile and other emerging technologies Each chapter begins with a list of objectives and includes a collection of case examples of social media use in past events. Practitioner profiles show real people implementing the technology for real solutions. Demonstrating how to effectively apply social media technology to the next crisis, this is a must-read book for those charged with disaster management and response.
Download or read book Emerging Technologies for Disaster Resilience written by Mihoko Sakurai and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-05-06 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Technological advances have helped to enhance disaster resilience through better risk reduction, response, mitigation, rehabilitation and reconstruction. In former times, it was local and traditional knowledge that was mainly relied upon for disaster risk reduction. Much of this local knowledge is still valid in today’s world, even though possibly in different forms and contexts, and local knowledge remains a shared part of life within the communities. In contrast, with the advent of science and technology, scientists and engineers have become owners of advanced technologies, which have contributed significantly to reducing disaster risks across the globe. This book analyses emerging technologies and their effects in enhancing disaster resilience. It also evaluates the gaps, challenges, capacities required and the way forward for future disaster management. A wide variety of technologies are addressed, focusing specifically on new technologies such as cyber physical systems, geotechnology, drone, and virtual reality (VR)/ augmented reality (AR). Other sets of emerging advanced technologies including an early warning system and a decision support system are also reported on. Moreover, the book provides a variety of discussions regarding information management, communication, and community resilience at the time of a disaster. This book’s coverage of different aspects of new technologies makes it a valuable resource for students, researchers, academics, policymakers, and development practitioners.
Download or read book Information Systems for Emergency Management written by Bartel Van De Walle and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-12-18 with total page 493 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides the most current and comprehensive overview available today of the critical role of information systems in emergency response and preparedness. It includes contributions from leading scholars, practitioners, and industry researchers, and covers all phases of disaster management - mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery. 'Foundational' chapters provide a design framework and review ethical issues. 'Context' chapters describe the characteristics of individuals and organizations in which EMIS are designed and studied. 'Case Study' chapters include systems for distributed microbiology laboratory diagnostics to detect possible epidemics or bioterrorism, humanitarian MIS, and response coordination systems. 'Systems Design and Technology' chapters cover simulation, geocollaborative systems, global disaster impact analysis, and environmental risk analysis. Throughout the book, the editors and contributors give special emphasis to the importance of assessing the practical usefulness of new information systems for supporting emergency preparedness and response, rather than drawing conclusions from a theoretical understanding of the potential benefits of new technologies.
Download or read book Disaster Health Management written by Gerry FitzGerald and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2024-01-17 with total page 551 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second edition of this leading textbook provides the definitive guide to disaster health management. From the key concepts, principles and terminology, to systems for mitigation, planning, response and recovery, it gives readers a comprehensive overview of every aspect of this emerging field. Split into eight parts, the book begins by drawing the parameters of disaster health management before outlining key elements such as communication, community engagement and legal issues. It then moves on to discuss preparing for potential disasters, managing and mitigating their impact, and then recovering in the aftermath. Offering key insights into evaluation, leadership and the psychosocial aspects of disaster health management, the new edition also features a range of international case studies, including those outlining the management of COVID-19. It is essential reading for both students and practitioners engaging in this important work.
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Crisis Management written by K. Bradley Penuel and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 2013-02-14 with total page 1177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although now a growing and respectable research field, crisis management—as a formal area of study—is relatively young, having emerged since the 1980s following a succession of such calamities as the Bhopal gas leak, Chernobyl nuclear accident, Space Shuttle Challenger loss, and Exxon Valdez oil spill. Analysis of organizational failures that caused such events helped drive the emerging field of crisis management. Simultaneously, the world has experienced a number of devastating natural disasters: Hurricane Katrina, the Japanese earthquake and tsunami, etc. From such crises, both human-induced and natural, we have learned our modern, tightly interconnected and interdependent society is simply more vulnerable to disruption than in the past. This interconnectedness is made possible in part by crisis management and increases our reliance upon it. As such, crisis management is as beneficial and crucial today as information technology has become over the last few decades. Crisis is varied and unavoidable. While the examples highlighted above were extreme, we see crisis every day within organizations, governments, businesses and the economy. A true crisis differs from a "routine" emergency, such as a water pipe bursting in the kitchen. Per one definition, "it is associated with urgent, high-stakes challenges in which the outcomes can vary widely (and are very negative at one end of the spectrum) and will depend on the actions taken by those involved." Successfully engaging, dealing with, and working through a crisis requires an understanding of options and tools for individual and joint decision making. Our Encyclopedia of Crisis Management comprehensively overviews concepts and techniques for effectively assessing, analyzing, managing, and resolving crises, whether they be organizational, business, community, or political. From general theories and concepts exploring the meaning and causes of crisis to practical strategies and techniques relevant to crises of specific types, crisis management is thoroughly explored. Features & Benefits: A collection of 385 signed entries are organized in A-to-Z fashion in 2 volumes available in both print and electronic formats. Entries conclude with Cross-References and Further Readings to guide students to in-depth resources. Selected entries feature boxed case studies, providing students with "lessons learned" in how various crises were successfully or unsuccessfully managed and why. Although organized A-to-Z, a thematic "Reader′s Guide" in the front matter groups related entries by broad areas (e.g., Agencies & Organizations, Theories & Techniques, Economic Crises, etc.). Also in the front matter, a Chronology provides students with historical perspective on the development of crisis management as a discrete field of study. The work concludes with a comprehensive Index, which—in the electronic version—combines with the Reader′s Guide and Cross-References to provide thorough search-and-browse capabilities. A template for an "All-Hazards Preparedness Plan" is provided the backmatter; the electronic version of this allows students to explore customized response plans for crises of various sorts. Appendices also include a Resource Guide to classic books, journals, and internet resources in the field, a Glossary, and a vetted list of crisis management-related degree programs, crisis management conferences, etc.
Download or read book Disaster Management and Information Technology written by Hans Jochen Scholl and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-03-31 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited book entertains a multitude of perspectives on crisis information management systems (CIMS)-based disaster response and recovery management. The use of information technology in disaster management has become the central means for collecting, vetting, and distributing information. It also serves as the backbone for coordination and collaboration between response and recovery units as well as resource management tool. This edited volume aims at covering the whole range of application and uses of CIMS in disaster response and recovery. It showcases coordination and collaboration mechanisms between government agencies, the involvement of non-governmental entities, lessons learned as well as lessons not learned, approaches to disaster resiliency in society, community engagement in disaster/catastrophe responses and recovery, and, particularly, the role of CIMS in response and recovery. Serving as a platform for showcasing recent academic discoveries as well as a knowledge source for practitioners, this volume will be of interest to researchers and practitioners interested in disaster response, public administration, emergency management, and information systems.
Download or read book The Sociology of Disruption Disaster and Social Change written by Hendrik Vollmer and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-04-18 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hendrik Vollmer explores how disruption triggers social change, refocusing members of a collective on matters of membership, status and coalition.
Download or read book New Perspectives on the Role of Transportation Systems in Disaster Resilience written by Riffat Islam and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Natural disasters such as hurricanes and tornadoes can cause significant disruption to transportation systems, making emergency response efforts challenging. To enhance disaster resilience, transportation systems must be able to effectively respond and assist in emergency situations. This dissertation examined the impact of transportation systems on disaster resilience by exploring various research studies, analyzing public attitudes toward adopting emerging technologies, and assessing the practical implications of these technologies in disaster scenarios. The dissertation is therefore divided into three separate but related studies.In the first part of this dissertation, a systematic literature review was conducted to investigate the critical roles of transportation systems in emergency response during a hurricane. A total of 86 scholarly publications were examined to assess the broader functions of transportation systems concerning hurricanes, with a particular focus on the transportation modes utilized and the research methodologies employed. The second part of this dissertation investigates the willingness to use shared autonomous vehicles (SAVs) during tornadic events. The study used a survey to measure the willingness of Alabama residents to use SAVs to reach a community shelter during tornado events. The third part of this dissertation simulates a dynamic ridesharing operation to explore the potential of SAVs in evacuating vulnerable populations during tornado early warning in Tuscaloosa County, Alabama. Finally, the dissertation delves into how transportation systems can bolster disaster resilience while ensuring equitable access to emerging technologies. The outcomes of this dissertation will offer helpful directions for future research and serve as a valuable resource for emergency management agencies seeking to create effective transportation plans in response to disasters.
Download or read book Information Systems for Emergency Management written by Bartel Van De Walle and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-12-18 with total page 423 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides the most current and comprehensive overview available today of the critical role of information systems in emergency response and preparedness. It includes contributions from leading scholars, practitioners, and industry researchers, and covers all phases of disaster management - mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery. 'Foundational' chapters provide a design framework and review ethical issues. 'Context' chapters describe the characteristics of individuals and organizations in which EMIS are designed and studied. 'Case Study' chapters include systems for distributed microbiology laboratory diagnostics to detect possible epidemics or bioterrorism, humanitarian MIS, and response coordination systems. 'Systems Design and Technology' chapters cover simulation, geocollaborative systems, global disaster impact analysis, and environmental risk analysis. Throughout the book, the editors and contributors give special emphasis to the importance of assessing the practical usefulness of new information systems for supporting emergency preparedness and response, rather than drawing conclusions from a theoretical understanding of the potential benefits of new technologies.
