Download or read book Dispersion and Self assembly of Nanospheres and Nanorods in Polymer Nanocomposites written by Ranjan Deepak Deshmukh and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Polymer nanocomposites are hybrid nanomaterials in which electrical, opto-electronic, magnetic, mechanical and other properties can be precisely tuned by choosing an appropriate combination of nanoparticle (NP) and polymer. This dissertation explores in-situ and ex-situ routes to disperse metal NP in polymers as well as the fundamental thermodynamic and dynamic principles underlying the NP dispersion in polymers. "In-situ" silver NP are prepared by the thermal decomposition of an organometallic precursor (1,1,1,5,5,5-hexafluoroacetylacetonato)silver(I) or (AgHFA) in homopolymer poly(methyl methactyalate), PMMA and block copolymer poly(MMA-b-styrene), PS-b- PMMA films. A range of complementary characterization techniques including Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS), scanning force microscopy (SFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and UV-visible spectroscopy are used to characterize the polymer nanocomposites. The in-situ formed "spherical" silver NP are observed to segregate to the surface and the substrate regions in PMMA and PS-b- PMMA films. By showing that the precursor organizes into aggregates in as-cast films, our experiments uncover the mechanism of NP segregation. Upon annealing, diffusion of the precursor to the surface and substrate occurs concurrently with NP formation resulting in enrichment of Ag at both interfaces. In PS-b-PMMA films, the Ag NP form during the self-assembly of the block copolymer. At the surface, NP organize into well-defined arrays that are guided by the PMMA domains. For the first time, our experiments also show that the kinetics of block copolymer reorganization is slowed down by the incorporation of NP. This dissertation also explores the self-assembly of "ex-situ" synthesized NP with aspect ratio> 1, namely gold nanorods functionalized with poly(ethylene glycol), PEG. After solvent annealing PS-b-PMMA with 5-vol% Au, the nanorods are selectively located and confined in the "lamellar" PMMA domains due to favorable PEG-PMMA interaction. Due to confinement, the majority of the nanorods orient with their long axis parallel to lamellae orientation. To further understand the nature of NP at surfaces, spherical gold NP are deposited on a PS melt surface and their embedding is followed by TEM. Before being completely embedded in PS, NP protruding from the surface are covered by a thin ( -1 .5 nm) wetting layer, that produces a capillary pressure responsible for complete NP embedding."--Page iv.

Download or read book Design and Applications of Nanostructured Polymer Blends and Nanocomposite Systems written by Sabu Thomas and published by William Andrew. This book was released on 2015-09-22 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Design and Applications of Nanostructured Polymer Blend and Nanocomposite Systems offers readers an intelligent, thorough introduction to the design and applications of this new generation of designer polymers with customized properties. The book assembles and covers, in a unified way, the state-of-the-art developments of this less explored type of material. With a focus on nanostructured polymer blends, the book discusses the science of nanostructure formation and the potential performance benefits of nanostructured polymer blends and composites for applications across many sectors: electronics, coatings, adhesives, energy (photovoltaics), aerospace, automotive, and medical devices (biocompatible polymers). The book also describes the design, morphology, and structure of nanostructured polymer composites and blends to achieve specific properties. Covers all important information for designing and selecting the right nanostructured polymer system Provides specialized knowledge on self-repairing, nanofibre and nanostructured multiphase materials, as well as evaluation and testing of nanostructured polymer systems Serves as a reference guide for development of new products in industries ranging from electronics, coatings, and energy, to transport and medical applications Describes the design, morphology, and structure of nanostructured polymer composites and blends to achieve specific properties

Download or read book Anisotropic Self Assembly of Spherical Polymer Grafted Nanoparticles written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is easy to understand the self-assembly of particles with anisotropic shapes or interactions (for example, cobalt nanoparticles or proteins) into highly extended structures. However, there is no experimentally established strategy for creating a range of anisotropic structures from common spherical nanoparticles. We demonstrate that spherical nanoparticles uniformly grafted with macromolecules ('nanoparticle amphiphiles') robustly self-assemble into a variety of anisotropic superstructures when they are dispersed in the corresponding homopolymer matrix. Theory and simulations suggest that this self-assembly reflects a balance between the energy gain when particle cores approach and the entropy of distorting the grafted polymers. The effectively directional nature of the particle interactions is thus a many-body emergent property. Our experiments demonstrate that this approach to nanoparticle self-assembly enables considerable control for the creation of polymer nanocomposites with enhanced mechanical properties. Grafted nanoparticles are thus versatile building blocks for creating tunable and functional particle superstructures with significant practical applications.

Download or read book Polymer Nanocomposite Research Advances written by Sabu Thomas and published by Nova Publishers. This book was released on 2008 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present book focuses on the preparation, properties, characterisation and applications of polymer nanocomposites. The various manufacturing techniques, analysis of morphology, filler dispersion, and interfacial interactions have been described are detail. In the case of polymer nanocomposites, filler dispersion, intercalation/exfoliation, orientation and filler-matrix interaction are the main parameters that determine the physical, thermal, transport, mechanical and rheological properties of the nanocomposites. In this book the ultimate properties of the nanocomposites have been correlated with the key parameters of filler dispersion and filler-matrix interaction. The use of various sophisticated instrument techniques for the characterisation of these nanocomposites are also reviewed.

Download or read book Processing of Polymer based Nanocomposites written by Suprakas Sinha Ray and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-09-07 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Processing of polymer nanocomposites usually requires special attention since the resultant structure—micro- and nano-level, is directly influenced by among other factors, polymer/nano-additive chemistry and the processing strategy. This book consolidates knowledge, from fundamental to product development, on polymer nanocomposites processing with special emphasis on the processing-structure-property-performance relationships in a wide range of polymer nanocomposites. Furthermore, this book focuses on emerging processing technologies such as electrospinning, which has very exciting applications ranging from medical to filtration. Additionally, the important role played by the nanoparticles in polymer blends structures has been illustrated in the current book, with special focus on fundamental aspects and properties of nanoparticles migration and interface crossing in immiscible polymer blend nanocomposites. This book introduces readers to nanomaterials and polymer nanocomposites processing. After defining nanoparticles and polymer nanocomposites and discussing environmental aspects, the second chapter focuses on the synthesis and functionalization of nanomaterials with applications in polymers. A brief overview on nanoclay and nanoclay-containing polymer nanocomposites is provided in third chapter. The fourth chapter provides an overview of the polymer nanocomposites structural elucidation techniques, such as X-ray diffraction and scattering, microscopy and spectroscopy, rheology. The fifth chapter is dedicated to the polymer nanocomposites processing technologies, among which electrospinning, which has very exciting applications ranging from medical to filtration. The last chapter provides an overview on how melt-processing strategy impact structure and mechanical properties of polymer nanocomposites by taking polypropylene-clay nanocomposite as a model system. The book is useful to undergraduate and postgraduate students (polymer engineering, materials science & engineering, chemical & process engineering), as well as research & development personnel, engineers, and material scientists.

Download or read book Processing of Polymer based Nanocomposites written by Suprakas Sinha Ray and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-09-15 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Processing of polymer nanocomposites usually requires special attention since the resultant structure—micro- and nano-level, is directly influenced by among other factors, polymer/nano-additive chemistry and the processing strategy. This book consolidates knowledge, from fundamental to product development, on polymer nanocomposites processing with special emphasis on the processing-structure-property-performance relationships in a wide range of polymer nanocomposites. Furthermore, this book focuses on emerging processing technologies such as electrospinning, which has very exciting applications ranging from medical to filtration. Additionally, the important role played by the nanoparticles in polymer blends structures has been illustrated in the current book, with special focus on fundamental aspects and properties of nanoparticles migration and interface crossing in immiscible polymer blend nanocomposites. This book focuses heavily on the processing technologies and strategies and extensively addresses the processing-structure-property-performance relationships in a wide range of polymer nanocomposites, such as commodity polymers (chapter 1), engineering polymers (chapter 2), elastomers (chapter 3), thermosets (chapter 4), biopolymers (chapter 5), polymer blends (chapter 6), and electrospun polymer (chapter 7). The important role played by nanoparticles in polymer blends structures in particular is illustrated. The book is useful to undergraduate and postgraduate students (polymer engineering, materials science & engineering, chemical & process engineering), as well as research & development personnel, engineers, and material scientists.

Download or read book Polymer and Polymer Hybrid Nanoparticles written by Stanislav Rangelov and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2013-08-28 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Polymeric and hybrid nanoparticles have received increased scientific interest in terms of basic research as well as commercial applications, promising a variety of uses for nanostructures in fields including bionanotechnology and medicine. Condensing the relevant research into a comprehensive reference, Polymer and Polymer-Hybrid Nanoparticles: Fr

Download or read book Evaporative Self assembly Of Ordered Complex Structures written by Zhiqun Lin and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2012-02-28 with total page 395 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of spontaneous self-assembly, as a lithographic tool and as an external field-free means to construct well-ordered and intriguing patterns, has received much attention due to its ease of producing complex, large-scale structures with small feature sizes. An extremely simple route to highly-ordered, complex structures is the evaporative self-assembly of nonvolatile solutes (e.g., polymers, nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, and DNA) from a sessile droplet on a solid substrate. To date, a few studies have elegantly demonstrated that self-organized nanoscale, microscale, and hierarchically structured patterns have been readily obtained from sophisticated control of droplet evaporation. These include convective assembly in evaporating menisci, the alignment of nanomaterials by programmed dip coating and controlled anisotrophic wetting/dewetting processes, facile microstructuring of functional polymers by the “Breath Figure” method, controlled evaporative self-assembly in confined geometries, etc.This book is unique in this regard in providing a wide spectrum of recent experimental and theoretical advances in evaporative self-assembly techniques. The ability to engineer an evaporative self-assembly process that yields a broad range of complex, well-ordered and intriguing structures with small feature sizes composed of polymers of nanocrystals of different size and shapes as well as DNA over large areas offers tremendous potential for applications in electronics, optoelectronics, photonics, sensors, information processing and data storage devices, nanotechnology, high-throughput drug discovery, chemical detection, combinatorical chemistry, and biotechnology.

Download or read book Nanoimprinting directed Assembly of Polymer grafted Nanoparticles in Polymer Thin Films written by Xiaoteng Wang and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Controlled dispersion and distribution of functional nanoparticles (NPs) in polymer matrix is prerequisite for improved properties of the composite materials. How to control the distribution of NPs in a facile manner remains to be a recurring challenge in the applications of polymer nanocomposites (PNCs). Surface functionalization of NPs with polymer brushes has emerged as an effective and versatile platform of tuning the interactions between the nanoparticles and the polymer hosts, allowing their integration into polymer nanocomposites. The current work aims to understand the phase behaviors of polymer-grafted nanoparticles (PGNPs) in polymer thin films and further control the spatial distribution of PGNPs through the interactions between the grafted and matrix polymer chains. In particular, polystyrene-grafted titanium dioxide nanoparticles (PS-TiO2) embedded in polystyrene (PS) thin film matrices having an initial film thickness h0 » 90 nm were investigated, where fluctuations in the grafting brush layer enables the formation of self-assembled PGNP clustering structures. Nanoimprinting directed lateral organization of the PGNP clusters in polymer thin films via topographically soft-pattern confinement was demonstrated. The PGNP clusters segregate to thicker film regions where they are less confined during thermal annealing. The partitioning of the PGNP clusters to the patterned regions was quantified by introducing the cluster partition coefficient Kc. It shows that the highly selective segregation of the clusters was driven by entropic driving forces while the film surface homogenization and shape transition of the clusters were induced by geometrical confinement of the nanopatterning. Simultaneously, the stability of the low molecular weight PS thin films is greatly enhanced against dewetting by the addition of PGNPs. The extent of the dewetting suppression depends on the PGNP concentration and can also be altered by nanopatterning. This form of soft pattern-directed self-assembly may boost colligative properties and provide enhanced and anisotropic optical such as UV-Vis, electronic and other material properties associated with organized NP clusters into precise large-scale patterns. With better understanding of the chemically identical blend systems, we further extend our model study to other PGNP/polymer blends where enthalpic interactions also participate in the phase behavior. The hybrid blend system composed of polystyrene-grafted silica nanoparticles in a poly (vinyl methyl ether) (PS-SiO2/PVME) blend thin film (≈100 nm) was studied where the brush and matrix polymers exhibit LCST type of phase behavior. Phase separation between the polymer-grafted nanoparticles (PGNPs) and matrix polymer occurs at a temperature ≈ 40° C lower than the LCST of classic binary linear PS/PVME polymer blends. Spatially organized PGNP domain structures on submicrometer scale were illustrated by introducing the symmetry-breaking soft elastomer pattern. Selective partition of the nanoparticles in both one-phase and two-phase regions can be obtained via nanoimprinting. Thermal cycling of the composite film through the critical temperature allows for thermodynamically reversible formation and dissolution of PGNP-rich domain structures. This nanoimprinting guided assembly of PGNPs in polymer nanocomposites would open pathways of novel hybrid materials for many technological applications such as responsive materials.

Download or read book Advances in Functionalized Polymer Nanocomposites written by Gautam Patel and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2024-07-17 with total page 1122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Functionalized Polymer Nanocomposites: From Synthesis to Applications presents a detailed review on the synthesis, fundamental chemistry, properties, and applications of these high-performance materials. The introductory chapter provides a brief overview of the various types of organic and inorganic nanofillers used for the synthesis of polymer nanocomposites. Emphasis is placed on their fundamental chemistry, processing methods, functionalization and/or surface modification strategies. The dispersion state and their specific interaction with polymer matrices is also discussed in detail, as well as characterization techniques for functionalized nanofillers and functionalized polymer nanocomposites, and their properties, and applications. The book will be a valuable reference source for scientists, engineers, and postgraduate students, working in the field of polymer science and technology, materials science and engineering, composites, and nanocomposites. Covers fabrication, processing, characterization, and properties of various functionalized polymer nanocomposites Explores usage in energy storage systems, biomedical fields, environmental remediation, catalysis, gas sensing, biosensing, and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding Provides information on lifecycle assessment and environmental and health impacts of these materials

Download or read book Chemical Physics of Polymer Nanocomposites written by Vera V. Myasoedova and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2024-07-17 with total page 1162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprehensive knowledge on the preparation, characterization, and applications of polymer nanocomposites Chemical Physics of Polymer Nanocomposites examines the state of the art in preparation, processing, characterizing, and applying a wide range of polymer nanocomposites, elucidating nanofiller/polymer interactions, nanofiller dispersion, distribution, filler-filler interactions, and interface properties, with a particular focus on the rheology of this important class of materials. The dependence of the rheological properties on the preparation techniques is discussed in detail, complemented by an overview of the processing approaches using conventional and micro injection molding, extrusion, compression molding, film blowing, pultrusion, and resin transfer molding. The book covers the latest understanding and accomplishments on polymer composites and presents the huge variety of this materials class. Practice-oriented with industry relevance, it also reviews preparation, characterization, morphology, properties, applications, sustainability, and recyclability. The topics covered in Chemical Physics of Polymer Nanocomposites include: Classification of nano fillers, nano-objects, nanomaterials, and polymer nanocomposites based on chemical nature and identity, and synthesis and characterization of nanoparticles General manufacturing methods and processes, including melt and shear mixing manufacturing of polymer nanocomposites 1D nano fillers and polymer nanocomposites, including polymer nanocomposites based on graphite nanoplatelets (GNP) and amphiphilic graphene platelets Polymer nanocomposites based on nano chitin, starch, and lignin, gold nanowires, titanium dioxide, and graphene and graphene oxide Chemical Physics of Polymer Nanocomposites is an essential resource for materials scientists, polymer chemists, chemical engineers, and engineering scientists in industry.

Download or read book Nanocomposite Structures and Dispersions written by Ignác Capek and published by Elsevier Science Limited. This book was released on 2006 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanocomposite structures and dispersions is concerned with the chemistry of the reaction approaches by which polymer and metal particles are synthesized. Although, the scope of this volume is focused on metal particles, the basic knowledge of polymer colloids preparation is presented. Therefore, this book would serve as a general introduction to people just entering the field and for the experts seeking for the information in other sub-fields. Dealing with nanoscience and nanotechnology from the viewpoint of a chemist, therefore the book describes in detail terms, definitions, theories, experiments, and techniques dealing with synthesis of polymer and metal particles. Nanocomposite structures and dispersions is focused on both the organic (synthetic and natural) and inorganic materials, and their hybrids. The aim is to summarize the fundamentals and mechanistic approaches in preparation and characterization of colloidal nanoparticles and dispersions so as to provide the readers a systematic and coherent picture of the field. The book introduces the reader the interesting field of nanoscience based on polymer and metal colloidal nanoparticles. Placing a special emphasis on polymer, inorganic and metal nanomaterials classified as nanoparticles, nanocrystals, nanorods, nanotubes, nanobelts, etc. * Serves as a general introduction for those just entering the field and experts seeking information in other sub-fields * Variety of synthetic approaches is described including emulsion, miniemulsion and microemulsion approaches, hogeneous and heterogeneous nucleation approaches under mild and high temperatures. * Focused on both the organic (synthetic and natural) and inorganic materials, and their hybrids.

Download or read book Nanocomposite Structures and Dispersions written by Ignac Capek and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2019-07-20 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanocomposite Structures and Dispersions deals with the preparation of gelled, branched and crosslinked nanostructured polymers in the solution free radical polymerization and controlled/living radical polymerization and polymer and composite nanoparticles and nanostructures in disperse systems, the kinetics of direct and inverse disperse polymerizations (microemulsion, miniemulsion, emulsion, dispersion and suspension polymerization), the bottom-up approach building of functionalized nanoparticles, modelling of radical microemulsion polymerization, the characterization of traditional and non-traditional polymer dispersions, the collective properties of nanomaterials and their (bio)applications. This book is designed to bridge that gap and offers several unique features. First, it is written as an introduction to and survey of nanomaterials with a careful balance between basics and advanced topics. Thus, it is suitable for both beginners and experts, including graduate and upper-level undergraduate students. Second, it strives to balance the colloidal aspects of nanomaterials with physical principles. Third, the book highlights nanomaterial based architectures including composite or hybrid conjugates rather than only isolated nanoparticles. A number of ligands have been utilized to biodecorate the polymer and composite nanocarriers. Finally, the book provides an in depth discussion of important examples of reaction mechanisms of bottom-up building of functionalized nanoparticles, or potential applications of nanoarchitectures, ranging from physical to chemical and biological systems. Free radical (controlled) polymerization, branching, crosslinking and gelling Kinetics and mechanism of polymer nanoparticles formation Modelling of radical polymerization in disperse systems Polymer, composite and metal nanoparticles, nanostructures and nanomaterials Smart nanostructures, biodecorated particles, nanocarriers and therapeutics

Download or read book Polymer Nanocomposites written by Joseph H. Koo and published by McGraw Hill Professional. This book was released on 2010-05-10 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understand the principles, applications, and limitations of a cutting-edge material Based on the author's 26 years of experience in the field of Nanotechnology, this reference offers researchers and materials scientists a complete reference to the physical concepts, techniques, applications and principles underlying one of the most researched materials. Keeps you abreast of the latest trends, developments, and commercial applications

Download or read book Spectroscopy of Polymer Nanocomposites written by Sabu Thomas and published by William Andrew. This book was released on 2016-02-16 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spectroscopy of Polymer Nanocomposites covers all aspects of the spectroscopic characterization of polymer nanocomposites. More than 25 spectroscopy characterization techniques – almost all used in materials science – are treated in the book, with discussion of their potentialities and limitations. By comparing the techniques with each other and presenting the techniques together with their specific application areas, the book provides scientists and engineers the information needed for solving specific problems and choosing the right technique for analyzing the material structure. From this, the dispersion structure of fillers, property relations and filler-polymer interactions can be determined, and, ultimately, the right materials can be chosen for the right applications. Besides the techniques and structure-property relations, aspects covered include: phase segregation of filler particles, filler agglomeration and deagglomeration, filler dispersion, filler-polymer interactions, surfaces and interfaces. The book also examines recent developments, as well as unresolved issues and new challenges, in the characterization of surfaces and interfaces in polymer nanocomposites. This handpicked selection of topics, and the combined expertise of contributors from industry, academia, government and private research organizations across the globe, make this survey an outstanding reference source for anyone involved in the field of polymer nanocomposites in academia or industry. Provides comprehensive coverage of spectroscopy techniques for analyzing polymer nanocomposites Enables researchers and engineers to choose the right technique and make better materials decisions in research and a range of industries Presents the fundamentals, information on structure-property relations, and all other aspects relevant for understanding spectroscopic analyses of nanoreinforced polymers and their applications

Download or read book Polymer Nanocomposites Handbook written by Rakesh K. Gupta and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2009-07-20 with total page 566 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reflecting the exceptional growth in the use of nanostructured materials for an increasing range of industrial applications, Polymer Nanocomposites Handbook comprehensively covers the synthesis of nanomaterials that act as the building blocks of polymer nanocomposites and polymers that act as matrix materials. From early history to new technologies

Download or read book Self assembly of Nanoparticles in Dispersion and at Fluid fluid Interfaces written by Kjersta L. Larson-Smith and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Self-assembly is a fundamental mechanism by which structures form in materials. This mechanism has given rise to many new technological advances in applications as diverse as structural composites, medicine, alternative energy sources and information technology. Many current approaches to self-assembly have shown promise, but each has its own unique limitations. The over-arching goal of this study is to develop self-assembly processes for nanoparticles that are simple, scalable and cost effective. In this dissertation we examine the mechanism for self assembly of nanoparticles in dispersion and at fluid-fluid interfaces. A simple method is presented for the synthesis of amphiphilic gold nanoparticle surfactants that self-assemble into clusters of controllable structure. The technique is based on the control of particle clustering through sequential functionalization of the surface with thiol terminated polyethylene glycol to sterically stabilize particles in water and short alkane-thiols that render the particles amphiphilic. These nanoparticle surfactants are surface active and form rafts at the air-water interface and stable nanoparticle clusters in dispersion. The clusters are also reminiscent of traditional micelles with an adjustable aggregation number that is controlled via modification of the grafting density of polymer on the nanoparticle surface. The nanoparticle surfactants are also shown to be highly effective emulsifying agents due to their amphiphilicity and they adsorb strongly to oil-water interfaces with controllable inter-particle separation distances. Both the clusters and colloidosomes that can be formed with these particles exhibit tunable shifts in plasmon resonance, enhancing the near-infrared optical absorption and making them useful for a wide range of applications.