Download or read book Disparity and Discrimination in Labour Market Outcomes in India written by Vani Kant Borooah and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-05-09 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “The author has done a service to this line of study by collating and analysing a novel dataset in a manner that is going to be of use for researchers of the labour market in India, a subject in need of critical enquiry.”– Shanti Chakravarty, Professor of Economics, Bangor University, Wales, UK This book deconstructs the dynamics of the job market in an emerging economy (India) that has vast capital resources, addressing a key concern in relation to inequality in the labour market by social groups. The author examines the changing impact of caste on employment opportunity using two sets of large databases, and extends this analysis into religious affiliation and gender. The findings in this book will be of importance to those working in both research and policy, and makes an important contribution through addressing the decomposition of inequality based on disparity and discrimination.
Download or read book Macroeconomic Impacts of Gender Inequality and Informality in India written by Purva Khera and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2016-02-09 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper examines the macroeconomic interaction between informality and gender inequality in the labor market. A dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model is built to study the impact of gender-targeted policies on female labor force participation, female formal employment, gender wage gap, as well as on aggregate economic outcomes. The model is estimated using Bayesian techniques and Indian data. Although these policies are found to increase female labor force participation and output, lack of sufficient formal job creation due to labor market rigidities leads to an increase in unemployment and informality, and further widens gender gaps in formal employment and wages. Simultaneously implementing such policies with formal job creating policies helps remove these adverse impacts while also leading to significantly larger gains in output.
Download or read book Emerging Dynamics of Labour Market Inequality in India written by Ravi Srivastava and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Social Exclusion and Caste Discrimination in Public and Private Sectors in India written by Smrutirekha Singhari and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Closing Gender Gaps in India Does Increasing Womens Access to Finance Help written by Purva Khera and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2018-10-01 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gender gaps in womens’ economic opportunities—labor market and entrepreneurship—have remained high in India. Lack of adequate collateral limits women entrepreneurs’ ability to access formal finance, leaving them to rely on informal sources, constraining their growth. A small-open economy DSGE model is built to investigate the long-run macroeconomic impacts from closing gender gaps in financial access. Results suggest that an increase in women entrepreneurs access to formal credit results in higher female entrepreneurship and employment, which boosts India’s output by 1.6 percent. However, regulations and gender-specific constraints in the labor market limit potential gains as females’ access to quality jobs in the formal sector remains restricted. The paper shows that the factors influencing the number of females are different from those influencing the share of females in formal economic activity. Combining gender-targeted financial inclusion policies with policies that lower constraints on formal sector employment could boost India’s output by 6.8 percent.
Download or read book Wage Inequality written by Francine D. Blau and published by A E I Press. This book was released on 1996 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Compares trends in wage inequalities in the USA and nine other industrialized countries in the middle to late 1980s. Concludes that wages are more unequal in the USA than they are in other advanced economies.
Download or read book Scheduled Castes in the Indian Labour Market written by Sukhadeo Thorat and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2023-03-12 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study offers insight into the discriminatory workings of the labour market and its unequal outcomes with respect to employment, wages, and occupations, and its impact on the poverty of Scheduled Caste wage workers in India. It develops an understanding of the persistence of caste inequality in employment, wages, and occupations between the Scheduled Caste and the higher castes in the private and public sectors in India. It also identifies the causes of high unemployment and low wages of the Scheduled Caste workers, and their segregation in low-paid occupations. The authors provide convincing empirical evidence ofdiscrimination in wages and its impact on reduced wage incomes and increase in the poverty of the Scheduled Caste wage workers. Estimation of discrimination in employment, unemployment, and occupation, and its impact on income and poverty of the Scheduled Caste is net addition to the existing knowledge on the subject.
Download or read book Communities in Action written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-04-27 with total page 583 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.
Download or read book Unfair Advantage written by World Bank and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Causes and Consequences of Income Inequality written by Ms.Era Dabla-Norris and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2015-06-15 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper analyzes the extent of income inequality from a global perspective, its drivers, and what to do about it. The drivers of inequality vary widely amongst countries, with some common drivers being the skill premium associated with technical change and globalization, weakening protection for labor, and lack of financial inclusion in developing countries. We find that increasing the income share of the poor and the middle class actually increases growth while a rising income share of the top 20 percent results in lower growth—that is, when the rich get richer, benefits do not trickle down. This suggests that policies need to be country specific but should focus on raising the income share of the poor, and ensuring there is no hollowing out of the middle class. To tackle inequality, financial inclusion is imperative in emerging and developing countries while in advanced economies, policies should focus on raising human capital and skills and making tax systems more progressive.
Download or read book Women in Labour Markets written by Sara Elder and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Offers an analysis of 12 indicators from the ILO Key Indicators of the Labour Market database. The aim is to look for progress or lack of progress towards the goal of gender equality in the world of work and identify where and why blockages to labour market equity continue to exist. Focuses on the relationship of women to labour markets and compares employment outcomes for men and women to the best degree possible given the available labour market indicators.
Download or read book Gender Equality and Inclusive Growth written by Raquel Fernández and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-03-04 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper considers various dimensions and sources of gender inequality and presents policies and best practices to address these. With women accounting for fifty percent of the global population, inclusive growth can only be achieved if it promotes gender equality. Despite recent progress, gender gaps remain across all stages of life, including before birth, and negatively impact health, education, and economic outcomes for women. The roadmap to gender equality has to rely on legal framework reforms, policies to promote equal access, and efforts to tackle entrenched social norms. These need to be set in the context of arising new trends such as digitalization, climate change, as well as shocks such as pandemics.
Download or read book Critical Race Theory and Inequality in the Labour Market written by Ebun Joseph and published by . This book was released on 2021-11 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book employs critical race theory as a theoretical and analytical framework to unveil how racial stratification shapes the socioeconomic outcomes and racial inequality in the labour market. The pages guide students interested in CRT and investigating racism, discrimination and inequality.
Download or read book The Hidden Rules of Race written by Andrea Flynn and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-09-08 with total page 237 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the racial rules that are often hidden but perpetuate vast racial inequities in the United States.
Download or read book The Economics of Gender and Sport written by Vani Kant Borooah and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2022-08-26 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While women’s cricket, and women’s sport in general, has gained enormously in popularity in terms of both spectators and TV audiences, comparatively little is known about it and its participants, and there are few, if any, quantitative assessments of the game. The Economics of Gender and Sport: A Quantitative Analysis of Women’s Cricket fills that gap. The work analyses the different forms of cricket - Test cricket, One-day, T20 – and is based on the latest sets of available data. It seeks to answer questions such as how well female cricketers play, how well they are paid, who the superstars are, and how competitive women’s cricket is. It also examines more general issues which affect men’s cricket too, with the over-arching theme of this book being inequality. First, the chapters discuss inequality in the distribution of luck. The book discusses the importance of luck in cricket and suggests a way of distinguishing between luck and ability in determining match outcomes. Second there is access inequality, which means that players from certain groups have an advantage in terms of being chosen to play in representative teams. Third, there is inequality in tournament outcomes, and this carries implications for the degree of competitive balance in contests between teams. Fourth is the issue of inequality in the quality of umpiring in men’s and women’s cricket. Fifth, there is inequality between men and women in their respective remunerations as cricketeers. Lastly, there is inequality in performance between players: the book explains how batting and bowling averages can be adjusted to better reflect player performance. The volume will find an audience among advanced students and researchers in sports economics, sports-related and gender studies. More generally, it will appeal to lovers of cricket who wish to read about the game in terms which are more than simply anecdotal.
Download or read book China s Rebalancing and Gender Inequality written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-05-11 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper examines gender inequality in the context of structural transformation and rebalancing in China. We document declining women's relative wages and labor force participation in China during the last two decades, despite rapid growth and expansion of the service sector. Using household data, we provide evidence consistent with a U-shaped relationship between economic development and women's labor market outcomes. Using a model of structural transformation, we show that labor market barriers for women have increased over time. Model counterfactuals suggest that removing these barriers and increasing service sector productivity can boost both gender equality and economic growth in China.
Download or read book Inequality of Opportunity written by Juan Gabriel Rodríguez and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2011-10-12 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Eight papers, both theoretical and applied, on the concept of equality of opportunity which says that a society should guarantee its members equal access to advantage regardless of their circumstances, while holding them responsible for turning that access into actual advantage by the application of effort.
