Download or read book Dismantling Russia s Nonpayments System written by Brian Pinto and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2000-01-01 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One question preoccupies many scholars and practitioners: How can economic growth in the Russian Federation be reinvigorated? This report contributes to the current debate.Nonpayments in Russia evolved into a complex, inter-linked system over the latter half of the 1990s, becoming one of the most critical issues facing policymakers. This paper analyzes this system, including its origins, its evolution, the factors that now perpetuate it, and its costs, and identifies a minimum set of economic reforms needed to dismantle it. The paper also proposes answers to key questions about nonpayments, including: • How has its course been influenced by government policy at the federal and subnational levels? • What are the links with macroeconomic policy? • What is the role of the energy sector, and how has the system affected the way businesses operate? • What are the implications for economic growth? • How indeed, as part of Russia's transition to a monetized, market economy, did the nonpayments system come to exert a stranglehold on virtually every aspect of the economy? This report will be of interest to policymakers and economists interested in transition economies.
Download or read book Quasi fiscal activities hidden government subsidies and fiscal adjustment in Armenia written by Lev M. Freinkman and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2003 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book How Does My Country Grow written by Brian Pinto and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2014-09-18 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by a former World Bank economist, How Does My Country Grow? distils growth policy lessons from the author's first-hand experience in Poland, Kenya, India, and Russia, and his contributions to the economic policy debates that followed the emerging market crises of 1997 to 2001, extending up to the global financial crisis of 2008-09. Based on living and working in the field, the author argues that country economic analysis is in effect a separate, integrative branch of economics that draws upon but is distinct from academic economics. The country stories recounted, reinforced by the emerging market experience since the 1980s, point to a canonical growth policy package built around three interconnected elements: the intertemporal budget constraint of the government; the micropolicy trio of hard budgets, competition and competitive real exchange rates; and managing volatility from external, but especially domestic, sources. This package is underpinned by good governance, which finds its most immediate expression in the management of the public finances. While the discussion is tilted towards developing countries, the insights have considerable relevance for advanced economies, many of which today are in the throes of their own growth-cum-sovereign debt crises.
Download or read book Institutional Environment and Public Officials Performance in Guyana written by Ömer Gökçeku? and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2001-01-01 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report presents the findings of a survey of public officials in Guyana, on a wide range of civil service issues from personnel management practices to rewards and disciplinary action, and from budget environment to corruption. The objective of the study is to draw conclusions about those institutional weaknesses that should be the immediate target for reform.
Download or read book The City Poverty Assessment written by Jesko Hentschel and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2000-01-01 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cities and towns are increasingly becoming the primary locus of poverty in many countries. Rural-urban migration and low urban mortality rates have contributed to the rapid population growth of cities in many parts of the world. With such rapid growth comes an increasing concentration of poverty in urban areas. In parallel, more countries assign local governments increased responsibility in fighting poverty. With decentralization, the responsibility of local social policy goes beyond the execution of centrally designed and funded education and health programs. In many countries, local policymakers today decide on tax rates, expenditure policies, development of new assistance programs, incentives for local economic development, land and zoning laws, and more. The formulation of pro-poor local policies requires good information analyses. Local governments and their partners have both an opportunity and a need to understand the determinants of poverty and impediments for its reduction. This paper is an introduction to how such local information on poverty can be gathered and analyzed. It provides local policy makers with a broad overview of the type of questions typically asked and answered in 'City Poverty Assessments'. As the nature of poverty differs widely between cities and countries, so will the content of such poverty assessments as they have to be adapted to local needs. This publication will be of interest to city policy makers, international organizations, nogovernmental organizations, and urban practitioners.
Download or read book Armenia written by Gillian Perkins and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2001-01-01 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book compares the recent evolution of the structure of inputs and expenditure in Armenia's general education with international norms and practice. In the context of the government's sectoral reform strategy, it also outlines various proposals for restructuring the system. The study clarifies what inefficiencies might mean for future costs and performance of the system, highlights the trade-offs involved, and identifies measures needed to overcome constraints to rationalization.
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of the Russian Economy written by Michael Alexeev and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2013-07-18 with total page 864 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Handbook is the most comprehensive up-to-date study of the Russian economy available. Russian and western authors analyze the current economic situation, trace the impact of Soviet legacies and of post-Soviet transition policies, examine the main social challenges, and propose directions for reforms.
Download or read book Russia s Uncertain Economic Future written by John P. Hardt and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-04-15 with total page 504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The contributors to this volume analyze the present state of the Russian economy and its future prospects - which now seem brighter than at any previous time in the country's history. The Russian economy is now showing positive GDP growth and a positive balance of payments, portending a trend of sustained growth. The record of the Putin presidency with respect to the establishment of market-friendly legal and administrative environments is substantially positive. On the other side of the ledger, the contributors identify the persistence of monopolies in energy, transportation, and agriculture; distortions resulting from corruption, infrastructural inadequacies, and the maldistribution of political power and decision-making authority; demographic decline and the erosion of human capital as manifested in the health, education, and welfare of the population. Russia's successful development as a democratic society with a market economy is of great importance to its neighbors and to the global economy, and specifically to the United States, which is why the U.S. Congress commissioned these studies by expert analysts. This edition includes a comprehensive subject index, making the volume user-friendly.
Download or read book Russia s Uncertain Economic Future written by John Pearce Hardt and published by M.E. Sharpe. This book was released on 2003 with total page 508 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Russian economy is now showing positive GDP growth and a positive balance of payments, portending a trend of sustained growth. The contributors to this volume analyze the present state of the Russian economy and its future prospects which now seem brighter than ever.
Download or read book The Current Regulatory Framework Governing Business in Bulgaria written by Thomas O'Brien and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2001-01-01 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This technical paper outlines the key elements of the regulatory environment for business in Bulgaria. Its eight chapters are based largely on a review of Bulgarian legislation and regulations, in effect in the second half of the year 2000. In Bulgaria, there have been many positive economic developments in recent years. By describing and enhancing the understanding of the regulatory framework, this paper aims to help bring about further improvements in the years ahead.
Download or read book How Ukraine Became a Market Economy and Democracy written by Anders Åslund and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2009-03-01 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of Europe's old nations steeped in history, Ukraine is today an undisputed independent state. It is a democracy and has transformed into a market economy with predominant private ownership. Ukraine's postcommunist transition has been one of the most protracted and socially costly, but it has taken the country to a desirable destination. Åslund's vivid account of Ukraine's journey begins with a brief background, where he discusses the implications of Ukraine's history, the awakening of society because of Mikhail Gorbachev's reforms, the early democratization, and the impact of the ill-fated Soviet economic reforms. He then turns to the reign of President Leonid Kravchuk from 1991 to 1994, the only salient achievement of which was nation-building, while the economy collapsed in the midst of hyperinflation. The first two years of Leonid Kuchma's presidency, from 1994 to 1996, were characterized by substantial achievements, notably financial stabilization and mass privatization. The period 1996–99 was a miserable period of policy stagnation, rent seeking, and continued economic decline. In 2000 hope returned to Ukraine. Viktor Yushchenko became prime minister and launched vigorous reforms to cleanse the economy from corruption, and economic growth returned. The ensuing period, 2001–04, amounted to a competitive oligarchy. It was quite pluralist, although repression increased. Economic growth was high. The year 2004 witnessed the most joyful period in Ukraine, the Orange Revolution, which represented Ukraine's democratic breakthrough, with Yushchenko as its hero. The postrevolution period, however, has been characterized by great domestic political instability; a renewed, explicit Russian threat to Ukraine's sovereignty; and a severe financial crisis. The answers to these challenges lie in how soon the European Union fully recognizes Ukraine's long-expressed identity as a European state, how swiftly Ukraine improves its malfunctioning constitutional order, and how promptly it addresses corruption.
Download or read book OECD Economic Surveys Russian Federation 2002 written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2002-02-12 with total page 207 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This 2002 edition of OECD's periodic reviews of Russia's economy examines recent economic developments, policies and prospects and includes special features on small business and entrepreneurship, gas and electricity regulation and reform, and fiscal federalist relations.
Download or read book Resisting the State written by Kathryn Stoner-Weiss and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2006-06-19 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why do new, democratizing states often find it so difficult to actually govern? Why do they so often fail to provide their beleaguered populations with better access to public goods and services? Using original and unusual data, this book uses post-communist Russia as a case in examining what the author calls this broader 'weak state syndrome' in many developing countries. Through interviews with over 800 Russian bureaucrats in 72 of Russia's 89 provinces, and a highly original database on patterns of regional government non-compliance to federal law and policy, the book demonstrates that resistance to Russian central authority not so much ethnically based (as others have argued) as much as generated by the will of powerful and wealthy regional political and economic actors seeking to protect assets they had acquired through Russia's troubled transition out of communism.
Download or read book Sustainable Amazon written by Robert R. Schneider and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2002 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Annotation This report adds to the discussion of land use in the Brazilian Amazon. It analyzes the harmful effects of increasing levels of rainfall on agricultural settlement and productivity.
Download or read book Bangladesh written by Ranjana Mukherjee and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2001-01-01 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book summarizes the responses of Bangladeshi class I (highest level) public-sector officials to a survey on a number of civil service issues, from personnel management practices to rewards and disciplinary actions, and from employees' sources of income to the budget environment and procurement processes. It examines the public sector in Bangladesh, highlighting pay and employment in the civil service. The report also reviews the survey instrument, sampling, and the survey implementation methodology and discusses the findings of the survey. It also describes how the institutional environment and corruption are measured.
Download or read book Services Trade in the Balkans written by Constantine Michalopoulos and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2013 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Structural Reforms in Southeastern Europe Since the Kosovo Conflict written by Daniela Gressani and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2002-01-01 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study examines the progress made by the countries of south-east Europe (Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, FYR Macedonia, Romania, and the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia) towards implementing structural economic reforms in the three years since the end of the Kosovo conflict, as well as considering the challenges that lie ahead. It discusses four key areas of reform: strengthening public finances and fighting corruption; creating a liberal trade environment; encouraging foreign investment; and fostering the growth of private markets.
