Download or read book Cacao Diseases written by Bryan A. Bailey and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-02-22 with total page 630 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reviews the current state of knowledge concerning cacao pathogens and methods for their management. Topics discussed include the history, biology and genetic diversity of Moniliophthora species (which cause witches’ broom and frosty pod rot) and Phytophthora species (which cause black pod rot) that cause diseases resulting in major losses to cacao production. Emerging pathogens such as Cacao swollen shoot virus and Ceratobasidium theobromae (which causes vascular streak dieback) are also discussed in detail, along with many pathogens of significant local concern. Most of these pathogens represent major risks to global cacao production should they expand into new areas, breaking out of their current limited distributions. By considering cacao diseases as a group, similarities in the available tools and techniques used in their management become apparent, as do their limitations. Gaps in our current knowledge of cacao pathogens and the management of the diseases they cause are detailed, and suggestions for future research directions are provided. This insight allows readers to consider cacao disease threats from a more comprehensive, global perspective and paves the way for an improved synergy of efforts between the various research programs, agencies, and industries, both private and public, with vested interests in cacao production, and cacao farmers.
Download or read book Diseases of Cocoa written by C. A. Thorold and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Phytophthora Disease of Cocoa written by Philip Herries Gregory and published by Longman Publishing Group. This book was released on 1974 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The cocoa tree: agronomic aspects. History up to 1930 of Black Pod and other Cocoa Diseases caused by Phytophthora palmivora. Problems of experimentation with cocoa trees. Physiology of the fungus. The disease on roots...
Download or read book Pests of Cocoa written by Philip Frank Entwistle and published by Longman Publishing Group. This book was released on 1972 with total page 828 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The cocoa tree. The cocoa tree and its insect fauna. Control of cocoa insects. Pollination. Pests of cocoa in storage.
Download or read book Chocolate Crisis written by Dale Walters and published by University Press of Florida. This book was released on 2020-06-30 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Addressing the threatened future of chocolate in our modern world, Dale Walters discusses the problems posed by plant diseases, pests, and climate change, looking at what these mean for the survival of the cacao tree.
Download or read book Cocoa Pest and Disease Management in Southeast Asia and Australasia written by Peter J. Keane and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 1992 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cacao Diseases written by Bryan Alan Bailey and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 633 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reviews the current state of knowledge concerning cacao pathogens and methods for their management. Topics discussed include the history, biology and genetic diversity of Moniliophthora (which causes witches' broom and frosty pod rot) and Phytophthora species (which causes black pod rot) that cause diseases resulting in major losses to cacao production. Emerging pathogens such as Cacao swollen shoot virus and Ceratobasidium theobromae (which causes vascular streak dieback) are also discussed in detail, along with many pathogens of significant local concern. Most of these pathogens represent major risks to global cacao production should they expand into new areas, breaking out of their current limited distributions. By considering cacao diseases as a group, similarities in the available tools and techniques used in their management become apparent, as do their limitations. Gaps in our current knowledge of cacao pathogens and the management of the diseases they cause are detailed, and suggestions for future research directions are provided. This insight allows readers to consider cacao disease threats from a more comprehensive, global perspective and paves the way for an improved synergy of efforts between the various research programs, agencies, and industries, both private and public, with vested interests in cacao production, and cacao farmers.
Download or read book Disease Management in Cocoa written by Rudgard and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Monograph deals with the conception, planning, implementation, results and conclusions of the International Witches' Broom Project (IWBP), which was set up in 1985 with the aim of producing an economic management system for witches' broom disease of cocoa. The contributions of the various sponsors, and the roles played by the participating organizations and scientists are described in the introductory chapter. Chapter 2 provides a review of what was, and what was not known from published literature about the cocoa witches' broom pathosystem in 1989. The scope of the project and the approaches used are covered in Chapter 3, while Chapters 4 to 13 report on the field studies themselves in detail. The recent appearance of witches' broom in the important cocoa area of Bahia in Brazil is described in Chapter 14, before disease management recommendations are summarised and future prospects considered in the closing chapters. The many man-years of field research in the IWBP in a total of six countries generated much useful information which was analyzed both in the individual countries and collectively. Even with a document of this size, certain information and analyses with less direct relevance to disease management had to be omitted. It is expected that more detailed treatments of certain aspects will emerge in scientific papers, and further analyses will be undertaken.
Download or read book Improvement of Cocoa Tree Resistance to Phytophthora Diseases written by Christian Cilas and published by Editions Quae. This book was released on 2004 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main purpose of the overview presented in this book is to provide the international community with knowledge and tools that can be used to breed cocoa trees with greater resistance to Phytophthora. It covers pathogen diversity, epidemiological knowledge, the genetic parameters of resistance observed in the field, and practical breeding aspects. The relevance of different screening tests involving artificial inoculations and the use of molecular markers for the selection of resistant material are widely covered.
Download or read book Report on Cocoa Diseases in Samoa written by New Zealand. Plant Research Bureau. Plant Diseases Division and published by . This book was released on 1955 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Vascular streak Dieback of Cocoa written by P. J. Keane and published by CABI Publishing. This book was released on 1991 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cocoa Production and Processing Technology written by Emmanuel Ohene Afoakwa and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-02-21 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the largest food commodities exported from the developing countries to the rest of the world, cocoa has gained increasing attention on the global market—raising many questions about its quality, sustainability and traceability. Cocoa Production and Processing Technology presents detailed explanations of the technologies that could be employed to assure sustainable production of high-quality and safe cocoa beans for the global confectionary industry. It provides overviews of up-to-date technologies and approaches to modern cocoa production practices, global production and consumption trends as well as principles of cocoa processing and chocolate manufacture. The book covers the origin, history and taxonomy of cocoa, and examines the fairtrade and organic cocoa industries and their influence on smallholder farmers. The chapters provide in-depth coverage of cocoa cultivation, harvesting and post-harvest treatments with a focus on cocoa bean composition, genotypic variations and their influence on quality, post-harvest pre-treatments, fermentation techniques, drying, storage and transportation. The author provides details on cocoa fermentation processes as well as the biochemical and microbiological changes involved and how they influence flavour. He also addresses cocoa trading systems, bean selection and quality criteria, as well as industrial processing of fermented and dried cocoa beans into liquor, cake, butter and powder. The book examines the general principles of chocolate manufacture, detailing the various stages of the processes involved, the factors that influence the quality characteristics and strategies to avoid post-processing quality defects. This volume presents innovative techniques for sustainability and traceability in high-quality cocoa production and explores new product development with potential for cost reduction as well as improved cocoa bean and chocolate product quality.
Download or read book Cocoa Butter and Related Compounds written by Nissim Garti and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2015-08-24 with total page 540 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers the progress of the last 10 years of studies on cocoa butter. Descriptions of several aspects, including physical characteristics such as rheology, hardness, melt profiles, etc., studied by new and advanced techniques are included. Similarly, the polymorphism of cocoa butter is reconsidered in light of studies done by synchrotron DSC, FTIR, and SAXS techniques. These data are complemented by new understandings on the cause of the crystallization and transitions of the polymorphs. Other aspects such as the effect of minor components, emulsifiers, and other fats are discussed in great detail in this book. Brings together all that is known about cocoa butter into one book Describes physical characteristics of cocoa butter including rheology, hardness, and melt profiles Reconsiders polymorphism of cocoa butter in light of recent studies by various analytical techniques Presents new understandings on the cause of crystallization and transitions of polymorphs
Download or read book Improvement of Cocoa Tree Resistance to Phytophthora Diseases written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Theobroma Cacao written by Peter Aikpokpodion and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2019-11-06 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Almost five million tonnes of cocoa produced annually drives the US$100 billion global chocolate industry. To sustain the industry, cacao planting materials (seeds and clones) have been successfully moved from the Amazon forests in America to the humid tropical forests of Africa, Asia, and Australia. In more than 150 years of commercial cacao cultivation, smallholder farmers that supply the bulk of cocoa beans still face several production constraints that impede their efficiency. Scientific technologies have therefore been deployed to remove these constraints by ensuring a continuous supply of good quality cocoa beans to meet growing global demand. This book provides insight into these scientific advances to address these current and emerging problems and to assure the sustainability of the global cocoa industry.
Download or read book Bulletin Economic significance of cocoa pod diseases written by Gold Coast. Department of Agriculture and published by . This book was released on 1927 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Includes the separately numbered yearbook.
Download or read book Chocolatour written by Doreen Pendgracs and published by . This book was released on 2013-06 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
