Download or read book Discussion Paper Policy Studies Institute written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Discussion Paper Policy Studies Institute written by and published by . This book was released on with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Discussion Paper written by Ōsaka Shiritsu Daigaku. Keizai Gakubu and published by . This book was released on 199? with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Institute of Public Policy Studies Discussion Paper written by and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Institute of Public Policy Studies Discussion Paper written by Institute of Public Policy Studies and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book PSI Research Discussion Paper written by Policy Studies Institute and published by . This book was released on 19?? with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Discussion Paper written by Institute for Research on Public Policy. Studies in Social Policy and published by Institute for Research in Public Policy, Studies in Social Policy, [19--]. This book was released on 19?? with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Discussion Paper written by and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Women s Empowerment and Nutrition written by Mara van den Bold and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2013-11-01 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many development programs that aim to alleviate poverty and improve investments in human capital consider women’s empowerment a key pathway by which to achieve impact and often target women as their main beneficiaries. Despite this, women’s empowerment dimensions are often not rigorously measured and are at times merely assumed. This paper starts by reflecting on the concept and measurement of women’s empowerment and then reviews some of the structural interventions that aim to influence underlying gender norms in society and eradicate gender discrimination. It then proceeds to review the evidence of the impact of three types of interventions—cash transfer programs, agricultural interventions, and microfinance programs—on women’s empowerment, nutrition, or both. Qualitative evidence on conditional cash transfer (CCT) programs generally points to positive impacts on women’s empowerment, although quantitative research findings are more heterogenous. CCT programs produce mixed results on long-term nutritional status, and very limited evidence exists of their impacts on micronutrient status. The little evidence available on unconditional cash transters (UCT) indicates mixed impacts on women’s empowerment and positive impacts on nutrition; however, recent reviews comparing CCT and UCT programs have found little difference in terms of their effects on stunting and they have found that conditionality is less important than other factors, such as access to healthcare and child age and sex. Evidence of cash transfer program impacts depending on the gender of the transfer recipient or on the conditionality is also mixed, although CCTs with non-health conditionalities seem to have negative impacts on nutritional status. The impacts of programs based on the gender of the transfer recipient show mixed results, but almost no experimental evidence exists of testing gender-differentiated impacts of a single program. Agricultural interventions—specifically home gardening and dairy projects—show mixed impacts on women’s empowerment measures such as time, workload, and control over income; but they demonstrate very little impact on nutrition. Implementation modalities are shown to determine differential impacts in terms of empowerment and nutrition outcomes. With regard to the impact of microfinance on women’s empowerment, evidence is also mixed, although more recent reviews do not find any impact on women’s empowerment. The impact of microfinance on nutritional status is mixed, with no evidence of impact on micronutrient status. Across all three types of programs (cash transfer programs, agricultural interventions, and microfinance programs), very little evidence exists on pathways of impact, and evidence is often biased toward a particular region. The paper ends with a discussion of the findings and remaining evidence gaps and an outline of recommendations for research.

Download or read book PSI discussion paper written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book PSI research discussion paper written by and published by . This book was released on 19?? with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book PSI discussion papers written by Policy studies institute (Londra) and published by . This book was released on 19?? with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Discussion Paper on Immigration Issues written by Institute for Research on Public Policy. Studies in Social Policy and published by Studies in Social Policy, Institute for Research on Public Policy, [198-]. This book was released on 198? with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Informal cross border trade in Africa How much Why And what impact written by Bouet, Antoine and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2018-12-21 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Informal cross-border trade (ICBT) represents a prominent phenomenon in Africa. Several studies suggest that for certain products and countries, the value of informal trade may meet or even exceed the value of formal trade. This paper provides a review of existing efforts to measure informal trade. We list 18 initiatives aimed at measuring ICBT in Africa. The paper also summarizes discussions conducted with many stakeholders in Africa between December 2016 and May 2018 regarding the measurement, the determinants, and the implications of ICBT. The methodologies used to measure ICBT in Africa differ widely, but they do confirm that informal trade in Africa is both sizeable and volatile. Both evidence on the determinants of ICBT and discussions with stakeholders suggest that policies should aim to reduce the existing costs associated with formal trade and provide positive incentives for traders and producers to move into the formal economy in order to avoid the loss of economic potential stemming from informal trade.

Download or read book Discussion Paper Queen s University Kingston Ont School of Policy Studies written by Queen's University (Kingston, Ont.). School of Policy Studies. Government and Competitiveness and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Discussion Papers Johns Hopkins University Bologna Center Institute of Foreign Policy Research written by Johns Hopkins University. Bologna Center. Institute of Foreign Policy Research and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Discussion Paper written by and published by . This book was released on 199? with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: