Download or read book Directed Evolution and Characterization of an Escherichia Coli Mutant Displaying Improved Growth at High Hydrostatic Pressure written by Alice Thu Thao Nguyen and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: High pressure and low temperatures, both of which are inherent to the deep ocean, are fundamental physical parameters to which organisms must adapt, but increased hydrostatic pressure is especially unique to the depths of the ocean. The elusive deep marine environment is home to a plethora of piezophilic ("pressure-loving") microorganisms with incredible physiological adaptations, but unfortunately they are yet still poorly understood. This study documents the selection of an Escherichia coli population, designated L62A, following experimental directed evolution using increasingly higher pressure treatments at 37°C. After 62 transfers and 504 generations, a strain from the L62A population, AN62-1 was obtained at 62 MPa (megapascals), correlating to a hadal depth of 6,124 meters. Through detailed growth studies, it was determined that AN62-1 is piezotolerant and, in contrast to its parental strain, can grow robustly at 59 MPa. AN62-1 has unique colony and internal cell morphology, increased production of monounsaturated fatty acids, and a mutation in the acpP gene, which encodes acyl-carrier protein. This study provides a novel strain of E. coli for future investigations of high-pressure adaptation and demonstrates the feasibility of directed evolution to assess microbial growth adaptation as a function of hydrostatic pressure.
Download or read book Directed Enzyme Evolution written by Frances H. Arnold and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-02-02 with total page 381 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Directed evolution comprises two distinct steps that are typically applied in an iterative fashion: (1) generating molecular diversity and (2) finding among the ensemble of mutant sequences those proteins that perform the desired fu- tion according to the specified criteria. In many ways, the second step is the most challenging. No matter how cleverly designed or diverse the starting library, without an effective screening strategy the ability to isolate useful clones is severely diminished. The best screens are (1) high throughput, to increase the likelihood that useful clones will be found; (2) sufficiently sen- tive (i. e. , good signal to noise) to allow the isolation of lower activity clones early in evolution; (3) sufficiently reproducible to allow one to find small improvements; (4) robust, which means that the signal afforded by active clones is not dependent on difficult-to-control environmental variables; and, most importantly, (5) sensitive to the desired function. Regarding this last point, almost anyone who has attempted a directed evolution experiment has learned firsthand the truth of the dictum “you get what you screen for. ” The protocols in Directed Enzyme Evolution describe a series of detailed p- cedures of proven utility for directed evolution purposes. The volume begins with several selection strategies for enzyme evolution and continues with assay methods that can be used to screen enzyme libraries. Genetic selections offer the advantage that functional proteins can be isolated from very large libraries s- ply by growing a population of cells under selective conditions.
Download or read book The Genetic and Biochemical Characterization of an Escherichia Coli Mutant with Elevated of Glutamine TRNA written by Susan Damon Morgan and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Bioinformatics for Geneticists written by Michael R. Barnes and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2003-07-01 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This timely book illustrates the value of bioinformatics, not simply as a set of tools but rather as a science increasingly essential to navigate and manage the host of information generated by genomics and the availability of completely sequenced genomes. Bioinformatics can be used at all stages of genetics research: to improve study design, to assist in candidate gene identification, to aid data interpretation and management and to shed light on the molecular pathology of disease-causing mutations. Written specifically for geneticists, this book explains the relevance of bioinformatics showing how it may be used to enhance genetic data mining and markedly improve genetic analysis.
Download or read book Characterization of Escherichia Coli K 12 Mutants with Increased Expression of an Osmotically Regulated Gene written by Elizabeth Anne DiBlasio and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Enzyme Engineering and Evolution General Methods written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-09-05 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new volume of Methods in Enzymology continues the legacy of this premier serial with quality chapters authored by leaders in the field. - Provides the authority and expertise of leading contributors from an international board of authors - Presents the latest release in the Methods in Enzymology series
Download or read book Manual on MUTATION BREEDING THIRD EDITION written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2018-10-09 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper provides guidelines for new high-throughput screening methods – both phenotypic and genotypic – to enable the detection of rare mutant traits, and reviews techniques for increasing the efficiency of crop mutation breeding.
Download or read book Innovative Technologies for Food Preservation written by Francisco J. Barba and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2017-09-21 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Innovative Technologies for Food Preservation: Inactivation of Spoilage and Pathogenic Microorganisms covers the latest advances in non-thermal processing, including mechanical processes (such as high pressure processing, high pressure homogenization, high hydrodynamic pressure processing, pressurized fluids); electromagnetic technologies (like pulsed electric fields, high voltage electrical discharges, Ohmic heating, chemical electrolysis, microwaves, radiofrequency, cold plasma, UV-light); acoustic technologies (ultrasound, shockwaves); innovative chemical processing technologies (ozone, chlorine dioxide, electrolysis, oxidized water) and others like membrane filtration and dense phase CO2. The title also focuses on understanding the effects of such processing technologies on inactivation of the most relevant pathogenic and spoilage microorganisms to ensure food safety and stability. Over the course of the 20th century, the interest and demand for the development and application of new food preservation methods has increased significantly. The research in the last 50 years has produced various innovative food processing technologies and the use of new technologies for inactivation of spoilage and/or pathogenic microorganisms will depend on several factors. At this stage of development there is a need to better understand the mechanisms that govern microbial inactivation as induced by new and innovative processing technologies, as well as suitable and effective conditions for inactivating the microorganism. - Serves as a summary of relevant spoilage and pathogenic microorganisms for different foods as influenced by the application of innovative technologies for their preservation - Provides readers with an in-depth understanding on how effective innovative processing technologies are for controlling spoilage and pathogenic microorganisms in different foods - Integrates concepts in order to find the optimum conditions for microbial inactivation and preservation of major and minor food compounds
Download or read book Cell Biology by the Numbers written by Ron Milo and published by Garland Science. This book was released on 2015-12-07 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Top 25 CHOICE 2016 Title, and recipient of the CHOICE Outstanding Academic Title (OAT) Award. How much energy is released in ATP hydrolysis? How many mRNAs are in a cell? How genetically similar are two random people? What is faster, transcription or translation?Cell Biology by the Numbers explores these questions and dozens of others provid
Download or read book Directed Enzyme Evolution Advances and Applications written by Miguel Alcalde and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-02-14 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on some of the most significant advances in enzyme engineering that have been achieved through directed evolution and hybrid approaches. On the 25th anniversary of the discovery of directed evolution, this volume is a tribute to the pioneers of this thrilling research field, and at the same time provides a comprehensive overview of current research and the state of the art. Directed molecular evolution has become the most reliable and robust method to tailor enzymes, metabolic pathways or even whole microorganisms with improved traits. By mirroring the Darwinian algorithm of natural selection on a laboratory scale, new biomolecules of invaluable biotechnological interest can now be engineered in a manner that surpasses the boundaries of nature. The volume is divided into two sections, the first of which provides an update on recent successful cases of enzyme ensembles from different areas of the biotechnological spectrum, including tryptophan synthases, unspecific peroxygenases, phytases, therapeutic enzymes, stereoselective enzymes and CO2-fixing enzymes. This section also provides information on the directed evolution of whole cells. The second section of the book summarizes a variety of the most applicable methods for library creation, together with the future trends aimed at bringing together directed evolution and in silico/computational enzyme design and ancestral resurrection.
Download or read book Engineering and Analyzing Multicellular Systems written by Lianhong Sun and published by Humana. This book was released on 2016-09-03 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Engineering Multicellular Systems: Methods and Protocols, focuses on laboratory procedures used in recent efforts for constructing synthetic multicellular systems and their applications. In particular, constructing multicellular systems to form various microbial ecosystems has been extensively explored to examine evolution and interactions of microbial ecosystems, while co-cultures have emerged as an efficient tool to produce some complex chemical molecules. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols and key tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Engineering Multicellular Systems: Methods and Protocols provide a comprehensive laboratory protocol reference for constructing multicellular systems for various applications.
Download or read book Bacterial Cell Wall written by J.-M. Ghuysen and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1994-02-09 with total page 607 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Studies of the bacterial cell wall emerged as a new field of research in the early 1950s, and has flourished in a multitude of directions. This excellent book provides an integrated collection of contributions forming a fundamental reference for researchers and of general use to teachers, advanced students in the life sciences, and all scientists in bacterial cell wall research. Chapters include topics such as: Peptidoglycan, an essential constituent of bacterial endospores; Teichoic and teichuronic acids, lipoteichoic acids, lipoglycans, neural complex polysaccharides and several specialized proteins are frequently unique wall-associated components of Gram-positive bacteria; Bacterial cells evolving signal transduction pathways; Underlying mechanisms of bacterial resistance to antibiotics.
Download or read book Fundamentals of Enzyme Engineering written by Young Je Yoo and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-01-12 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive introduction to all aspects of enzyme engineering, from fundamental principles through to the state-of-the-art in research and industrial applications. It begins with a brief history, describing the milestones of advancement in enzyme science and technology, before going on to cover the fundamentals of enzyme chemistry, the biosynthesis of enzymes and their production. Enzyme stability and the reaction kinetics during enzymatic reactions are presented to show how enzymes function during catalysis and the factors that affect their activity. Methods to improve enzyme performance are also presented, such as cofactor regeneration and enzyme immobilization. The book emphasizes and elaborates on the performance and characteristics of enzymes at the molecular level. Finally, the book presents recent advances in enzyme engineering and some key industrial application of enzymes addressing the present needs of society. This book presents essential information not only for undergraduate and graduate students, but also for researchers in academia and industry, providing a valuable reference for the development of commercial applications of enzyme technology.
Download or read book Molecular Evolution written by Roderick D.M. Page and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-07-14 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study of evolution at the molecular level has given the subject of evolutionary biology a new significance. Phylogenetic 'trees' of gene sequences are a powerful tool for recovering evolutionary relationships among species, and can be used to answer a broad range of evolutionary and ecological questions. They are also beginning to permeate the medical sciences. In this book, the authors approach the study of molecular evolution with the phylogenetic tree as a central metaphor. This will equip students and professionals with the ability to see both the evolutionary relevance of molecular data, and the significance evolutionary theory has for molecular studies. The book is accessible yet sufficiently detailed and explicit so that the student can learn the mechanics of the procedures discussed. The book is intended for senior undergraduate and graduate students taking courses in molecular evolution/phylogenetic reconstruction. It will also be a useful supplement for students taking wider courses in evolution, as well as a valuable resource for professionals. First student textbook of phylogenetic reconstruction which uses the tree as a central metaphor of evolution. Chapter summaries and annotated suggestions for further reading. Worked examples facilitate understanding of some of the more complex issues. Emphasis on clarity and accessibility.
Download or read book Regulation of Bacterial Virulence written by Michael L. Vasil and published by American Society for Microbiology Press. This book was released on 2012-12-05 with total page 1189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive compendium of scholarly contributions relating to bacterial virulence gene regulation. • Provides insights into global control and the switch between distinct infectious states (e.g., acute vs. chronic). • Considers key issues about the mechanisms of gene regulation relating to: surface factors, exported toxins and export mechanisms. • Reflects on how the regulation of intracellular lifestyles and the response to stress can ultimately have an impact on the outcome of an infection. • Highlights and examines some emerging regulatory mechanisms of special significance. • Serves as an ideal compendium of valuable topics for students, researchers and faculty with interests in how the mechanisms of gene regulation ultimately affect the outcome of an array of bacterial infectious diseases.
Download or read book Physiology of the Bacterial Cell written by Frederick Carl Neidhardt and published by Sinauer Associates, Incorporated. This book was released on 1990 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Textbook for upper-division and graduate students in the biological and biochemical sciences introduces the properties of bacteria that have led to their success as colonizers of this planet. The major theme is the analysis of the molecular devices that have led to the ability of bacteria to grow rapidly in a variety of environments, to adapt quickly to changes in their surroundings, to withstand starvation and exposure to toxic agents, and to compete successfully with other organisms. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Download or read book Adaptive Diversification written by Michael Doebeli and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2011-08-01 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding the mechanisms driving biological diversity remains a central problem in ecology and evolutionary biology. Traditional explanations assume that differences in selection pressures lead to different adaptations in geographically separated locations. This book takes a different approach and explores adaptive diversification--diversification rooted in ecological interactions and frequency-dependent selection. In any ecosystem, birth and death rates of individuals are affected by interactions with other individuals. What is an advantageous phenotype therefore depends on the phenotype of other individuals, and it may often be best to be ecologically different from the majority phenotype. Such rare-type advantage is a hallmark of frequency-dependent selection and opens the scope for processes of diversification that require ecological contact rather than geographical isolation. Michael Doebeli investigates adaptive diversification using the mathematical framework of adaptive dynamics. Evolutionary branching is a paradigmatic feature of adaptive dynamics that serves as a basic metaphor for adaptive diversification, and Doebeli explores the scope of evolutionary branching in many different ecological scenarios, including models of coevolution, cooperation, and cultural evolution. He also uses alternative modeling approaches. Stochastic, individual-based models are particularly useful for studying adaptive speciation in sexual populations, and partial differential equation models confirm the pervasiveness of adaptive diversification. Showing that frequency-dependent interactions are an important driver of biological diversity, Adaptive Diversification provides a comprehensive theoretical treatment of adaptive diversification.
