Download or read book Digital Phased Array Architectures for Radar and Communications Based on Off the Shelf Wireless Technologies written by Chin S. Ong and published by . This book was released on 2004-12-01 with total page 83 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis is a continuation of the design and development of a three-dimensional 2.4 GHz digital phased array radar antenna. A commercial off- the-shelf quadrature modulator and demodulator were used as phase shifters in the digital transmit and receive arrays. The phase response characteristic of the demodulator was measured and the results show that the phase difference between the received phase and transmit phase is small. In order to increase the bandwidth of the phased array, a method of time-varying phase weights for linear frequency modulated signal was investigated. Using time-varying phase weights on transmit and receive give the best performance, but require the range information of the target. It is more practical to use time-varying phase weights on only one side (transmit or receive but not both), and constant phase weights on the other side. The simulation results showed that by using time- varying phase weights, the matched filter loss is not as severe as it is when using the conventional fixed weights technique. It is also found that this method is only effective for small scan angles when the time-bandwidth product is large. The approach to implement time-varying phase weights on transmit using commercial components such as direct digital synthesizer and quadrature modulator is discussed.

Download or read book Digital Antenna Architectures Using Commercial Off the Shelf Hardware written by Cher Shin Eng and published by . This book was released on 2003-12-01 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The changes in war fighting tactics and advancement of technology shape the ways to implement and design multifunction phased array radars. This thesis investigated whether the commercial modulation boards used in the 3-D 2, 4-GHz phased array transmit antenna is capable of wideband performance. The phase of the transmitted signal out of the modulator board was adjusted to provide a phase shift from 0 to 2pi, and the insertion phases at these phase settings were measured using a Vector Network Analyzer, sweeping the frequency from 0.8 to 2,5 GHz. The measured insertion phases are used to simulate the radiation pattern of a linear phased array, and the results show that the modulator does not have instantaneous wideband characteristics. This thesis also looked at the design of the complementary phased array receiver architecture using commercially available demodulator boards. The demodulator board was successfully configured to operate as a phase shifter. Phase shifted transmit signals were injected into the demodulator, and corresponding phase shifts were measured via the hi-Phase and Qitadratitre voltages.

Download or read book Active Electronically Scanned Arrays written by Arik D. Brown and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-11-23 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Active Electronically Scanned Arrays: Fundamentals and Applications, electromagnetics expert Dr. Arik D. Brown delivers a foundational treatment of active electronically scanned arrays (AESAs) ideal for engineering students and professionals. The distinguished author provides an overview of the primary subsystems of an AESA and detailed explanations of key design concepts and fundamentals for subsystems, including antenna array elements, transmit/receive modules, and beamformers. Performance results for various AESA architectures often found in industry, including analog, subarrayed, and digital beamforming AESAs, are discussed. With a focus on practical knowledge and applications, Active Electronically Scanned Arrays: Fundamentals and Applications offers an accessible overview of a technology critical to the implementation of collision avoidance in cars, air surveillance radar, communication antennas, and defense technologies. The book also includes: A thorough introduction to AESAs, including a top-level block diagram view and explanations of key components and subsystems Detailed explanations of the impact of AESAs on mission applications including Radar, Electronic Attack (EA), Electronic Support Measures (ESM), SIGINT and Communications Comprehensive explorations of antenna array elements, transmit/receive modules, and beamformers including their purpose, functions, and practical design considerations In-depth examinations of AESA architecture performance for current and future systems Utility of AESAs for implementing adaptive beamforming for Electronic Counter-Countermeasures (ECCM) Perfect for electrical engineers working with active electronically scanned arrays, electronic warfare technologies, radar, or communications, Active Electronically Scanned Arrays: Fundamentals and Applications will also prove to be an invaluable resource for defense students undertaking military education and training.

Download or read book Advanced Array Systems Applications and RF Technologies written by Nicholas Fourikis and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2000-05-31 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advanced Array Systems, Applications and RF Technologies adopts a holistic view of arrays used in radar, electronic warfare, communications, remote sensing and radioastronomy. Radio frequency [RF] and intermediate frequency [IF] signal processing is assuming a fundamental importance, owing to its increasing ability to multiply a system's capabilities in a cost-effective manner. This book comprehensively covers the important front-end RF subsystems of active phased arrays, so offering array designers new and exciting opportunities in signal processing. This book: * provides an up to date record of existing systems from different applications * explores array systems under development * bridges the gap between textbook coverage of idealized phased arrays and practical knowledge of working phased arrays * recognises the significance of cost to the realization of phased arrays * discusses future advances in the field that promise to deliver even more affordable arrays ['intelligent' or self-focussing/-cohering arrays] Engineers and scientists in the radar and RF technology industry will welcome the detailed description of array elements, polarisers, T/R modules and beamformers in Advanced Array Systems, Applications and RF Technologies. This book is also appropriate for postgraduate and advanced undergraduate students in electronic engineering, and for technical managers, researchers and students in the fields of radioastronomy and remote sensing. This book is a volume in the Signal Processing and its Applications series, edited by Richard Green and Truong Nguyen.

Download or read book Multi Beam Digital Antenna for Radar Communications and UAV Tracking Based on Off the Shelf Wireless Technologies written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 127 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The state-of-art technologies keep generating new ways of improving on the performance of the old systems. Array antennas, one of the continuously improving technologies, brought many benefits to our life. The superiorities of array antennas remove the disadvantages of the old technology radars such as great sidelobes, vulnerability to the jammers, and degradation effect of the clutter. Array antennas find many applications on different areas. Today, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have begun to be seen in our life more often than before. UAVs prevent pilot loss of life. They carry out a variety of military and civilian missions such as surveillance and reconnaissance, target recognition, battle damage assessment, EW, search and rescue, and traffic monitoring. An important use of the UAVs is troop support, carrying out reconnaissance and surveillance missions, which requires maintaining a data-link with troops in order to send any data collected, such as video images, or audio. During operations it is necessary to continuously maintain a data and control link with the operator. This requires the ground station antenna to track the UAV so the antenna beam is pointed properly. The purpose of this research is to design and build an array to angle-track a UAV and, eventually, to accomplish the data transfer from the UAV to the ground station.

Download or read book Radar and RF Front End System Designs for Wireless Systems written by Mehta, Shilpa and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2024-04-15 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The escalating demand for advanced communication, sensing, and scanning systems across various applications as well as the urgency to comprehend the complexities of RF Frontend systems is more pronounced than ever. At the heart of this challenge lies the reconfigurability feature, playing a vital role in shaping the current trajectory of wireless technologies. The book Radar and RF Front End System Designs for Wireless Systems delves straight into this pressing issue and examines the relentless pace of innovation spurred by a myriad of configuration and design architectures. While these advancements hold great promise, they also introduce challenges that warrant thorough examination. Within the pages of this publication, a narrative unfolds that transcends theoretical discourse. The book offers a unique opportunity for academic scholars, researchers, and industry professionals to not only understand the intricacies of RF Frontend systems but also to grapple with the practical challenges posed by their rapid evolution. It becomes a guide in navigating this dynamic landscape, providing a deep exploration of the issues at hand and paving the way for informed solutions and breakthroughs.

Download or read book Wireless Networks for Beamforming in Distributed Phased Array Radar written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Wirelessly Networked Aperstructure Digital Phased Array Radar (WNADPAR) applies three relatively new concepts: Opportunistic, Aperstructure, and Wirelessly Networked Digital Architecture concepts. Using this approach almost the full length of the ship becomes the aperture of the phased array radar by placing the antenna elements at available open areas and having the power supply as the only wired connection. This thesis research addressed the wireless networking of the full-scale radar system. An analysis of the various existing and newly developed wireless technologies and guided transmission media was conducted to determine a baseline approach for the full system implementation. A two-element array demonstrator was wirelessly networked and tested to allow wireless communication between the central beamformer and controller and the T/R modules. Control and monitoring software was developed in LabVIEW that allows simultaneous transmission and reception in both T/R modules. Finally, a number of tests and measurements were conducted to validate the operation of the two-element array demonstrator while transmitting the control data wirelessly.

Download or read book Wirelessly Networked Digital Phased Array written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The wirelessly networked opportunistic digital array radar (WNODAR) system combines opportunistic phased array and aperstructure concepts. The array elements contain stand alone transmit receive (T/R) modules with no hardwire connections other than prime power and are wirelessly networked to a central controller and processor unit. A full scale WNODAR operating in the VHF/UHF frequency bands (300 MHz) exhibits many favorable properties, which make the system suitable for ballistic missile defense (BMD) early warning radar (EWR) applications. In order to validate the WNODAR concepts, demonstration arrays consisting of T/R modules realized using field programmable gate array (FPGA) technology are developed. The demonstration units are frequency scaled from the projected VHF/UHF frequency range to S-band (2.4 GHz) to make use of the abundance of commercial off the shelf (COTS) wireless communication components. This research primarily relates to the development of a demonstration T/R module and the evaluation and characterization of component devices. Design, analysis and simulation of an eight element demonstration array using MATLAB and CST Microwave Studio were conducted to examine expected array beam patterns.

Download or read book Systems Engineering of Phased Arrays written by Rick Sturdivant and published by Artech House. This book was released on 2018-11-30 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Phased arrays, while traditionally used in radar systems, are now being used or proposed for use in internet of things (IoT) networks, high-speed back haul communication, terabit-per-second satellite systems, 5G mobile networks, and mobile phones. This book considers systems engineering of phased arrays and addresses not only radar, but also these modern applications. It presents a system-level perspective and approach that is essential for the successful development of modern phased arrays. Using practical examples, this book helps solve problems often encountered by technical professionals. Thermal management challenges, antenna element design issues, and architectures solutions are explored as well as the benefits and challenges of digital beam forming. This book provides the information required to train engineers to design and develop phased arrays and contains questions at the end of each chapter that professors will find useful for instruction.

Download or read book Phased Array Systems Technology written by and published by Institute of Electrical & Electronics Engineers(IEEE). This book was released on 2000 with total page 576 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume constitutes the conference proceedings of the IEEE International Symposium on Phased Array Systems and Technology 2000. Topics covered include: modules and components; phased arrays for mobile communications; digital beamforcing; direction finding; system optimization; and more.

Download or read book Phased Array Based Systems and Applications written by Nicholas Fourikis and published by Wiley-Interscience. This book was released on 1997-02-21 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive guide to state-of-the-art phased array-basedsystems and applications First developed in 1937 to help improve communication links betweenthe United States and the United Kingdom, phased arrays haveevolved far beyond their original purpose. In addition to theirvalue in radio communications, phased arrays are now a vitalcomponent in national defense, space exploration, astronomy, andelectronic warfare. Phased Array-Based Systems and Applications was written forresearchers and engineers with a professional interest in phasedarray-based systems. Timely, authoritative, and comprehensive, itdiscusses the most current uses of phased arrays (operating at cmand mm wavelengths) in radar, radio astronomy, remote sensing,electronic warfare, spectrum surveillance, and communications. Thisexploration of systems that share the same principles and performsimilar functions helps phased array users in all these fieldslearn more about the systems and applications in which theyspecialize. More important, the complementary nature of a varietyof sensors is emphasized throughout the book. While his consistent focus is on practical applications, the authoralso provides generous coverage of basic theoretical principles tohelp readers understand the systems trade-offs made in the designof various phased arrays. An indispensable professional resource for radar and antennaengineers, Phased Array-Based Systems and Applications is also asuperior graduate-level text for students in these fields.

Download or read book Architectures and System Design for Digitally enhanced Antenna Arrays written by James David Krieger and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 147 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Digital techniques have had longstanding use in both the operational control and signal processing efforts associated with phased array antennas. Fundamentally, these techniques have served to provide additional levels of convenience and performance over the fully analog counterparts, without specifically addressing the underlying design of the analog hardware aspects of the arrays. The class of digitally-enhanced hardware has recently emerged, wherein "digitally aware" design approaches are used for the purpose of alleviating the high cost and complexity of sophisticated analog devices. Emergent trends in millimeter wave and low-terahertz circuit technology are enabling the prospect of physically small, yet electrically large antenna arrays for a host of exciting new communication, radar, and imaging applications. Still, the high cost of phased arrays remains a significant bottleneck to any widespread deployment in this regard. In light of this challenge, we propose two phased array architectures for which the notion of digital awareness plays a central role in their designs. The Dense Delta-Sigma Array: Primarily motivated by advancements in low-cost fabrication, this design concept provides the opportunity to replace the expensive RF components required to control the individual array element excitations with inexpensive phase shifter components having particularly coarse resolution (as few as 2-bits). This is made possible by increasing the number of array elements for a given aperture beyond the nominal number associated with the standard half-wavelength spacing. This approach is inspired by Delta-Sigma data converters, which employ faster-than-Nyquist sampling with low quantization resolution. The Sparse Multi-Coset Array: This design concept exploits the sparsity commonly found in typical environments to allow for target detection and imaging with significantly fewer array elements than prescribed by conventional half-wavelength spacing. The result is a structured periodic non-uniform array composed of a number of distinct subarrays known as cosets. This approach is inspired by multi-coset sampling, for which the average sampling rate may be reduced below the Nyquist convention when the spectral components within the overall bandwidth are limited to some number of sub-bands. In this approach, we view the underlying engineering design problem as one of compressive sensing. In this thesis, we develop and apply the underlying mathematical principles and concepts of the dense and sparse arrays, taking into account the practical constraints and issues that make the system design, analysis, and performance evaluation rich from an engineering perspective.

Download or read book 2016 IEEE International Symposium on Phased Array Systems and Technology PAST written by IEEE Staff and published by . This book was released on 2016-10-18 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Phased array systems have made major steps forward with the development of many major radar and communications systems Due to many recent advances, including MMIC, photonics, and digital beamforming, phased array systems and technology continue to progress rapidly Current and future developments of ground based, sea based, airborne, and space based phased array radar, communications, and other electronic systems will be discussed at this international symposium

Download or read book Integrated Circuit and Antenna Technology for Millimeter wave Phased Array Radio Front end written by Mohammad-Reza Nezhad-Ahmadi and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 157 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ever growing demands for higher data rate and bandwidth are pushing extremely high data rate wireless applications to millimeter-wave band (30-300GHz), where sufficient bandwidth is available and high data rate wireless can be achieved without using complex modulation schemes. In addition to the communication applications, millimeter-wave band has enabled novel short range and long range radar sensors for automotive as well as high resolution imaging systems for medical and security. Small size, high gain antennas, unlicensed and worldwide availability of released bands for communication and a number of other applications are other advantages of the millimeter-wave band. The major obstacle for the wide deployment of commercial wireless and radar systems in this frequency range is the high cost and bulky nature of existing GaAs- and InP-based solutions. In recent years, with the rapid scaling and development of the silicon-based integrated circuit technologies such as CMOS and SiGe, low cost technologies have shown acceptable millimeter-wave performance, which can enable highly integrated millimeter-wave radio devices and reduce the cost significantly. Furthermore, at this range of frequencies, on-chip antenna becomes feasible and can be considered as an attractive solution that can further reduce the cost and complexity of the radio package. The propagation channel challenges for the realization of low cost and reliable silicon-based communication devices at millimeter-wave band are severe path loss as well as shadowing loss of human body. Silicon technology challenges are low-Q passive components, low breakdown voltage of active devices, and low efficiency of on-chip antennas. The main objective of this thesis is to investigate and to develop antenna and front-end for cost-effective silicon based millimeter-wave phased array radio architectures that can address above challenges for short range, high data rate wireless communication as well as radar applications.

Download or read book Low Cost and Low Power Phased Array Architectures for Wireless Communication and Sensing written by Mohammadali Panahi and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Advanced Retrodirective Array and Phased Array Architectures for Wireless Communication Systems written by Darren S. Goshi and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Phased array communication systems are increasing in popularity for many scenarios that require high speed, high resolution, flexible beamforming, system robustness, and compact footprints. It is seen as the promising future of many applications such as active and passive imaging radars, where mechanically steered antennas tend to be too bulky, unreliable, and with slow beam scanning rates.

Download or read book Array Architectures and Physical Layer Design for Millimeter Wave Communications Beyond 5G written by Han Yan and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ever increasing demands in mobile data rates have resulted in exploration of millimeter-wave (mmW) frequencies for the next generation (5G) wireless networks. Communications at mmW frequencies is presented with two keys challenges. Firstly, high propagation loss requires base stations (BSs) and user equipment (UEs) to use a large number of antennas and narrow beams to close the link with sufficient received signal power. Consequently, communications using narrow beams create a new challenge in channel estimation and link establishment based on fine angular probing. Current mmW system use analog phased arrays that can probe only one angle at the time which results in high latency during link establishment and channel tracking. It is desirable to design low latency beam training by exploring both physical layer designs and array architectures that could replace current 5G approaches and pave the way to the communications for frequency bands in higher mmW band and sub-THz region where larger antenna arrays and communications bandwidth can be exploited. To this end, we propose a novel signal processing techniques exploiting unique properties of mmW channel, and show both theoretically, in simulation and experiments its advantages over conventional approaches. Secondly, we explore different array architecture design and analyze their trade-offs between spectral efficiency and power consumption and area. For comprehensive comparison, we have developed a methodology for optimal design of system parameters for different array architecture candidates based on the spectral efficiency target, and use these parameters to estimate the array area and power consumption based on the circuits reported in the literature. We show that the hybrid analog and digital architectures have severe scalability concerns in radio frequency signal distribution with increased array size and spatial multiplexing levels, while the fully-digital array architectures have the best performance and power/area trade-offs. The developed approaches are based on a cross-disciplinary research that combines innovation in model based signal processing, machine learning, and radio hardware. This work is the first to apply compressive sensing (CS), a signal processing tool that exploits sparsity of mmW channel model, to accelerate beam training of mmW cellular system. The algorithm is designed to address practical issues including the requirement of cell discovery and synchronization that involves estimation of angular channel together with carrier frequency offset and timing offsets. We have analyzed the algorithm performance in the 5G compliant simulation and showed that an order of magnitude saving is achieved in initial access latency for the desired channel estimation accuracy. Moreover, we are the first to develop and implement a neural network assisted compressive beam alignment to deal with hardware impairments in mmW radios. We have used 60GHz mmW testbed to perform experiments and show that neural networks approach enhances alignment rate compared to CS. To further accelerate beam training, we proposed a novel frequency selective probing beams using the true-time-delay (TTD) analog array architecture. Our approach utilizes different subcarriers to scan different directions, and achieves a single-shot beam alignment, the fastest approach reported to date. Our comprehensive analysis of different array architectures and exploration of emerging architectures enabled us to develop an order of magnitude faster and energy efficient approaches for initial access and channel estimation in mmW systems.