Download or read book Digestion and Utilization of Dietary Fat in Weaned Piglets and Growing Pigs written by Thomas Bruun Christensen and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 105 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Improving Fat Utilization by the Weaned Pig Effect of Diet Physical Form Fatty Acid Chain Length and Emulsification written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Previous research indicates that dietary fat utilization by the newly-weaned pig is low, while fat digestive capabilities prior to weaning are very high. Sow milk contains approximately 40% fat, whereas nursery diets are rarely formulated to contain more than 5%. The aim of this experiment was to determine if emulsification (plus or minus Tween-80), physical form of the diet (liquid vs dry) or fatty acid chain length (medium (MCT) vs long chain triglyceride (LCT)) effect fat utilization by the newly weaned pig. Two replicates were performed in the summer of 2006 at the NCSU Swine Educational Unit. Pigs (N= 96) were weaned at 20 " 0.30 d of age (6.8 " 0.04 kg) and fed one of eight dietary treatments for 14 d according to a 2x2x2 factorial design. The MCT fat contained primarily C8 and C10 fatty acids while the LCT fat was supplied by choice white grease. Each fat was spray dried with or without the inclusion of Tween-80 emulsifier (at 2% wD) and comprised 12% of the final diets. Diets were otherwise formulated to exceed NRC nutrient requirements. Liquid diets were reconstituted with water to 13% dry matter and were offered ad libitum via milk-replacer feeders (Kane Manufacturing). Diet physical form greatly accelerated piglet growth (P 0.05), with liquid-fed pigs (0.49 kgD) out gaining dry-fed pigs (0.340 kgD) by 44%. Triglyceride chain length also impacted growth (P
Download or read book Weaning the pig written by J.R. Pluske and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2023-08-28 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'Weaning the Pig: Concepts and Consequences' is a new book that addresses the major issues surrounding the weaning process, both for piglets and the breeding herd, in modern-day pig production. The post-weaned pig presents many challenges to the manager, stockperson and nutritionist, and as such is a critical phase in the overall production system. Numerous challenges are also faced by the sow, which is required to be rebred as soon as possible after weaning. This book draws together summaries of research dealing with both piglets and the sow, and is a unique book in this regard. Accordingly, the material presented covers in detail the following areas associated with the weaning process: growth of the weaned pig, nutritional management in preparation for weaning, behavioural changes and adaptations around weaning, voluntary feed intake, digestive physiology, modulation of small intestinal integrity, the intestinal microflora and diarrhoeal diseases after weaning, intestinal immunity, nutritional requirements and intestinal requirements of the weaned pig, environmental and housing issues after weaning, saving and rearing supernumery and underprivileged piglets, and productivity and longevity of the weaned sow. The chapters have been written by acknowledged experts from around the world. The book is an ideal reference for all professions associated with the pig industry, and is invaluable as a text for students at both undergraduate and postgraduate levels.
Download or read book Nutrient and energy digestibility in weaned piglets as influenced by feeding level and origin of soy bean meal in the diet written by Miriam Goerke and published by Cuvillier Verlag. This book was released on 2014-11-12 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Feed is the greatest single cost factor in pig production, and protein and energy accounts for the largest proportion of feed costs. Therefore, it is crucial that the protein and energy content of a diet is characterized in the best possible way. Over the past years, the standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of crude protein (CP) and amino acids (AA) has been introduced into diet formulation for pigs in several countries. Moreover, different energy systems are available for feed evaluation including digestible energy (DE), metabolizable energy (ME) and net energy (NE). For soybean meal (SBM), the most commonly used feed ingredient in pig diets, tabulated values for SID of AA in addition to DE, ME or NE contents have been determined in grower-finisher pigs rather than weaned piglets. Due to the lack of separate feed tables for piglets, tabulated values originating from experiments with grower-finisher pigs are being used for diet formulation in piglet feeding, although post-weaning feed intake (FI) is highly variable and often lower than 3 times the maintenance energy requirement of weaned piglets. Thus, it remains open, if values obtained with grower-finisher pigs can be used for piglets as well. Furthermore, in grower-finisher pigs it has been shown that dietary inclusion of SBM sources of different origins may affect SID of CP and AA. The influence of SBM origin on SID of CP and AA in piglets has not been investigated so far. Therefore, the first objective of the present thesis was to determine SID of CP and AA in a large variety of SBM sources sourced from different countries, whereas the second and third objective was to investigate the effect of FI level on apparent ileal digestibility (AID) and SID of CP and AA, as well as on apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of proximate nutrients and energy in weaned piglets. For this purpose, a digestibility experiment with a total of 36 (initial BW 5.6 kg) newly weaned pigs, surgically fitted with simple T-cannulas at the distal ileum, was conducted. The piglets were housed in metabolic crates, and were fed semi-synthetic diets based on cornstarch and 1 out of 18 different SBM batches originating either from Argentina (6 batches), Brazil (6 batches) or the United States (US; 6 batches). Diets were fed on three graded levels of FI corresponding to 30, 45 and 60 g per kg average body weight (BW) of piglets, equivalent to 50, 75 or 100 g/kg BW0.75 d or 1.9, 2.6 and 3.1 times the energy requirement for maintenance. The whole experiment was split in 3 consecutive parts with 12 piglets, each. Over the whole experiment, the piglets were randomly allocated to the different combinations of FI level and SBM, but balanced in order to achieve 3 identical experimental parts. Chapter 1 of the present thesis provides a brief introduction into the objective of this thesis, including background information on SBM production, composition, and a literature review about studies concerning the impact of SBM origin and the effect of FI level on nutrient digestibility in pigs. Chapter 2 includes information on the chemical composition and proximate constituents of the 18 SBM batches originating from Argentina, Brazil, or the US. The average content of CP was greater for Brazilian SBM (P ≤ 0.05) compared to the other 2 origins. Contents of most AA were greater (P ≤ 0.05) in Brazilian compared to Argentinean SBM batches. Amino acid contents in US SBM batches ranged between those from Argentina and Brazil. Average trypsin inhibitor activity was greatest (P ≤ 0.05) in Brazilian SBM. Mycotoxins were detected in 8 out of 18 SBM batches, but all mycotoxin levels were below their critical benchmarks. The contents of individual isoflavones varied considerably among SBM origins (P ≤ 0.05). The SID of Arg, Phe, Thr, Trp, Asp, Gly, and Ser were greater (P ≤ 0.05) for US compared to Argentinean SBM batches, and intermediate values were obtained for Brazilian SBM batches. The SID values were most variable within Argentinean SBM batches and most homogenous within US SBM batches, as indicated by a great and a small coefficient of variation, respectively. However, SID of CP and AA were not related to any of the analyzed chemical constituents. It was concluded that EU imports of SBM are generally of high quality. The obtained SID values contribute substantially to the expansion of databases on SID of CP and AA in SBM from the 3 major soybean-producing countries for piglets. However, SID values obtained with piglets were considerably lower compared with tabulated values originating from grower-finisher pigs. Thus, further studies are warranted to confirm that finally separate feed tables for ingredients used in diet formulation for piglets are required to account for these differences. In Chapter 3, the effect of 3 graded levels of FI on AID and SID of CP and AA in SBM based diets was determined in piglets. The AID and SID of most AA were quadratically affected by the FI level (P ≤ 0.05). Initially, both AID and SID of most AA increased up to 1.9 % units as the FI level was increased from 30 to 45 g/kg BW. Thereafter, these AID and SID values decreased by 2.6 and 2.7 % units, respectively, as the FI level was further increased from 45 to 60 g/kg BW. It was concluded that there is a significant effect of feed intake level, albeit of small magnitude, on AID and SID of CP and AA, which possibly has to be accounted for in feed tables, due to the high variability of voluntary FI post weaning. In Chapter 4, the effect of 3 graded FI levels on AID and ATTD of proximate nutrients and energy, as well as on estimates of dietary DE, ME and NE contents was investigated. Due to the graded level of FI, and thereby the graded intake of nutrients, ileal endogenous nutrient losses and/or total tract endogenous nutrient losses could be estimated by linear regression analysis, and true digestibility values as well as urinary endogenous N losses could be calculated. The AID of DM, N and energy as well as ATTD of neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber and ether extract (EE) in the assay diets was not affected (P > 0.05) by FI level. However, there was a small decrease in ATTD of DM, N, OM, ash and energy, as well as in DE, ME and NE content in the assay diets (P
Download or read book Digestive Physiology of Pigs written by J. E. Lindberg and published by CABI. This book was released on 2001-06-26 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book brings together edited and revised papers presented at the 8th Symposium on Digestive Physiology of Pigs held in Uppsala in June, 2000. It contains more than 100 papers from leading scientists from around the world in this subject area.Among other features it contributes to the development of the the science relating to the effects of nutrition on gut physiology. It also creates a platform for future research, that will increase knowledge of how to optimize the nutrition of the pig and to help prevent diet-related gastrointestinal conditions.
Download or read book Lingual and Gastric Lipases written by Margit Hamosh and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-04-15 with total page 363 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1990: This book discusses the role of fat digestion with regards to Lingual and Gastric Lipases.
Download or read book Practical Pig Nutrition written by Colin Trengove Whittemore and published by Farming Press Limited. This book was released on 1979 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Objective of pig nutrition. Pig products. Proteins. Energy. Minerals, vitamins and water. Appetite. Rationing. Choosing a feeding program for growing pigs - with the help of a model. Choosing a feeding program for the breeding herd. Feedstuffs. Diet formulation.
Download or read book Swine Nutrition written by Elwyn R. Miller and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 692 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Swine Nutrition is a comprehensive text-reference that deals with the various aspects and knowledge in swine nutrition. The book is basically about nutrient utilization by swine. The topics discussed concerning this subject are factors influencing swine nutrition, nutrient bioavailability, appetite and feeding behavior, physical forms of feed, environment and management, immunocompetence, genetic and sex considerations, mycotoxins, and intestinal microbiology. Major and unique feedstuffs, feeding regimen in different stages of growth, and techniques in swine nutrition research are also elaborated. The text will be useful to students of advance swine nutrition courses as well as those seeking information in swine nutrition.
Download or read book Limits of Fat Utilization in the Neonatal Piglet written by Shu-Hsing Chiang and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Improving Fat Utilization by the Weaned Pig written by Kathryn Leigh Price and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 63 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Keywords: fatty acid chain length, spray dried fat, emulsification, fat utilization, weaned pigs, diet physical form.
Download or read book Current Concepts of Digestion and Absorption in Pigs written by I. G. Partridge and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why do we do this work?; Observations on the objectives and methodology of research on digestion and absorption in pigs; Stomach and the small intestine of pigs; Protein digestion and absorption in the stomach and the small intestine of pigs; Ileal digestibility of protein: applied aspects; Digestion and absorption of carbohydrate and lipid in the stomach and the small intestine of the pig; Carbohydrases in pig small intestine mucosa; The use of intestinal cannulation to study the absorption of minerals from the digestive tract of the pig; Role of the large intestine in the processes of digestion and absorption in the pig; The effect of starch infusion into the distal end of the ileum on nitrogen digestibility and nitrogen balance in pigs; Endogenous secretions in the pig; Secretion of nitrogenous compounds into the small intestine of pigs; In vitro measurements of intestinal function; A new method for measuring the absorption of nutrients in the pig: critical examination.
Download or read book Improving Pig Performance and Nutrient Utilization by Manipulating Dietary Protein Level and Using Fermentable Fibre Ingredients written by Gaofeng He and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 478 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Feed efficiency in swine written by John F. Patience and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-10-15 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'Feed efficiency in swine' has been prepared as a comprehensive treatise on the current state of our understanding of this topic which is so important to the pork industry. Each chapter is written by international authorities who understand both the science and application of their topic area. The book provides detailed insight into the many factors affecting feed efficiency, ranging from diet processing to herd health, from nutrition to physiology and from day-to-day barn management to the adoption of advanced technologies. The authors explain such practical aspects as the challenge of interpreting feed efficiency information obtained on farm or the role of liquid feeding. The authors also delve into more scientific topics such as amino acid or energy metabolism or animal physiology. This book is written for people who have a technical interest in pork production, including nutritionists, geneticists, farm management specialists, veterinarians, other academics and, of course, pork producers.
Download or read book Dietary Caloric Density and Caloric Utilization in the Pig written by Somsak Vathana and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Effects of Dietary Fat Source and Feeding Duration on Pig Growth Performance and Fat Quality written by Ethan Wade Stephenson and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 3 experiments, 4,720 pigs were used to determine the effects of: 1) dietary fat and feeding duration on growth performance and fat quality in finishing pigs; or 2) a novel protease or 3) increasing levels of Zn amino acid complex (ZnAA) or ZnO on finishing pig performance. Experiment 1 tested the effects of feeding tallow, soybean oil, or a blend of the two for various feeding durations (d 0 to 42, 42 to 84, or 0 to 84). Overall, pigs fed added fat for the entire 84 d had improved G:F compared to those fed a control diet. Additionally, pigs fed additional fat for the entire study had improved ADG and G:F as well as increased d 84 BW compared to pigs fed additional fat for 42 d. Increasing the feeding duration of soybean oil lowered monounsaturated fatty acids and increased polyunsaturated fatty acid concentrations while these values remained relatively unchanged by the addition of tallow. There were feeding period by fat source interactions for fatty acid composition and iodine value for belly and backfat, but not jowl fat, indicating a longer turnover rate for jowl fat compared to belly or backfat. In Exp. 2, adding a protease to a nutrient deficient diet increased ADFI and tended to increase ADG compared to pigs fed a negative control diet. There were no differences observed in ADG, ADFI, or G:F between pigs fed a positive control diet, formulated to 90% of the pigs SID lysine requirement, and those fed a negative control diet plus the protease, which would suggest the release values attributed to the enzyme were accurate. In Exp. 3, supplementing additional Zn from either ZnAA or ZnO at 25, 50, or 75 ppm in finishing diets for commercial finishing pigs was evaluated. Overall, no differences were observed in ADFI, but a Zn source by level interaction was observed for ADG and G:F, as pigs fed increasing ZnO were observed to have similar performance, while pigs fed added levels of 25 and 50 ppm Zn from ZnAA had decreased performance compared to those fed the highest level of ZnAA.
Download or read book Lecithin written by Israel Hanin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recently, there has been tremendous scientific interest in the role of phospholipids and particularly phosphatidylcholine (lecithin) in a variety of biological processes. These include the involvement of phosphatidylcholine in biological membranes, as a component of plasma lipoprotein, as a transporter of choline in the body, and also as a "reserve", and possibly only source of unesterified choline. Moreover, numerous clinical studies have recently been conducted, to evaluate the possible uses of externally supplied lecithin in the treatment of some intractible neuropsychiatric disorders (e.g. tardive dyski.nesia, Alzheimer's disease, etc.) and other conditions (e.g. hypercholesteremia). Results to date are encouraging, yet equivocal. This is due, in part, to the fact that the field of phospholipid methodology is highly complex. There is much confusion in the literature, and many ambiguities still remain in the interpretation of experimental findings. This is particularly so for phenomena involving phospholipid function in the central nervous system. This book incorporates the proceedings of the Fourth International Colloquium on Lecithin, which took place in Chicago, Illinois, USA, on September 15-17, 1986. The purpese of this colloquium was to review, in a comprehensive manner, basic principles as weli as current information about the technology, biochemistry, physiology and therapeutic potential of lecithin. Over 108 individuals from all over the world participated in the sessions. The meeting was subdivided into oral presentations and panel discussions (see Table of Contents). It was sponsored and financed by the Lucas Meyer GmbH (Hamburg), for which the editors are most grateful.
Download or read book Utilization of Various Types of Dietary Fat by Baby Pigs written by Irwin Lamar Miller and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
