Download or read book Differentially Expressed Proteins in Prostate Cancer and Functional Characterization of Proteins with Altered Expression written by Ramesh Ummanni and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Altered Expression of Proteins in Cancer Function and Potential Therapeutic Targets written by Varda Shoshan-Barmatz and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-08-03 with total page 535 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Molecular Biology of Prostate Cancer written by Manfred Wirth and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2013-05-22 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Screening and Functional Characterization of Protein Tyrosine Kinases Differentially Regulated in Human Prostate Cancer written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Validation and Localization of Restricted Gene Expression in the Developing Prostate with Emphasis on PAX Gene Expression Profiling and Functional Studies During Murine Prostate Development written by Qian Chen and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prostate cancer (PCa), being the most commonly diagnosed cancer in American men and the second leading cause of cancer deaths, drew great attention from scientists since last decade. As developmental processes share several features in common with metastatic cancer, I hypothesized that a better understanding of genes involved in prostate morphogenesis may identify molecules that could be useful for better diagnosis and therapy for prostate cancer. The prostate is derived from the urogenital sinus (UGS), which can be separated into four subdomains based on cellular compartment and dorsal-ventral patterning. Essentially these are the epithelium/mesenchymal (UGE/UGM) compartments and the dorsal/ventral halves (UGD/UGV). I believe that the localization of a gene's expression should be related to its particular function in prostate organogenesis, and will help us to better understand the mechanism of PCa development and metastasis. In the first part of this research, cDNA microarray (MA) analysis was performed to identify differentially expressed genes associated with each of the UGS sub-compartments. Results identified 530 genes (3.5%) in UGE/UGM, and 35 (0.23%) in UGD/UGV that exhibit spatially restricted expression. To validate the MA results, 22 genes were chosen based on the magnitude of the expression difference, their potential function and whether they are expressed differentially in both comparisons of UGS/UGM or UGD/UGV. Quantitative real time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (Q-RT-PCR or Q-PCR) was performed to observe relative mRNA levels and more than 70% of the genes showed results consistent with MA analysis. Immunofluorescence (IF) then was used to localize five of those genes confirmed in the predicted subdomains by Q-PCR. PAX2 was one of five genes that showed dorsal-epithelial (DE) restricted expression in the UGS, and was studied further. The paired-box (PAX) gene family encodes a group of 9 transcription factors that regulate organogenesis both temporally and spatially. Results of earlier studies showed that PAX2 null male mice fail to develop a mature urogenital system properly. In addition, it was reported recently that PAX2 is overexpressed in the androgen independent human prostate cancer cell line, PC3. These studies indicated that PAX2 is implicated in both prostate organogenesis and prostate cancer. Despite this evidence, the pattern of PAX2 expression during prostate development is unknown. To discover PAX2's temporal expression pattern, UGS or prostate tissue samples were collected at 10 different developmental stages from C3H male mice. Q-PCR was performed to determine PAX2 mRNA levels in each sample group. PAX2 mRNA levels are higher in early developmental stage prostate tissue (urogenital sinus, through budding up to early puberty - about P14) as compared to its levels in post-pubertal (after P35) prostate tissue. Both RT-PCR and Western blotting were employed to detect the spatial expression pattern of PAX2 using samples of each UGS/prostate sub-compartment. Cytoplasmic proteins of prostate tissue were separated from nuclear proteins, followed by Western blotting, to verify the subcellular localization of the PAX2 protein. The results showed that PAX2 is a DE restricted and nuclear localized protein in developing prostate. The dorsal UGS derived prostate gland consists of the anterior lobes (AP) and dorsal-lateral lobes (DLP). Androgen levels were manipulated in vivo by castration, through a 21 day time course, in adult C3H male mice and in a human prostate cancer cell line, LNCaP, in vitro using serum starvation and androgen replacement (1 nM R1881, 48 hr timed course) to study the regulation of PAX2 expression by androgens. The Q-PCR and WB results showed that PAX2 expression levels in the adult mouse prostate are low and are induced by castration in a time-dependent manner. Also, androgen treated LNCaP cells in vitro display decreased PAX2 expression as compared to controls. Both studies indicated a similar regulatory pattern, which is, PAX2 mRNA expression is regulated negatively by androgen. The glandular morphology of PAX2 knockout mouse prostates were compared to those of wild type during a developmental series. PAX2 KO mice do not develop normal prostates and exhibit severe defects in both patterning of the prostate rudiment and elongation of glandular buds. Heterozygous mice had delayed prostate development. RT-PCR compared the expression of genes related to cancer development (WT1), developmental patterning (Wnt family members) and prostate organogenesis (shh and NKX3.1) and found their levels were reduced greatly. These results support a critical role for PAX2 in prostate development, and strongly suggests that PAX2 is upstream and required for expression of WT1, shh and NKX3.1. Thus, PAX2 is a candidate for mediating androgen signaling between the stromal and epithelial compartments during glandular bud formation.
Download or read book Isolation and Functional Analysis of Differentially Expressed Genes in Human Prostate Cancer written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Functional Characterization of Two Novel Human Prostate Cancer Metastasis Related Genes written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We propose to identify the functional characterization of two novel cancer-specific, metastasis-related genes whose constitutive expression may be pivotal for prostate cancer progression. Work accomplished was performed based on the proposed statement of work. We have characterized the full-length cDNAs of the Seq1 and Seq2 genes using at least three 5' and '3 rapid amplifications of cDNA ends (RACE) commercial kits (Invitrogen Carlsbad, CA, BD Bioscience (Clontech Inc), and Seegene, Rockville, MD). To optimize the PCR conditions for each kit, we had designed several sets of gene-specific primers (GSP;23-28 nt long) with 50-70% GC and Tm of 55 to 75 degrees C for each gene. We have also designed several sets of nested GSPs to verify our cloned genes. Because of unique secondary structures, high GC content, short SSH sequences, and low levels of expression of these genes in prostate cancer cell lines, we had great deal of difficulty in accomplishing this task in a timely fashion. As such, we devised different strategies for the first-strand synthesis using a modified oligo(dT) primers (5'-CDS primer or 3'-CDS primer), and Smart oligo II primer under various conditions. The full-length cDNA sequences were subcloned into mammalian expression vectors (Invitrogen) and ready to be used for generation of recombinant proteins and antibody production.
Download or read book Functional Characterization of the Cyclin K Protein in Prostate Cancer written by Sabrina Schecher and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Molecular Analysis of Cancer written by Jacqueline Boultwood and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-02-02 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past 20 years, technological advances in molecular biology have proven invaluable to the understanding of the pathogenesis of human cancer. The application of molecular technology to the study of cancer has not only led to advances in tumor diagnosis, but has also provided markers for the assessment of prognosis and disease progression. The aim of Molecular Ana- sis of Cancer is to provide a comprehensive collection of the most up-to-date techniques for the detection of molecular changes in human cancer. Leading researchers in the field have contributed chapters detailing practical pro- dures for a wide range of state-of-the-art techniques. Molecular Analysis of Cancer includes chapters describing techniques for the identification of chromosomal abnormalities and comprising: fluor- cent in situ hybridization (FISH), spectral karyotyping (SKY), comparative genomic hybridization (CGH), and microsatellite analysis. FISH has a pro- nent role in the molecular analysis of cancer and can be used for the detection of numerical and structural chromosomal abnormalities. The recently described SKY, in which all human metaphase chromosomes are visualized in specific colors, allows for the definition of all chromosomal rearrangements and marker chromosomes in a tumor cell. Protocols for the detection of chromosomal re- rangements by PCR and RT-PCR are described, as well as the technique of DNA fingerprinting, a powerful tool for studying somatic genetic alterations in tumorigenesis.
Download or read book Introduction to Epigenetics written by Renato Paro and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-03-23 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access textbook leads the reader from basic concepts of chromatin structure and function and RNA mechanisms to the understanding of epigenetics, imprinting, regeneration and reprogramming. The textbook treats epigenetic phenomena in animals, as well as plants. Written by four internationally known experts and senior lecturers in this field, it provides a valuable tool for Master- and PhD- students who need to comprehend the principles of epigenetics, or wish to gain a deeper knowledge in this field. After reading this book, the student will: Have an understanding of the basic toolbox of epigenetic regulation Know how genetic and epigenetic information layers are interconnected Be able to explain complex epigenetic phenomena by understanding the structures and principles of the underlying molecular mechanisms Understand how misregulated epigenetic mechanisms can lead to disease
Download or read book Altered Expression of Proteins in Cancer Function and Potential Therapeutic Targets Volume II written by João Pessoa and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-08-02 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Mouse Models of Human Cancer written by Eric C. Holland and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2004-08-27 with total page 504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mice have become the species of choice for modeling the complex interactions between tumor cells and the host environment. Mouse genetics are easily manipulated, and a growing array of technology exists for this purpose. Mouse models allow investigators to better understand causal relationships between specific genetic alterations and tumors, utilize new imaging techniques, and test novel therapies. Recent developments along these lines show great promise for the development of new anti-cancer treatments. Mouse Models of Human Cancer provides researchers and students with a complete resource on the subject, systematically presenting the principles, methodologies, applications, and challenges associated with this exciting field. Offering a survey of the latest research and a description of future areas of interest, this text: Presents real experimental data Describes organ site-specific mouse models Clearly identifies suitable models for further drug testing Critically analyzes current methodologies and their limitations Features numerous recognizable expert contributors Lists key Web sites, reagents, and companies From mouse handling and genetic engineering to preclinical trials, Mouse Models of Human Cancer is a comprehensive guide to using these models and relating them to human disease. Its uniform presentation describes organ-specific models in clinical, imaging, and molecular terms, and lays out the relevant genetics, experimental approaches, histological comparisons with human disease, and conclusions. Combining stellar chapter authors, rich illustrations, and clear, up-to-date coverage, Mouse Models of Human Cancer is an invaluable resource for advanced students and cutting-edge researchers.
Download or read book Continental Travel Key written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book AACR 2016 Abstracts 2697 5293 written by American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) and published by CTI Meeting Technology. This book was released on 2016-03-28 with total page 1518 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The AACR Annual Meeting is a must-attend event for cancer researchers and the broader cancer community. This year's theme, "Delivering Cures Through Cancer Science," reinforces the inextricable link between research and advances in patient care. The theme will be evident throughout the meeting as the latest, most exciting discoveries are presented in every area of cancer research. There will be a number of presentations that include exciting new data from cutting-edge clinical trials as well as companion presentations that spotlight the science behind the trials and implications for delivering improved care to patients. This book contains abstracts 2697-5293 presented on April 19-20, 2016, at the AACR Annual Meeting.
Download or read book Tight Junctions in Cancer Metastasis written by Tracey A. Martin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-02-26 with total page 315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There has been a dramatic increase in knowledge of tight junctions in the past decade. The molecular structure of tight junctions, cellular functions and the pathophysiological roles of tight junctions are becoming clear. Of the most important functions, the role of the cellular structure in cancer spread and drug delivery are increasingly realised. It is now clear that there are fundamental changes to tight junctions during the process of cancer development. Tight junctions are also critical to the metastatic process of cancer cells. The cellular structure is also crucial in drug therapies, namely, the permeability and bioavailability of the drugs, penetration of barriers such as the blood brain barrier. This current volume aims to summarise the current knowledge of tight junctions, their role in cancer and cancer metastasis and is of interest to scientists and clinicians.
Download or read book Essentials of Glycobiology written by Ajit Varki and published by CSHL Press. This book was released on 1999 with total page 694 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sugar chains (glycans) are often attached to proteins and lipids and have multiple roles in the organization and function of all organisms. "Essentials of Glycobiology" describes their biogenesis and function and offers a useful gateway to the understanding of glycans.
Download or read book Mitochondria and Cancer written by Keshav Singh and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-04-05 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nearly a century of scientific research has revealed that mitochondrial dysfunction is one of the most common and consistent phenotypes of cancer cells. A number of notable differences in the mitochondria of normal and cancer cells have been described. These include differences in mitochondrial metabolic activity, molecular composition of mitochondria and mtDNA sequence, as well as in alteration of nuclear genes encoding mitochondrial proteins. This book, Mitochondria and Cancer, edited by Keshav K. Singh and Leslie C. Costello, presents thorough analyses of mitochondrial dysfunction as one of the hallmarks of cancer, discusses the clinical implications of mitochondrial defects in cancer, and as unique cellular targets for novel and selective anti-cancer therapy.
