Download or read book Inventing the Schlieffen Plan written by Terence Zuber and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2002-10-31 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The existence of the Schlieffen plan has been one of the basic assumptions of twentieth-century military history. It was the perfect example of the evils of German militarism: aggressive, mechanical, disdainful of politics and of public morality. The Great War began in August 1914 allegedly because the Schlieffen plan forced the German government to transform a Balkan quarrel into a World War by attacking France. And, in the end, the Schlieffen plan failed at the battle of the Marne. Yet it has always been recognized that the Schlieffen plan included inconsistencies which have never been satisfactorily explained. On the basis of newly discovered documents from German archives, Terence Zuber presents a radically different picture of German war planning between 1871 and 1914, and concludes that, in fact, there never really was a `Schlieffen plan'.

Download or read book The Forts and Fortifications of Europe 1815 1945 The Central States written by J.E. Kaufmann and published by Pen and Sword. This book was released on 2014-07-02 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After the Napoleonic Wars the borders of Central Europe were redrawn and relative peace endured across the region, but the volatile politics of the late nineteenth century generated an atmosphere of fear and distrust, and it gave rise to a new era of fortress building, and this is the subject of this highly illustrated new study. The authors describe how defensive lines and structures on a massive scale were constructed along national frontiers to deter aggression. The Germans, Austro-Hungarians and Czechs all embarked on ambitious building programmes. Artillery positions, barbed-wire networks, casemates, concrete bunkers, trench lines, observation posts all sprang up in a vain attempt to keep the peace and to delay the invader. The strategic thinking that gave rise to these defensive schemes is described in detail in this study, as is the planning, design and construction of the lines themselves. Their operational history in wartime, in particular during the Second World War, is a key element of the account.

Download or read book Soviet Mass Festivals 1917 1991 written by Malte Rolf and published by University of Pittsburgh Pre. This book was released on 2013 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is an English translation of a study of the highly organized public mass celebrations to glorify the state/party/leader of authoritarian regimes in the 20th century, which originated in and enjoyed their longest run in the Soviet Union.

Download or read book Monatschrift Fur Hohere Schulen written by and published by . This book was released on 1904 with total page 734 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Das Neunzehnte Jahrhundert written by Gustav Adolf Zimmermann and published by . This book was released on 1902 with total page 696 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Violence and Legitimacy written by Volker Sellin and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2017-12-18 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Benjamin Constant distinguished two kinds of government: unlawful government based on violence, and legitimate government based on the general will. In Europe monarchy was for over a thousand years considered the natural form of legitimate government. The sources of its legitimacy were the dynastic principle, religion, and the ability to protect against foreign aggression. At the end of the eighteenth century the revolutions in America and France called into question the traditional legitimacy of monarchy, but Volker Sellin shows that in response to this challenge monarchy opened up new sources of legitimacy by concluding alliances with constitutionalism, nationalism, and social reform. In some cases the age of revolution brought on a new type of leader, basing his claim to power on charisma.

Download or read book Gifts from Jerusalem Jews to the Austro Hungarian Monarchs written by Lily Arad and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2022-06-21 with total page 629 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presentations of offerings to the emperor-king on anniversaries of his accession became an important imperial ritual in the court of Franz Joseph I. This book explores for the first time the identity constructions of Orthodox Jewish communities in Jerusalem as expressed in their gifts to the Austro-Hungarian Kaisers at the time of dramatic events. It reveals how the beautiful gifts, their dedications, and their narratives, were perceived by gift-givers and recipients as instruments capable of acting upon various social, cultural and political processes. Lily Arad describes in a captivating manner the historical narratives of the creation and presentation of these gifts. She analyzes the iconography of these gifts as having transformative effect on the self-identification of the Jewish communities and examines their reception by the Kaisers and in the Austrian and the Palestinian Jewish press. This groundbreaking book unveils Jewish cultural and political strategies aimed to create local Eretz-Israel identities, demonstrating distinct positive communal identification which at times expressed national sentiments and at the same time preserved European identification.

Download or read book Host Bibliographic Record for Boundwith Item Barcode 30112072131219 and Others written by and published by . This book was released on 1863 with total page 630 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Limits of Loyalty written by Laurence Cole and published by Berghahn Books. This book was released on 2007-11-01 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The overwhelming majority of historical work on the late Habsburg Monarchy has focused primarily on national movements and ethnic conflicts, with the result that too little attention has been devoted to the state and ruling dynasty. This volume is the first of its kind to concentrate on attempts by the imperial government to generate a dynastic-oriented state patriotism in the multinational Habsburg Monarchy. It examines those forces in state and society which tended toward the promotion of state unity and loyalty towards the ruling house. These essays, all original contributions and written by an international group of historians, provide a critical examination of the phenomenon of “dynastic patriotism” and offer a richly nuanced treatment of the multinational empire in its final phase.

Download or read book Beethoven in German Politics 1870 1989 written by David B. Dennis and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 1996-01-01 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This absorbing book chronicles the exploitation of Beethoven's life and work by German political parties from the founding of the modern nation in 1870 to the peaceful East German Revolution of 1989. David Dennis taps a wealth of new archival resources to examine for the first time how propagandists of every persuasion have transformed Beethoven and his art into powerful, and varied, national symbols. In fascinating detail, Dennis introduces many 'Beethovens, ' each fashioned as part of a process that transformed the composer into the most protean, and widely abused, cultural-political symbol in modern German history.-David Large, Montana State University This book] should fascinate not only Beethoven devotees but also anyone interested in the elusiveness and malleability of historical evidence.-James R. Oestreich, New York Time

Download or read book Classics Pamphlet Collection written by and published by . This book was released on 1873 with total page 724 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Kaiser written by Annika Mombauer and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2003-11-17 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection of innovative essays examining the role of Wilhelm II in Imperial Germany was first published in 2003, particularly on the later years of the monarch's reign. The essays highlight the Kaiser's relationship with statesmen and rulers; his role in international relations; the erosion of his power during the First World War; and his ultimate downfall in 1918. The book demonstrates the extent to which Wilhelm II was able to exercise 'personal rule', largely unopposed by the responsible government, and supported in his decision-making by his influential entourage. The essays are based on thorough and far-reaching research and on a wide range of archival sources. Written to honour the innovative work of John Röhl, Wilhelm II's most famous biographer, on his sixty-fifth birthday, the essays within this volume will continue to provide an exciting evaluation of the role and importance of this controversial monarch.

Download or read book The English Scholar written by Emil Hausknecht and published by . This book was released on 1910 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Pictorial Cultures and Political Iconographies written by Udo J. Hebel and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2011-06-30 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The pictorial turn in the humanities and social sciences has foregrounded the political power of images and the extent to which historical, political, social, and cultural processes and practices are shaped visually. Political iconographies are taken to interpret norms of actions, support ideological formations, and enhance moral concepts. Visual rhetorics are understood as active players in the construction and contestation of the political realm and public space. The twenty-one articles by scholars from Europe and the United States explore the political function and cultural impact of images from the perspectives of Art History, American Studies, Visual Culture Studies, History, and Political Science. The contributions in particular address the complex interplay between agent and addressee in the public space as well as issues of national identity, discourses of inclusion and exclusion, and the designation of political spaces within transnational contexts. The publication is part of the interdisciplinary research initiative “Perceiving and Understanding: Functions, Perception Processes, Forms of Visualizations, Cultural Strategies of Pictures and Texts” at the University of Regensburg.

Download or read book Tonindustrie Zeitung und Keramische Rundschau written by and published by . This book was released on 1909 with total page 840 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Kaiser s Memoirs written by German Emperor William II and published by Library of Alexandria. This book was released on 2020-09-28 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prince Bismarck's greatness as a statesman and his imperishable services to Prussia and Germany are historical facts of such tremendous significance that there is doubtless no man in existence, whatever his party affiliations, who would dare to place them in question. For this very reason alone it is stupid to accuse me of not having recognized the greatness of Prince Bismarck. The opposite is the truth. I revered and idolized him. Nor could it be otherwise. It should be borne in mind with what generation I grew up—the generation of the devotees of Bismarck. He was the creator of the German Empire, the paladin of my grandfather, and all of us considered him the greatest statesman of his day and were proud that he was a German. Bismarck was the idol in my temple, whom I worshiped. But monarchs also are human beings of flesh and blood, hence they, too, are exposed to the influences emanating from the conduct of others; therefore, looking at the matter from a human point of view, one will understand how Prince Bismarck, by his fight against me, himself destroyed, with heavy blows, the idol of which I have spoken. But my reverence for Bismarck, the great statesman, remained unaltered. While I was still Prince of Prussia I often thought to myself: "I hope that the great Chancellor will live for many years yet, since I should be safe if I could govern with him." But my reverence for the great statesman was not such as to make me take upon my own shoulders, when I became Emperor, political plans or actions of the Prince which I considered mistakes. Even the Congress of Berlin in 1878 was, to my way of thinking, a mistake, likewise the "Kulturkampf." Moreover, the constitution of the Empire was drawn up so as to fit in with Bismarck's extraordinary preponderance as a statesman; the big cuirassier boots did not fit every man. Then came the labor-protective legislation. I most deeply deplored the dispute which grew out of this, but, at that time, it was necessary for me to take the road to compromise, which has generally been my road both on domestic and foreign politics. For this reason I could not wage the open warfare against the Social Democrats which the Prince desired. Nevertheless, this quarrel about political measures cannot lessen my admiration for the greatness of Bismarck as a statesman; he remains the creator of the German Empire, and surely no one man need have done more for his country than that. Owing to the fact that the great matter of unifying the Empire was always before my eyes, I did not allow myself to be influenced by the agitations which were the commonplaces of those days. In like manner, the fact that Bismarck was called the majordomo of the Hohenzollerns could not shake my trust in the Prince, although he, perhaps, had thoughts of a political tradition for his family. As evidence of this, he felt unhappy, for instance, that his son Bill felt no interest in politics and wished to pass on his power to Herbert.

Download or read book Modern European Military Fortifications 1870 1950 written by J.E Kaufmann and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2004-10-30 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This selected bibliography on modern European fortifications, from 1850 to 1950, provides a selection of the most important books and articles written on this topic. The work covers regions and countries and includes many sources on such popular topics such as the Maginot Line along with lesser known fortifications such as the Salpa Line and the Swiss National Redoubt. References for the fortifications that appear cover everything from the Iberian Peninsula to the Soviet Union and from Scandinavia to the Mediterranean countries. This work includes not only American and English, but also non-English publications. This source features books and articles done in the nineteenth and twentieth century ending in December 2000. Each contributor is a member of SITE O, an international fortifications research group. In addition to helpful annotations, each chapter includes summaries on the fortifications. Also features a multi-lingual glossary and reference maps.