Download or read book Dialogo sui tre principi della scienza Perch una fondazione etica necessaria all epistemologia written by Ettore Perrella and published by Polimnia Digital Editions. This book was released on 2021-11-02 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: La recente pandemia ha chiamato in causa la scienza due volte e per motivi contrari: sia perché, attraverso le tecnologie, ha facilitato la diffusione del virus (se il virus non è addirittura sfuggito ad un laboratorio di microbiologia di Wuhan), sia perché ha rapidamente contribuito ad attenuarne gli effetti, grazie all’individuazione d’un vaccino; tuttavia ciò non ha impedito a molti di non credere al valore terapeutico del vaccino, come se nemmeno le evidenze della morte fossero sufficienti a fidarsi della scienza, sospettata d’essere al servizio d’un planetario complotto antidemocratico. Ma che cos’è la scienza, e fino a che punto ce ne possiamo fidare? Questo libro, scritto alcuni anni prima della pandemia, si pone questa domanda, anche a partire dall’esperienza della psicanalisi. La psicanalisi di solito non viene considerata una scienza, perché la sua teoria, secondo Popper, non sarebbe falsificabile. Si pensa che la scienza metta in relazione le cose (la “natura”) con delle leggi matematiche (vale a dire con dei simboli e dei concetti). Perciò si esclude la psicanalisi dal novero delle scienze. Però in questo modo si trascura il fatto che l’epistemologia novecentesca ritiene che i suoi princìpi siano solo due – gli enti ed il lógos oppure la natura e la matematica –, non tenendo conto in questo modo del fatto che mettere in relazione due entità è un atto, e che quindi la scienza ha anche questo terzo principio, senza il quale nemmeno i primi due basterebbero a fondarla. La scienza deve dunque essere pensata in termini triadici, perché affianca alla descrizione logica degli enti anche l’interrogazione etica sugli atti. Nel primo tomo del Dialogo, “La parola e l’atto” (a cui faranno seguito un secondo, “La scienza, fra l’etica e l’ontologia” e un terzo, “La scienza come pratica formativa”) emerge il valore costitutivo dell’atto nella scienza e si delinea la differenza fra l’epistemologia diadica tradizionale, di origine aristotelica, e l’epistemologia triadica, di origine platonica, che include l’etica fra i princìpi della scienza. La verità della scienza, come mostra l’epistemologia trascendentale – da Cartesio, a Kant, a Husserl – non può fondarsi sull’astrazione del pensiero – da cui sorgono inevitabilmente lo scetticismo e la sfiducia nella scienza – ma sull’inaggirabilità dell’atto di pensare. Ecco perché la fondazione trascendentale della scienza è etica, prima ancora che ontologica o logica. Proprio in questo individuiamo, anche grazie al contributo di Lacan, uno dei compiti fondamentali della psicanalisi: ridisegnare i confini epistemologici della scienza, riconducendola all’atto libero degli esseri parlanti.
Download or read book Dialogo sui tre principi della scienza Perch una fondazione etica necessaria all epistemologia written by Ettore Perrella and published by Polimnia Digital Editions. This book was released on 2021-11-19 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: La seconda parte del Dialogo s’interroga sulle conseguenze che hanno avuto, per la scienza, da una parte la teoria della relatività, dall’altra la meccanica quantistica. Non è un caso che la meccanica quantistica e la teoria della relatività siano nate negli stessi anni in cui è nata la psicanalisi: come la fisica non è una conoscenza degli enti in quanto sono, indipendentemente da chi s’interroga su di essi, così il soggetto non è identico a se stesso e non coincide con la propria coscienza. E non è un caso neppure che la stessa parola “energia”, che tanto spazio ha nella fisica, nella lingua greca, sulla quale quella parola è stata ricalcata, significava atto. Quando si traggono le conseguenze del fatto che l’atto individuale è costitutivo di qualunque scienza, avviene che la scienza propriamente detta – per esempio la matematica, la fisica ecc. – diviene una modalità regionale, delimitata da alcuni specifici presupposti, della scienza fondata sulla verità soggettiva. Ora, la scienza che tiene conto dell’eticità dell’atto dell’agente altro non è che quella pratica che gli antichi greci chiamarono filosofia. Infatti non è un caso che sia stato Platone il primo ad esprimere la differenza radicale fra la scienza – l’epistéme – e l’opinione. Il fatto che la scienza moderna tenda a non riconoscere al proprio interno la funzione costitutiva dell’atto ha costretto l’epistemologia novecentesca a riconoscere che la verità della scienza è solo provvisoria, secondo la teoria popperiana della falsificabilità. Ciò ha fatto sì che la scienza moderna, se da un lato ha consentito gli enormi progressi della tecnologia e dell’economia, dall’altro ha anche finito per compromettere le stesse condizioni di vivibilità del nostro pianeta. Se però della scienza ci si fa un concetto triadico, e quindi s’inserisce l’atto fra i suoi princìpi, diviene possibile costruire un concetto di scienza – vale a dire di sapere – dotato di maggiore estensione e di minore intensione (concetto che può eventualmente ridursi, a seconda delle premesse adottate, a questa o a quella scienza regionale, quindi, per esempio, sia alle scienze quantitative, sia alla psicanalisi, sia alla filosofia). Il termine latino scientia, in effetti, era riferibile a qualunque sapere, dall’astronomia, alla letteratura, all’arte, e persino alla culinaria e all’agricoltura. Chiunque, in effetti, ha una scienza – un sapere –, che lo guida anche nelle più semplici delle pratiche umane. Come aveva capito Husserl nella Crisi delle scienze europee, il fatto che le scienze moderne si fondino su ipotesi diverse e disparate – non incluse in una prospettiva etica comune – non esclude affatto che esse possano rientrare, con varie modalità, in una prospettiva unitaria, che allora diviene al tempo stesso filosofica e scientifica.
Download or read book Knowledge and Reality written by P. Parrini and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1998-03-31 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: XIV The stability of a philosophical construction will depend not only upon the solidity of the blocks, of the pillars and architraves that make it up, but also upon the way in which all these parts are connected. Of course, it will not be possible to argue for every single part of a philosophical building: to do so would mean to embark in a virtually endless enterprise. Accordingly, some of the parts of a philosophical building will have to be taken from the literature on the subject as 'ready made' or 'semi-finished' elements, while others will be argued for in the course of building. This is what happened in my work too. In some cases (for in stance, in the case of epistemic relativism), my concern was to illustrate theses which I believed to be sufficiently consolidated, rather than to ar gue for them. In other cases - where I was directly engaged in building the theory that I want to fonnulate - I did exactly the opposite. This is what I have tried to achieve, for example, for those proper architraves of my construction, viz. the connection between scepticism and metaphysi cal realism. and the thesis of the nonnative value of the fundamental epistemological notions (truth, objectivity, and rationality).
Download or read book The Work of Art written by Gérard Genette and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 1997 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What art is--its very nature--is the subject of this book by one of the most distinguished continental theorists writing today. Informed by the aesthetics of Nelson Goodman and referring to a wide range of cultures, contexts, and media, The Work of Art seeks to discover, explain, and define how art exists and how it works. To this end, Gérard Genette explores the distinction between a work of art's immanence--its physical presence--and transcendence--the experience it induces. That experience may go far beyond the object itself.Genette situates art within the broad realm of human practices, extending from the fine arts of music, painting, sculpture, and literature to humbler but no less fertile fields such as haute couture and the culinary arts. His discussion touches on a rich array of examples and is bolstered by an extensive knowledge of the technology involved in producing and disseminating a work of art, regardless of whether that dissemination is by performance, reproduction, printing, or recording. Moving beyond examples, Genette proposes schemata for thinking about the different manifestations of a work of art. He also addresses the question of the artwork's duration and mutability.
Download or read book Law and Neuroscience written by Owen D. Jones and published by Aspen Publishing. This book was released on 2020-09-15 with total page 1004 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Coursebook on law and neuroscience, including the bearing of neuroscience on criminal law, criminal procedure, and evidence"--
Download or read book Evil written by Paul Ricoeur and published by Continuum. This book was released on 2007-06-21 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Where does evil come from? How is it that we do evil? This book falls into three parts. The fi rst part deals with the magnitude and complexity of the problem of evil from a phenomenological perspective. The second part investigates the levels of speculation on the origin and nature of evil. The third discusses thinking, acting and feeling in connection with evil. The discussion runs in the classic intellectual tradition from Augustine, through Hegel, Leibnitz, Kant, and Nietzsche. But the voice is always that of Paul Ricoeur himself, though he also refers to modern writers like Harold Kushner (When Bad Things Happen to Good People) and John K. Roth (Encountering Evil). Ricoeur considers here man's vulnerability to evil with depth and matchless sensitivity.
Download or read book Lines of Light written by Daniele Del Giudice and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Senses and the Intellect written by Alexander Bain and published by . This book was released on 1874 with total page 760 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Our Enduring Values Revisited Librarianship in an Ever Changing World written by Michael Gorman and published by American Library Association. This book was released on 2015-03-16 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the almost 15 years since Our Enduring Values was published, there has been a sea change in the way much of the world thinks about and uses libraries. Young librarians and seasoned LIS professionals alike are experiencing increasing pressure to adjust to new economic, societal, and technological demands amidst the often-dire rhetoric currently surrounding the future of our institutions. In this stirring manifesto, public intellectual, librarian, and philosopher Gorman addresses head on the “existential panic” among library professionals caused by the radical shift in how libraries are viewed. He reconnects readers with the core values that continue to inspire generations of library professionals and scholars—while making the case that these values are doubly crucial to hold on to in the brave new shifting world of librarianship. Destined to become another classic of library literature, this book explores such contemporary issues as The growing emphasis of the library as a cultural institution, placing libraries within their cultural context as gathering places for learning, access to information, and communityThe impact of technological innovations on core values such as access and stewardshipLibrary places and spaces of the futureHow the mass digitization of books, archives, and other materials affects the purpose and function of librariesIntellectual freedom and privacy in the era of the PATRIOT Act, Wikileaks, and Edward SnowdenThe role of libraries as both champions and facilitators of social justiceInspirational yet clear-sighted, Gorman emphatically reaffirms the importance of libraries and librarians while proposing a path for future survival and growth.
Download or read book Philosophy After Darwin written by Michael Ruse and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2009 with total page 593 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An anthology of essential writings that cover some of the most influential ideas about the philosophical implications of Darwinism, since the publication of "On the Origin of Species".
Download or read book The Languages of Political Theory in Early Modern Europe written by Anthony Pagden and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1987 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essays on the political 'languages' of natural law, classical republicanism, commerce and political science.
Download or read book Liberal Socialism written by Carlo Rosselli and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2017-03-14 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1930, amidst the collapse of socialist ideals and the onset of fascism throughout parts of Europe, Liberal Socialism is a powerful and timely document on the ethics of political action. During his confinement for his anti-fascist beliefs, the Italian political philosopher Carlo Rosselli (1899-1937) wrote this work not only as a critique of fascism, but also as an investigation into the history of Marxism and the need for a liberal reformulation of socialism. In this first English- language edition, Nadia Urbinati highlights both the historical and theoretical importance of Liberal Socialism, which continued to inspire the anti-fascist movement "Giustizia e Liberta." long after Rosselli's assassination by Mussolini's agents, and which outlines a possible rebirth of the socialist and democratic movements. Rosselli's analysis provides an illuminating interpretation of the ideological crisis of Marxism, in its positivistic version, during the late nineteenth century and exposes the intellectual weakness of revisionist efforts to delineate new versions of Marx's doctrine. He encourages readers to view socialism as an ethical ideal and to consider whether Marxist or liberal methods combine better with socialism to achieve that ideal. Rosselli opts for a liberal socialism that avoids the shortcomings of uncontrolled laissez-faire but favors state intervention to secure public services and social rights. Originally published in 1994. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.
Download or read book Darwin written by Adrian J. Desmond and published by W. W. Norton & Company. This book was released on 1994 with total page 910 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In lively and accessible style, the authors tell how Darwin came to his world-changing conclusions and how he kept his thoughts secret for twenty years. Hailed as the definitive biography, this book explains Darwin's paradox and offers a window on Victorian science, theology, and mores. Contains a wealth of new information and 90 photographs.
Download or read book Evolution of Self Consciousness written by Chauncey Wright and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-07-03 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In The Evolution of Self-Consciousness, Wright endeavored to explain the most elaborate psychical activities of men as developments of elementary forms of conscious processes present in the animal kingdom as a whole. The immediacy of sensible qualities to consciousness entails that there is no way to separate subject and object in consciousness. In this quotation, Wright suggests that the division of subject from object may constitute "rightly dividing the world" as indexed by survival value. A division made in these terms, rather than by an individual's experiences of himself and the world, is a reasonable basis for natural realism.
Download or read book An Introduction to the Sociology of Education written by Karl Mannheim and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 1997 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First Published in 1962. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
Download or read book Tr pos Rivista Di Ermeneutica E Critica Filosofica 2020 written by D. G. Sisto and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Personhood and Health Care written by David C. Thomasma and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 441 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: PERSONHOOD AND HEALTH CARE This book arose as a result of a pre-conference devoted to the topic held June 28, 1999 in Paris, France. The pre-conference preceded the Annual Congress of the International Academy ofLaw and Mental Health. Other chapters were solicited after the conference in order to more completely explore the relation of personhood to health care. The pre conference was held in honor of Yves Pelicier who led so many of our French colleagues in medicine, philosophy, and ethics as Christian Herve notes in his Tribute. As health care is aimed at healing persons, it is important to realize how difficult it is to construct a theory of personhood for health care, and thus, a theory of how healing in health care comes about or ought to occur. The book is divided into four parts, Concepts of the Person, Theories of Personhood in Relation to Health Care and Bioethics, Person and Identity, and Personhood and Hs Relations. Each section explores a critical arena in constructing the relation of personhood to health care. Although no exploration ofthis nature can be exhaustive, every effort was made to present both conflicting and complementary views of personhood from within similar and different philosophical and religious traditions. PART ONE: CONCEPTS OF THE PERSON Tracing the origins of the concept of person from antiquity through present day, Jean Delemeau provides an historical sketch of the development of a wide range of meanings.
