Download or read book Developments of Improved performance Vertical cavity Surface emitting Lasers written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 61 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser Devices written by Herbert Li and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explains in detail the basics, theory, design, fabrication, and operation of vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers. All the chapters are written by pioneers and key experts who have exclusive access to the most up-to-date innovations in the respective fields.
Download or read book Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Lasers written by Carl W. Wilmsen and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2001-11-12 with total page 478 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book, first published in 1999, provides a comprehensive description of the physics, design, fabrication, characterization, and applications of vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers.
Download or read book Current Trends In Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Lasers written by Tien Pei Lee and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1995-07-26 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With significant progress made in recent years, vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSELs) have emerged as potential lightwave sources with a variety of applications, including high speed optical interconnects, parallel data links, optical recording, 2-D scanning, and optical signal processing. This volume, which contains a collection of articles by outstanding experts on this topic, encompasses a broad discussion of the current trends in the development of VCSELs. Discussions include material growths, structure designs, processing methods, performance analysis, improvement strategies, and future prospects. The collection provides a comprehensive overview that may help newcomers to this field as well as engineers and researchers who are engaged in the research and development of this new exciting device family.
Download or read book Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Lasers written by Julian Cheng and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2000-07-06 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since first coming into existence in the early 90s, the vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) has made several quantum leaps in performance. The performance of VCSELs now exceeds that of edge-emitting lasers in many respects, and offers a superior optical beam and much easier monolithic integrability. As the VCSEL technology improves furth
Download or read book Development of Increased Reliability Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser Arrays written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 3 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Lasers (VCSELs) should see increasing use for short distance optical interconnects in the next 5-10 years: data rate requirements will exceed 10 Gbit/second. It was shown in the proposal that at these data rates electrical current requirements on the VCSELs cause excessive failure rates due to current mitigated defect formation and thermal rise in the active region. Here the thermal rise is addressed through reduction of thermal impedance from the active region to the heat sink. For 40 Gbit/second VCSELs, a reduction of thermal impedance from 1500 C/W to 100 C/W will increase mean lifetime from minutes to years. We proposed to achieve this reduction via flip-chip bonding of the VCSEL, using solder bonding directly to the VCSEL's active area, in conjunction with a reduction of the associated mirror stack via incorporation of metal reflectors. We have achieved 500 C/W, albeit with increased failure rate at a given active region temperature due to bond stresses. This quandary of being able to reduce thermal impedance by bonding near the active region to provide a direct heat path, but at the same time increasing failure rate at a given temperature because of the mechanical stresses induced needs to be addressed in future work.
Download or read book Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Lasers written by Terence Edward Sale and published by Wiley-Blackwell. This book was released on 1995 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Starting from basic principles, this book provides coverage of the operation and design of Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Lasers (VCSELs). It includes original experimental work, backed up by calculations and theoretical analysis, and reviews work already done in the field.
Download or read book Vertical External Cavity Surface Emitting Lasers written by Michael Jetter and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-09-16 with total page 584 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vertical External Cavity Surface Emitting Lasers Provides comprehensive coverage of the advancement of vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting lasers Vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VECSELs) emit coherent light from the infrared to the visible spectral range with high power output. Recent years have seen new device developments – such as the mode-locked integrated (MIXSEL) and the membrane external-cavity surface emitting laser (MECSEL) – expand the application of VECSELs to include laser cooling, spectroscopy, telecommunications, biophotonics, and laser-based displays and projectors. In Vertical External Cavity Surface Emitting Lasers: VECSEL Technology and Applications, leading international research groups provide a comprehensive, fully up-to-date account of all fundamental and technological aspects of vertical external cavity surface emitting lasers. This unique book reviews the physics and technology of optically-pumped disk lasers and discusses the latest developments of VECSEL devices in different wavelength ranges. Topics include OP-VECSEL physics, continuous wave (CW) lasers, frequency doubling, carrier dynamics in SESAMs, and characterization of nonlinear lensing in VECSEL gain samples. This authoritative volume: Summarizes new concepts of DBR-free and MECSEL lasers for the first time Covers the mode-locking concept and its application Provides an overview of the emerging concept of self-mode locking Describes the development of next-generation OPS laser products Vertical External Cavity Surface Emitting Lasers: VECSEL Technology and Applications is an invaluable resource for laser specialists, semiconductor physicists, optical industry professionals, spectroscopists, telecommunications engineers and industrial physicists.
Download or read book VCSEL Industry written by Babu Dayal Padullaparthi and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-12-29 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A hands-on reference to the technical, commercial, and industrial aspects of VCSEL technology In VCSEL Industry: Communication and Sensing, a team of distinguished researchers and manufacturing professionals deliver a thorough and practical reference guide to vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) for young entrepreneurs, investors, venture capitalists, and researchers. The authors offer comprehensive descriptions of the technology involved, as well as a robust exploration of the industry and commercial landscape in which VCSELs exist. The book contains numerous illustrations and schematics of the anatomy of VCSEL product developments and an insightful discussion of the proliferation of VCSELs in photonics and optics. There is also a dedicated section on photoreceivers used for VCSEL-based data communications and sensing. VCSEL Industry: Communication and Sensing provides readers with an accessible, commercial perspective of an important technology while offering just enough technical detail to make sense of the subject. The book also includes: A thorough introduction to VCSELs, including discussions of semiconductor lasers, materials, wavelengths, and why VCSELs are attractive for photonics applications Comprehensive explorations of the VCSEL industry, including market demands, an industry landscape, descriptions of commercial products based on VCSELs, and business models Practical discussions of VCSELs for data communication, including high-speed VCSELs, gain and parasitic effects on bandwidth and speed, and form factors and standards In-depth examinations of VCSEL arrays for sensing, including high-power VCSELs in consumer electronics Perfect for early-career researchers, engineers, entrepreneurs, investors, and managers, VCSEL Industry: Communication and Sensing will also prove to be an invaluable addition to the libraries of executives from across the semiconductor industry.
Download or read book Current Trends in Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Lasers written by Tien-Pei Lee and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1995 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With significant progress made in recent years, vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSELs) have emerged as potential lightwave sources with a variety of applications, including high speed optical interconnects, parallel data links, optical recording, 2-D scanning, and optical signal processing. This volume, which contains a collection of articles by outstanding experts on this topic, encompasses a broad discussion of the current trends in the development of VCSELs. Discussions include material growths, structure designs, processing methods, performance analysis, improvement strategies, and future prospects. The collection provides a comprehensive overview that may help newcomers to this field as well as engineers and researchers who are engaged in the research and development of this new exciting device family.
Download or read book Advances in Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Lasers written by Connie J. Chang-Hasnain and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Smolensk written by and published by . This book was released on 1942 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Development of Visible Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Lasers written by Timothy M. Calvert and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 197 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As coaxial cable networks rapidly approach their data carrying limit an alternative method of data solution to this problem is needed to cope with the demand for high data rates. A low cost solution to this problem is to transmit data in parallel via cheap multimode plastic fibre ribbons and to use monolithic arrays of red VCSELs as the optical transmitters. VCSELs' intrinsic high speed, planar geometry and circular beam profile make them ideally suited for such systems. Other commercial applications include bar code readers, laser printing, visible displays (such as head up displays) and the automotive and aerospace industry. Visible VCSELs suffer from excess heating due to several factors. In particular the top p-doped A1GaAs distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) mirror presents a high series resistance due to the large valance band offset leading to strong Ohmic heating and poor thermal impedance. This situation is amplified by the stipulation that the VCSEL is bonded down with the p-doped mirror uppermost, which further increases the thermal impedance of the packaged laser.To overcome these problems this work considers methods of extracting the heat generated internally by examining different fabrication schemes. By means of a thermal model developed, the optimum fabrication parameters with regard to mesa diameter and substrate thickness that provide the most efficient heat extraction from the devices are determined. The use of substrate etch back and wafer-bonding techniques will allow the VCSEL to be processed on alternative substrates such as Si which will improve the device heat sinking due to silicon's good thermal conductivity. In addition, the ability to fabricate VCSELs on Si increases the feasibility of integration with Si CMOS electronics.This work has produced devices emitting at 668 nm (20°C) with record heat sink temperature operation up to 80°C and over 1 mW single mode output power at 20°C. Devices emitting at 665 nm and 675 nm have been fabricated, producing multimode output powers at 20°C of 2 mW and 2.8 mW respectively. Bondable VCSELs have been successfully transferred to non GaAs substrates with no deterioration of performance. A six-element array operating at 675 nm capable of being butt coupled to 125 ~m diameter fibre has produced over 12 mW output power at 20°C with no evidence of thermal cross talk between elements in the array.
Download or read book Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Lasers for Optical Signal Processing and Optical Computing written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This final technical report outlines the development of Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers (VCSELs) for use in high-speed parallel data links. During this contract, Optical Concepts has produced VCSELs with greatly improved performance, and has developed packaging technologies for VCSELs. VCSELs have been developed that operate at greater than 5 GHz with sub-milliamp threshold currents. With low turn on delays, these devices have demonstrated GHz data rates with no pre-bias. VCSEL arrays have been incorporated into high-speed, parallel, fiber coupled packages. Optical Concepts has demonstrated packages using both top and bottom emitting VCSELs, and has developed an integrated microlens technology to ease packaging tolerances.
Download or read book The Development and Analysis of Vertical cavity Surface emitting Lasers Employing Oxide semiconductor Reflectors written by Michael Herbert MacDougal and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Selectively Oxidized Vertical cavity Laser Performance and Technology written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The authors discuss revolutionary performance advances in selectively oxidized vertical-cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSELs), which have enabled low operating power laser diodes appropriate for aerospace applications. Incorporating buried oxide layers converted from AIGaAs layers within the laser cavity produces enhanced optical and electrical confinement enabling superior laser performance, such as high efficiency and modulation bandwidth. VCSELs also shown to be viable over varied environmental conditions such as ambient temperature and ionized radiation. The development of novel VCSEL technologies for advanced system applications is also described. Two dimensional individually addressable VCSEL arrays exhibit uniform threshold and operating characteristics. Bottom emitting 850 nm VCSEL arrays fabricated using wafer fusion are also reported.
Download or read book Development of Wafer Bonded Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Lasers written by Yanyan Xiong and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
