Download or read book Developments in Polymer Degradation 7 written by N. Grassie and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this volume, like that of its predecessors in the series, is to present a selection of topics which are representative of the continually expanding area of polymer degradation. It will be obvious that some of these topics emanate from academic studies, others from more applied backgrounds, but it is anticipated that all will be seen to be of vital relevance to one or other of the currently advancing fields of polymer technology. The first two chapters deal with specific classes of polymers, and particularly with their mechanisms and products of thermal degrada tion. Thus in Chapter 1 Dr McNeill discusses the reactions of the ammonium, alkali and alkaline earth metal salts of poly(methacrylic acid) and their copolymers with methyl methacrylate. These water soluble 'ionomers' have valuable technological applications. In Chap ter 2 Professor Montaudo and Dr Puglisi perform a valuable service by drawing together and critically reviewing, for the first time to my knowledge, the mechanisms of thermal degradation of the various classes of condensation polymers which are of industrial significance. This includes, for example, the polyurethanes, polyureas, polyesters, polycarbonates, polyamides, polyimides, polyethers, polysulphides, polysulphones, polyschiff bases, polysiloxanes and polyphosphazenes.
Download or read book Developments in Polymer Degradation written by N. Grassie and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Developments in Polymer Degradation 7 written by N. Grassie and published by . This book was released on 1987-04-22 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Polymer Degradation and Stabilisation written by Norman Grassie and published by CUP Archive. This book was released on 1988-04-14 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study of polymer degradation and stabilisation is of considerable practical importance as the industrial uses of polymeric materials continue to expand. In this book, the authors lucidly relate technological phenomena to the chemistry and physics of degradation and stabilisation processes. Degradation embraces a variety of technologically important phenomena ranging from relatively low temperature processes such as 'weathering' of plastics, 'fatigue' of rubbers through the processing of polymers in shearing mixers to very high temperature processes such as flammability and ablation. All these technological phenomena have in common certain basic chemical reactions. Thus 'weathering' has its roots in photo-oxidation, 'fatigue' and melt-degradation in mechano-oxidation and flammability, and ablation in ablation in pyrolysis and vapour phase oxidation.
Download or read book Advances in Biodegradable Polymers written by G. F. Moore and published by iSmithers Rapra Publishing. This book was released on 1998-02 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this report the factors which influence biodegradation are first explained. Methods of testing and evaluating biodegradation are then described and compared. The principles, relative costs and practical applications of specific tests are outlined together with the position with respect to recognised standards. The range of biodegradable polymers and polymer blends is then described, including natural and synthetic products. An additional indexed section containing several hundred abstracts from the Rapra Polymer Library database provides useful references for further reading.
Download or read book Developments in Polymer Degradation 6 written by N. Grassie and published by Springer. This book was released on 2011-10-19 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fundamentals of Polymer Degradation and Stabilization written by N.S. Allen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1992-10-31 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the past decade, the field of polymer degradation and stabilization has become a subject of central importance in polymer science and technology. This book provides a fundamental source of information designed for those with only a basic understanding of the background of the field.
Download or read book Polymer Degradation and Stabilization written by W. L. Hawkins and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 129 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The development of polymers as an important class of material was inhibited at the first by the premature failure of these versatile compounds in many applications. The deterioration of important properties of both natural and synthetic polymers is the result of irreversible changes in composition and structure of polymers molecules. As a result of these reactions, mechanical, electrical and/or aesthetic properties are degraded beyond acceptable limits. It is now generally recognized that stabilization against degradation is necessary if the useful life of polymers is to be extended sufficiently to meet design requirements for long-term applications. Polymers degrade by a wide variety of mechanisms, several of which affect all polymers through to varying degree. This monograph will concentrate on those degradation mechanisms which result from reactions of polymers with oxygen in its various forms and which are accelerated by heat and/or radiation. Those stabilization mechanisms are discussed which are based on an understanding of degradation reaction mechanisms that are reasonably well established. The stabilization of polymers is still undergoing a transition from an art to a science as mechanisms of degradation become more fully developed. A scientific approach to stabilization can only be approached when there is an understanding of the reactions that lead to degradation. Stabilization against biodegradation and burning will not be discussed since there is not a clear understanding of how polymers degrade under these conditions.
Download or read book Polymer Degradation and Stability Research Developments written by Leo B. Albertov and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Polymer degradation is a change in the properties - tensile strength, colour, shape, etc - of a polymer or polymer based product under the influence of one or more environmental factors such as heat, light or chemicals. This book presents research in this field.
Download or read book Thermal Degradation of Polymeric Materials written by Krzysztof Pielichowski and published by iSmithers Rapra Publishing. This book was released on 2005 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding the thermal degradation of polymers is of paramount importance for developing a rational technology of polymer processing and higher-temperature applications. Controlling degradation requires understanding of many different phenomena, including chemical mechanisms, the influence of polymer morphology, the complexities of oxidation chemistry, and the effects of stabilisers, fillers and other additives. This book offers a wealth of information for polymer researchers and processors requiring an understanding of the implications of thermal degradation on material and product performance.
Download or read book Progress in Polymer Degradation and Stability Research written by Herbert W. Moeller and published by Nova Publishers. This book was released on 2007-06-11 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Polymer degradation is a change in the properties -- tensile strength, colour, shape, etc -- of a polymer or polymer based product under the influence of one or more environmental factors such as heat, light or chemicals. These changes may be undesirable, such as changes during use, or desirable, as in biodegradation or deliberately lowering the molecular weight of a polymer. Such changes occur primarily because of the effect of these factors on the chemical composition of the polymer. In a finished product such a change is to be prevented or delayed. However, the degradation process can be useful from the view points of understanding the structure of a polymer or recycling/reusing the polymer waste to prevent or reduce environmental pollution. Polymers molecules are very large on the molecular scale which derive their unique and useful properties from their size.
Download or read book Developments in Polymer Stabilisation written by Gerald Scott and published by Elsevier Science & Technology. This book was released on 1979 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Wood and Cellulosic Chemistry Second Edition Revised and Expanded written by David N.-S. Hon and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2000-11-08 with total page 932 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text details the principal concepts and developments in wood science, chemistry and technology. It includes new chapters on the chemical synthesis of cellulose and its technology, preservation of wood resources and the conservation of waterlogged wood.
Download or read book Reactive Modifiers for Polymers written by S. Al-Malaika and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chemical modification of polymers by reactive modifiers is no longer an academic curiosity but a commercial reality that has delivered a diverse range of speciality materials for niche markets: reactively grafted styrenic alloys, maleated polyolefins, super-tough nylons, silane modified and moisture-cured polyolefins, and thermoplastic elastomers, are but few exam ples of commercial successes. Although the approach of reactive modification of polymers has been largely achieved either in solution or in the solid state (through in situ reactions in polymer melts), it is the latter route that has attracted most attention in the last two decades owing to its flexibility and cost-effective ness. This route, referred to as reactive processing, focuses on the use of suitable reactive modifier(s) and the adoption of conventional polymer processing machinery, an extruder or a mixer, as a chemical reactor, to perform in situ targeted reactions for chemical modification of preformed polymers. This relatively simple, though scientifically highly challenging, approach to reactive modification offers unique opportunities in exploiting various reactive modifiers for the purpose of altering and transforming in a controlled manner the properties of preformed commercial polymers into new/speciality materials with tailor-made properties and custom-designed performance for target applications. Such an economically attractive route constitutes a radical diversion away from the traditional practices of manufacturing new polymers from monomers which involves massive in vestments in sophisticated technologies and chemical plants.
Download or read book Chemorheology of Polymers written by Peter J. Halley and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2009-05-28 with total page 445 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding the dynamics of reactive polymer processes allows scientists to create new, high-value, high-performance polymers. This book is an indispensable resource for researchers and practitioners working in this area. It includes coverage of thermoplastics, thermoset and reactive polymers, together with practical industrial processes and modern chemorheological models and tools.
Download or read book Photostabilization of Polymers written by J.F. Rabek and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 607 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the last two decades, the production of polymers and plastics has been increasing rapidly. In spite of developing new polymers and polymeric materials, only 40-60 are used commercially on a large scale. It has been estimated that half of the annual production of polymers is employed outdoors. Increasing the stability of polymers and plastics towards heat, light, atmospheric oxygen and other environmental agents and weathering conditions has always been a very important problem. The photochemical instability of most of polymers limits them to outdoor application, where they are photo degraded fast over periods ranging from months to a few years. To the despair of technologists and consumers alike, photodegrada tion and environmental ageing of polymers occur much faster than can be expected from knowledge collected in laboratories. In many cases, improved methods of preparation and purification of both monomers and polymers yield products of better quality and higher resistance to heat and light. However, without stabilization of polymers by applica tion of antioxidants (to decrease thermal oxidative degradation) and photostabilizers (to decrease photo-oxidative degradation) it would be impossible to employ polymers and plastics in everyday use.
Download or read book Atmospheric Oxidation and Antioxidants written by Bozzano G Luisa and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 556 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume examines the oxidation chemistry of carbon-based materials in more detail with emphasis on the technological phenomena that result from the attack of oxygen and the practical procedures developed to prevent them.
