Download or read book Developments in Ionic Polymers 2 written by A.D. Wilson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ionic polymers, like elephants, are easier to recognise than to define. Several methods of classification have been attempted but none is wholly satisfactory because of the extreme diversity of ionic polymers, which range from the organic, water-soluble polyelectrolytes, through hydrogels and ionomer carboxylate rubbers, to the almost infusible inorganic silicate minerals. For this reason, a general classification is not only difficult, but has minimal utility. However, there are some characteristics of these materials that should be highlighted. The role of counterions is the significant one. These ions, either singly or as clusters, take part in the formation of ionic bonds which have a varying structural role. Often they act as crosslinks, but in the halato-polymers the ionic bonds form an integral part of the polymer backbone itself. Conversely, in polymers contain ing covalent crosslinks, such as the ion-exchange resins, the coun terions have virtually no structural role to play, since they dwell in cage-like structures without affecting the crosslinking, and are readily exchanged. They are, perhaps, best described as ion-containing polymers rather than structural ionic polymers. Another crucial factor is the role of water in ionic polymers. The presence of ionic bonds means that there is a tendency for these materials to interact with water. Where the ionic polymer contains a high proportion of ionic units, it acts as a hydrogel and may be highly soluble. Such interactions with water decrease sharply as the ionic content is reduced, though even then water can act as a plasticiser.
Download or read book Ionic Polymerization and Living Polymers written by M. Szwarc and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: More than simply an up-to-date review of ionic polymerization, this book presents an in-depth and critical comparison of the anionic and cationic polymerization of vinyl monomers and heterocyclic compounds. These different modes of ionic polymerization are examined with regard to their capacity for producing living polymers. The concept of living polymers is re-examined and redefined in light of current knowledge of ionic polymerization and possible side reactions. Throughout, the authors offer perceptive insights into the basic concepts of polymerization chemistry and polymerization reaction mechanisms. The book begins with a review of ionic and radical polymerizations, the development of ionic polymerization, living and dormant polymers, and polymerizability. It goes on to consider important aspects of the structure and properties of ionic species; initiation and propagation of ionic polymerization; polymerization steps other than initiation or propagation, such as termination, isomerization, transfer, backbiting, and degraduation; and ionic copolymerization. Ionic Polymerization and Living Polymers is a much needed advanced text that will be widely read and referred to by polymer scientists, macromolecular chemists, and materials scientists.
Download or read book Developments in Ionic Polymers written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Recent Advances in Ionic Liquids written by Mohammed Rahman and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2018-09-26 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent Advances in Ionic Liquids contains research on the preparation, characterization, and potential applications of stable ionic liquids (ILs). ILs are a class of low- and stable-melting point, ionic compounds that have a variety of properties allowing many of them to be sustainable green solvents. It is promising novel research from top to bottom and has received a lot of interest over the last few decades. It covers the advanced topics of physical, catalytic, chemical, polymeric, and potential applications of ILs. This book features interesting reports on cutting-edge science and technology related to the preparation, characterization, polymerization, and potential applications of ILs. This potentially unique work offers various approaches on the R
Download or read book High Energy Density Materials written by Thomas M. Klapötke and published by Springer. This book was released on 2007-06-12 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Polymerized Ionic Liquids written by Ali Eftekhari and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2017-09-18 with total page 564 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The series covers the fundamentals and applications of different smart material systems from renowned international experts.
Download or read book Ionic Polymer Metal Composites written by Srijan Bhattacharya and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-05-02 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on electro active polymer material known as Ionic Polymer Metal Composite (IPMC) having unique applicability as sensor and actuator which finds extensive use in various domain of engineering and science research. Apart from fundamentals of the IPMC concept, various applications are covered extensively across the chapters including space, underwater and nanoscale, including manufacturing processes. Dedicated chapters are included for robotics and biomedical applications and possible research gaps. Future research perspectives for IPMC are also discussed. Features: Covers principle of Ionic Polymer Metal Composite (IPMC), manufacturing processes, applications, and future possibilities in a systematic manner Highlights IPMC practical applicability in biomedical engineering domain Explores Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT) based IPMC soft actuators Discusses IPMC applications in underwater areas Includes IPMC application in robotics focusing on special compliant mechanism This book is aimed toward researchers, graduate students and professionals in materials and mechanical engineering, robotics, mechatronics, biomedical engineering, and physics.
Download or read book Advanced Applications of Ionic Liquids written by Jamal Akhter Siddique and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2022-11-02 with total page 569 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advanced Applications of Ionic Liquids discusses the intersection of nanotechnology with ionic liquids (ILs) and materials, along with opportunities for advanced engineering applications in various research fields. Novel materials at nano scales with ILs creates an upsurge in the thermal and electrochemical constancy of the nano scale particles, making them ideal for industrial applications. The implementation of ILs at nano scale includes an interaction of constituents, which is beneficial for electron transfer reactions. These new composites can be implemented as sensors, electronics, catalysts and photonics. Including ILs in polymer composites enhance electrochemical consistency, govern particle size, upsurge conductivity, reduce toxicity, and more. This book is a comprehensive reference for researchers working with IL based technologies for environmental and energy applications. - Covers all industrial aspects and advanced applications of ionic liquids (ILs) - Discusses the advanced applications of ILs across multiple fields, including industrial chemistry and chemical engineering - Includes a discussion of the use of ionic liquids in functional polymers, with applications for catalysis, energy conservation, sensors, and more
Download or read book Applications of Electroactive Polymers written by Bruno Scrosati and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1993-05-31 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Electroactive polymers have been the object of increasing academic and industrial interest and in the past ten to fifteen years substantial progress has been achieved in the development and the characterization of this important new class of conducting materials. These materials are usually classified in two large groups, according to the mode of their electric transport. One group includes polymers having transport almost exclusively of the ionic type and they are often called 'polymer electrolytes' or, in a broader way, 'polymer ionics'. The other group includes polymeric materials where the transport mechanism is mainly electronic in nature and which are commonly termed 'conducting polymers'. Ionically conducting polymers or polymer ionics may be typically described as polar macromolecular solids in which one or more of a wide range of salts has been dissolved. The most classic example is the combina tion of poly(ethylene oxide), PEO, and lithium salts, LiX. These PEO-LiX polymer ionics were first described and proposed for applications just over ten years ago. The practical relevance of these new materials was im mediately recognized and in the course of a few years the field expanded tremendously with the involvement of many academic and industrial lab oratories. Following this diversified research activity, the ionic transport mechanism in polymer ionics was soon established and this has led to the development of new host polymers of various types, new salts and advanced polymer architectures which have enabled room temperature conductivity to be raised by several orders of magnitude.
Download or read book Applications of Ionic Liquids in Polymer Science and Technology written by David Mecerreyes and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-04-08 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book summarizes the latest knowledge in the science and technology of ionic liquids and polymers in different areas. Ionic liquids (IL) are actively being investigated in polymer science and technology for a number of different applications. In the first part of the book the authors present the particular properties of ionic liquids as speciality solvents. The state-of-the art in the use of ionic liquids in polymer synthesis and modification reactions including polymer recycling is outlined. The second part focuses on the use of ionic liquids as speciality additives such as plasticizers or antistatic agents. The third part examines the use of ionic liquids in the design of functional polymers (usually called polymeric ionic liquids (PIL) or poly(ionic liquids)). Many important applications in diverse scientific and industrial areas rely on these polymers, like polymer electrolytes in electrochemical devices, building blocks in materials science, nanocomposites, gas membranes, innovative anion sensitive materials, smart surfaces, and a countless set range of emerging applications in different fields such as energy, optoelectronics, analytical chemistry, biotechnology, nanomedicine or catalysis.
Download or read book Microwave assisted Polymer Synthesis written by Richard Hoogenboom and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-09-02 with total page 357 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The series Advances in Polymer Science presents critical reviews of the present and future trends in polymer and biopolymer science. It covers all areas of research in polymer and biopolymer science including chemistry, physical chemistry, physics, material science.The thematic volumes are addressed to scientists, whether at universities or in industry, who wish to keep abreast of the important advances in the covered topics.Advances in Polymer Science enjoys a longstanding tradition and good reputation in its community. Each volume is dedicated to a current topic, and each review critically surveys one aspect of that topic, to place it within the context of the volume. The volumes typically summarize the significant developments of the last 5 to 10 years and discuss them critically, presenting selected examples, explaining and illustrating the important principles, and bringing together many important references of primary literature. On that basis, future research directions in the area can be discussed. Advances in Polymer Science volumes thus are important references for every polymer scientist, as well as for other scientists interested in polymer science - as an introduction to a neighboring field, or as a compilation of detailed information for the specialist.Review articles for the individual volumes are invited by the volume editors. Single contributions can be specially commissioned.Readership: Polymer scientists, or scientists in related fields interested in polymer and biopolymer science, at universities or in industry, graduate students
Download or read book Ionic Liquids written by Scott Handy and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2017-02-22 with total page 608 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ionic liquids, including the newer subcategory of deep eutectic solvents, continue to attract a great deal of research attention in an even increasing number of areas, including traditional areas such as synthesis (organic and materials), electrochemistry, and physical property studies and predictions, as well as less obvious areas such as lubrication and enzymatic transformations. In this volume, recent advances in a number of these different areas are reported and reviewed, thus granting some appreciation for the future that ionic liquid research holds and affording inspiration for those who have not previously considered the application of ionic liquids in their area of interest.
Download or read book Soft Actuators written by Kinji Asaka and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-08-28 with total page 722 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the second edition of Soft Actuators, originally published in 2014, with 12 chapters added to the first edition. The subject of this new edition is current comprehensive research and development of soft actuators, covering interdisciplinary study of materials science, mechanics, electronics, robotics, and bioscience. The book includes contemporary research of actuators based on biomaterials for their potential in future artificial muscle technology. Readers will find detailed and useful information about materials, methods of synthesis, fabrication, and measurements to study soft actuators. Additionally, the topics of materials, modeling, and applications not only promote the further research and development of soft actuators, but bring benefits for utilization and industrialization. This volume makes generous use of color figures, diagrams, and photographs that provide easy-to-understand descriptions of the mechanisms, apparatus, and motions of soft actuators. Also, in this second edition the chapters on modeling, materials design, and device design have been given a wider scope and made easier to comprehend, which will be helpful in practical applications of soft actuators. Readers of this work can acquire the newest technology and information about basic science and practical applications of flexible, lightweight, and noiseless soft actuators, which differ from conventional mechanical engines and electric motors. This new edition of Soft Actuators will inspire readers with fresh ideas and encourage their research and development, thus opening up a new field of applications for the utilization and industrialization of soft actuators.
Download or read book New Trends in Ionic Co polymers and Hybrids written by Ecaterina Stela Dragan and published by Nova Publishers. This book was released on 2007 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ionic polymers are present almost everywhere in the world, biological systems being the most important reservoir of ionic polymers such as nucleic acids, and many proteins, alginic acid and so on. Artificial ionic polymers derived from natural polymers such as chitin, cellulose or starch, by adequate chemical transformations, and a multitude of synthetic ionic polymers are generated in the laboratory. They can contain ionic or ionisable groups. Ionic polymers, either artificial or synthetic, have a multitude of applications such as: stabilisation or destabilisation of dispersions, thickening of solutions, oil recovery aids, water purification, corrosion inhibitors, soil conditioners, anti-static agents, additives in cosmetics and foods, surface modification, and so forth. Solid ionic hybrid materials found applications such as polymer electrolytes or substrates for the organic synthesis in solid phase. Many books and article reviews were dedicated to this wide class of polymers but the permanent diversification of their structures and applications ask for new and updated overviews on this field. Therefore, this book reports updated information from literature as well as original contributions in the field of ionic (co)polymers and hybrids, mainly on the applications of ionic polymers and hybrids such as: self-assembled multi-layers, ionic polymers containing azobenzene chromophore, phase separation processes, chelating ion exchangers, polymer electrolytes, functionalised solid surfaces and ionic hybrid hydrogels.
Download or read book Application of Ionic Liquids in Drug Delivery written by Masahiro Goto and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-08-27 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents recent advances in the use of ionic liquids in medicine and pharmaceutics with particular emphasis on addressing critical pharmaceutical challenges, including the low solubility, polymorphism, and bioavailability of drugs. It also provides insights into the development of the biologically functionalized ionic liquids suitable for medical and pharmaceutical applications. Ionic liquids have been used as potential solvents or materials in the fields of pharmaceutical drug delivery and formulations because of their unique and tunable physicochemical and biological properties. Readers find explanations of the diverse approaches to the application of ionic liquids in drug solubility, active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) formulation, and drug delivery systems, such as topical, transdermal, and oral delivery, with particular emphasis on recent developments. Particular attention is given to the development of ionic liquid-assisted effective drug delivery techniques for sparingly soluble or insoluble drug molecules. This book also discusses the biological activities of ionic liquids for possible applications in drug formulation and drug delivery systems. Scientists in disciplines such as chemistry, biology, and pharmaceutics find this book instructive and informative for developing ionic liquid-based drug formulations or drug delivery systems.
Download or read book Supported Ionic Liquids written by Rasmus Fehrmann and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-03-24 with total page 498 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This unique book gives a timely overview about the fundamentals and applications of supported ionic liquids in modern organic synthesis. It introduces the concept and synthesis of SILP materials and presents important applications in the field of catalysis (e.g. hydroformylation, hydrogenation, coupling reactions, fine chemical synthesis) as well as energy technology and gas separation. Written by pioneers in the field, this book is an invaluable reference book for organic chemists in academia or industry.
Download or read book Advances in Sustainable Polymers written by Vimal Katiyar and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-03-03 with total page 421 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses synthesis and characterization of sustainable polymers. The book covers opportunities and challenges of using sustainable polymers to replace existing petroleum based feedstock. This volume provides insights into the chemistry of polymerization, and discusses tailoring the properties of the polymers at the source in order fit requirements of specific applications. The book also covers processing of these polymers and their critical assessment. The book will be of use to chemists and engineers in the industry and academia working on sustainable polymers and their commercialization to replace dependence on petroleum-based polymers.
