Download or read book Development of Quantitative Multi spectral Fluorescence Endoscopic Imaging for Early Cancer Detection written by Chenying Yang and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 163 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma has been rising in the western world with a low 5 year survival rate of less than 15%, but it can be treated when diagnosed early. However, conventional white light endoscopy screening has significant limitations because early cancerous lesions usually lie flat on the tissue surface and do not differ in contrast relative to the surrounding area. In an effort to detect early stages of cancer, fluorescence molecular imaging was developed since it improves diagnostic sensitivity and specificity through targeted visualization of multiple biomarkers at the cellular and sub-cellular level. This dissertation presents technologies and algorithms developed for real-time wide-field and quantitative multispectral fluorescence endoscopy for image-guided biopsies and resections. The body of work includes a realistic Barrett's esophagus phantom model development with calibrated fluorescence targets, enhanced visualization and documentation of diagnostic endoscopic records through image mosaicking, real-time compensation for fluorophore emission cross-talk and mitigation of background tissue autofluorescence for high contrast and quantitative molecular endoscopy. Although the scanning fiber endoscope technology forms the basis of the multispectral imaging that was implemented, the concepts, algorithms, and techniques can be applied to a wide range of in vivo and in vitro imaging technologies. In the long term, this work provides the foundation and framework of computer-aided quantitative endoscopy for personalized diagnosis and treatment.

Download or read book Novel Optical Endoscopes for Early Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy written by Dale Jonathan Waterhouse and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-07-09 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis describes the design, development, characterisation and clinical translation of three novel devices for optical endoscopic imaging. Over the past decade, rapid innovation in optics and photonics has led to the availability of low-cost and high-performance optical technologies that can be exploited for biomedical applications, but relatively few have been translated into clinic. The work presented outlines for the first time, a comprehensive analysis of the common barriers and unique challenges associated with the translation of optical imaging techniques. To assist developers streamline translation of optical imaging devices in future, a roadmap to clinical translation is outlined, and key translational characteristics are defined. Guided by these, subsequent development of endoscopic devices resulted in preparation and approval of endoscopes for first in human trials in the oesophagus, for early detection of cancer, and in the brain, for delineation of tumour during surgical resection. The thesis culminates in the presentation of results from the first in human use of a compact multispectral endoscope for imaging endogenous tissue contrast in the oesophagus. With continuation of the work as outlined at the end of this thesis, the novel techniques described have the potential to improve the standard of care in their respective indications.

Download or read book Multimodal Multispectral Optical Endoscopic Imaging for Biomedical Applications written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Quantification of Multimodal Fluorescence Imaging for Cancer Detection Guiding Biopsy and Guiding Surgery written by Yang Jiang and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 127 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fluorescence imaging is emerging for guiding biopsy, early cancer detection and guiding surgery, with the development of new molecularly selective fluorescence agents and fluorescence imaging systems. Accurate quantification of fluorescence imaging is needed to provide diagnostic information, such as tumor stage, tumor location etc. Several fluorescence quantification methods have been addressed in this dissertation, to correlate fluorescence with histology, which is the gold-standard for cancer detection. First, an automatic ratiometric algorithm, target to background (T/B) ratio is developed for esophageal cancer classification and guiding biopsy using single fluorescence labeled peptide. This method may be generally used for other cancer detection in GI tract. Second, a registration pipeline is established to correlate near infrared fluorescence images to histological images, which may contribute to evaluating the sensitivity and specificity of new fluorescence labeled contrast agents in cancer detection. Then T/B ratio is applied to quantify multimodal fluorescence imaging with multiple fluorescence labeled peptides for guiding biopsy and early neoplasia detection in esophagus. Lastly, advanced deep learning algorithms are applied to achieve real-time, automatic frame selection and T/B ratio calculation, which allows computer-aided quantitative fluorescence endoscopy for cancer surveillance. The methodology developed in this work has been used for quantifying multimodal fluorescence imaging, which can assist clinicians in making decisions.

Download or read book Optical Spectroscopy And Imaging For Cancer Diagnostics Fundamentals Progress And Challenges written by Noureddine Melikechi and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2023-01-06 with total page 559 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is an interdisciplinary book that presents the applications of novel laser spectroscopy and imaging techniques for the detection of cancers recently developed by some of the world's most renown researchers. The book consists of three parts and a total of 16 chapters. Each chapter is written by leading experts who are actively seeking to develop novel spectroscopic and analytical methods for cancer detection and diagnosis.In Part I, the authors present fundamentals on optics, atoms and molecules, biophysics, cancer and machine learning. These chapters are intended for those who are not experts in the field but wish to learn about fundamentals' aspects of some of the key topics that are addressed in this book. Particular attention has been given to providing key references for those who wish to go further into the fundamental aspects of atoms and molecules, light-matter interaction, optical instrumentation, machine learning and cancer.In Part II, the authors present key applications of various laser spectroscopic methods in cancer diagnosis. They have provided recent progress in cancer diagnostics obtained by combining laser spectroscopy and machine learning for the analysis of the spectra acquired from biomedical tissues and biofluids.In Part III, the authors present chapters that discuss key developments in the applications of various laser imaging techniques for cancer detection.This is one of the few books that addresses cancer detection and diagnosis using laser spectroscopic and imaging tools with an eye on providing the reader the scientific tools, including machine learning ones.

Download or read book Fluorescence Guided Surgery written by Takeaki Ishizawa and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-12-05 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is a practical guide of theranostics using intraoperative fluorescence imaging technology, as an all-out effort by the Japanese Society for Fluorescence Guided Surgery. It describes the various approaches the technique is being used such as vascular imaging, identification of lymphatic vessels by intratissue injection, lymph node imaging, and imaging for identification of anatomical structures. The book is organized into three major parts and the first one delivers the basics, introducing the use of the technology in clinical settings and initial setups. Next comes the description of clinical applications where chapters illustrate perfusion assessment, cancer localization, anatomy visualization, and lymph nodes/ducts mapping. Each chapter is devoted to the specific surgical field and disease areas, presenting images and videos of case studies. The last part presents some upcoming techniques for treatments. The Editor and the authors wish the ideas presented here will be hints to bridge the knowledge between surgeons and basic researchers for further innovation and practicality. It is important to stay up-to-date since intraoperative fluorescence imaging has been applied to clinical settings in various surgical fields and at the same time, novel techniques improving the efficacy of the technology have also been developed actively. Fluorescence-Guided Surgery – From Lab to Operation Room is recommended for surgeons, operating nurses, medical experts, basic researchers and, industry engineers worldwide beyond boundaries of specialties. Edited and written by experts of The Japanese Society for Fluorescence-Guided Surgery, those who are the founders of the technology, it describes the accurate development history and cutting-edge techniques based on the knowledge accumulated over the years. ​

Download or read book Optical Detection of Cancer written by Arlen D. Meyers and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2011-04-30 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Significant progress in engineering has allowed the production of devices that can optically detect, differentiate and treat surface or near-surface cancers. The ability to differentiate cancerous from non-cancerous tissue in vitro using light represents a potentially significant advance in patient care, eliminating needless repeat procedures. With the help of advanced optical technologies, clinicians are able to identify cancers earlier, determine surgical margins at the time of surgery, and monitor treatment results without using expensive and insensitive imaging. This volume describes the state-of-the-art optical detection technologies in varying stages of cancer development. Written by an international panel of basic researchers, engineers and clinicians, the book is designed to give an up-to-date overview of the most recent advances for researchers and medical professionals who are interested in the biophotonic detection of cancer.

Download or read book Fluorescence Imaging for Surgeons written by Fernando D. Dip and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-07-21 with total page 357 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text presents the experiences of leading researchers and surgeons with different fluorescence methods. Chapters range from basic science of fluorescence to current clinical applications and new horizons. The first few chapters describe the historical evolution and physical principles of fluorescence and provide the foundation for the reader to understand the current scope and limits of its use in surgery. The second section focuses on the clinical applications of intraoperative fluorescence imaging including subsections on fluorescence cholangiography, applications to hepatectomy, lymph node navigation, applications to GI tract and pelvic surgery and identification of cancer tissues. The third section focuses on new frontiers including fluorescence probes, imaging systems and applications to photodynamic therapy. Authored by leaders in the development of fluorescent methods worldwide, Fluorescence Imaging for Surgeons: Concepts and Applications will have an impact on numerous medical specialists including general surgeons, colorectal and minimally-invasive surgeons and surgical oncologists. Researchers will find the book to be an invaluable resource on the latest advances in the utilization of nanoparticles and fluorescent probes.​

Download or read book Mechanisms of Fluorescence Endoscopy of the Human Colon written by Ralph Sebastian Lourdes DaCosta and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Early identification of dysplasia in Barrett's esophagus (BE) and the colon remains a critical issue for clinical diagnostic endoscopy, since early discovery directly improves patient survival. Clinical studies have successfully used tissue autofluorescence (AF) with conventional white light endoscopy (WLE) and biopsy for detecting preneoplastic colonic adenomatous polyps, differentiating benign from preneoplastic polyps and identifying BE mucosa in the esophagus. Despite this, 'in vivo' autofluorescence endoscopic detection of early dysplasia continues to be problematic due to suboptimal fluorescence contrast. The goal of this PhD thesis was to extend previous AF mechanistic studies and explore means of improving 'in vivo' fluorescence endoscopic contrast. First, the AF of isolated living colonic crypts and primary cell cultures of normal colon, hyperplastic and adenomatous polyps was studied at the cellular level 'in vitro.' For BE, fluorescence microscopy was performed on archived 'ex vivo' frozen human tissues of normal esophagus, BE without and with dysplasia, and stomach to characterize the biological origins and possible differences in mucosal AF. Both studies improved our understanding of the biological origins of colon and BE tissue AF. To address suboptimal detection of dysplasia in AF imaging of BE, aminolevulinic acid (ALA) was evaluated 'in vivo' and 'ex vivo' as a diagnostic pro-drug to enhance the fluorescence contrast of dysplasia in BE. The results of these studies were inconsistent. The limited utility of AF and ALA-induced fluorescence for detecting dysplasia 'in vivo ' prompted a new approach, using monoclonal antibody-based fluorescent contrast bioconjugate targeting of a tumor-associated mucin antigen overexpressed in human colorectal adenocarcinomas. This agent was developed and evaluated ' in vitro' and 'in vivo' in a xenograft mouse tumor model, yielding significant enhancement of tumor-to-normal contrast. A novel class of fluorescent semiconductor nanoparticles (quantum dots) were evaluated as alternative immunotargeted fluorescence contrast agents in preliminary ' in vitro' and 'in vivo' animal studies. In conclusion, this thesis has advanced our basic understanding of tissue AF in the GI tract, which may translate into improved AF endoscopic imaging technology for enhancing early detection of GI cancers, and offers the distinct possibility of providing real-time non-invasive "'molecular endoscopy'" for tumor detection ' in vivo'., Tissue autofluorescence is investigated as a possible method for detection of early cancer during endoscopy of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. In the present work, 'in vivo' fluorescence point-spectroscopy of colonic tissues, with blue light excitation, showed significant differences in autofluorescence intensity and spectral line shape between normal, preneoplastic and neoplastic lesions. These data formed the basis for developing imaging algorithms; currently used in a prototype real-time light-induced fluorescence endoscope (LIFE), undergoing multicenter clinical trials. Clinical results of fluorescence imaging and spectroscopy are described. The mechanisms by which LIFE imaging and spectroscopy differentiate normal tissues from early and late stage colonic cancers are not well understood. In this thesis, human colonic tissues were analyzed by confocal fluorescence microscopy, microspectrofluorimetry, histological and inummohistological staining, and transmission electron microscopy. Together with studies of the attenuation of light in gastrointestinal tissues, the measurements were used to develop a quantitative model of the autofluorescence process 'in vivo'. Excitation and emission matrices (EEMs) of tissues and potential fluorophores were used to identify fluorophores contributing to this autofluorescence. The cellular and extracellular origins and changes in fluorophore distributions in normal, preneoplastic and neoplastic tissues are described. Modeling showed that LIFE-GI imaging and spectroscopy results 'in vivo' may be explained by a combination of many factors, including the effect of different illumination/detection geometries, changes in tissue architecture, changes in tissue optical properties, and altered fluorophore distributions, as normal colon progresses toward neoplasia. Furthermore, a more detailed study of mucosal tissue autofluorescence from normal colon, hyperplastic polyps, and adenomatous polyps is presented. In these tissues, significant differences in mucosal fluorophore composition were found, including the discovery of a possible endogenous autofluorescent biomarker specific to colonic dysplasia. Finally, a summary of results and conclusions are presented, and future studies are outlined.

Download or read book Endoscopy in Early Gastrointestinal Cancers Volume 1 written by Philip W. Y. Chiu and published by Springer. This book was released on 2020-10-30 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Endoscopy in Early Gastrointestinal Cancers, Volume 1: Diagnosis provides detailed information of the technique of novel endoscopic diagnostic tools including magnifying endoscopy, narrow band imaging system (NBI), autofluorescence endoscopy (AFI), endocytoscopy, FICE and confocal endomicroscopy. Carcinoma of the gastrointestinal tract remained a major health issue worldwide, which is, however notoriously difficult to treat. One of the major reasons for such a poor result is that these cancers are diagnosed at advanced stage. There is a recent increase in the number of gastrointestinal cancers diagnosed at early stage. This is attributed to an increasing recognition of these early stage cancers through a recent development in the technology of endoscopy. This book on the endoscopic diagnosis of early GI neoplasia, containing lots of illustrations, artwork and numerous short video clips, serves as a bridge between the recent development in endoscopy and the knowledge of gastroenterologist, endoscopist and surgeons.

Download or read book Quantitative Fluorescence Molecular Endoscopy written by and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Multispectral Endoscopic Imaging System for Acquisition and Analysis of Laser induced Fluorescence Spectra of Human Arterial Tissue written by Rolf Andreas Wyss and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Development of a Platform for Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering Endoscopy written by Patrick Zachary McVeigh and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Dynamic Fluorescence Imaging with Molecular Agents for Cancer Detection written by Sun Kuk Kwon and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Non-invasive dynamic optical imaging of small animals requires the development of a novel fluorescence imaging modality. Herein, fluorescence imaging is demonstrated with sub-second camera integration times using agents specifically targeted to disease markers, enabling rapid detection of cancerous regions. The continuous-wave fluorescence imaging acquires data with an intensified or an electronmultiplying charge-coupled device. The work presented in this dissertation (i) assessed dose-dependent uptake using dynamic fluorescence imaging and pharmacokinetic (PK) models, (ii) evaluated disease marker availability in two different xenograft tumors, (iii) compared the impact of autofluorescence in fluorescence imaging of near-infrared (NIR) vs. red light excitable fluorescent contrast agents, (iv) demonstrated dual-wavelength fluorescence imaging of angiogenic vessels and lymphatics associated with a xenograft tumor model, and (v) examined dynamic multi-wavelength, whole-body fluorescence imaging with two different fluorescent contrast agents. PK analysis showed that the uptake of Cy5.5-c(KRGDf) in xenograft tumor regions linearly increased with doses of Cy5.5-c(KRGDf) up to 1.5 nmol/mouse. Above 1.5 nmol/mouse, the uptake did not increase with doses, suggesting receptor saturation. Target to background ratio (TBR) and PK analysis for two different tumor cell lines showed that while Kaposi's sarcoma (KS1767) exhibited early and rapid uptake of Cy5.5-c(KRGDf), human melanoma tumors (M21) had non-significant TBR differences and early uptake rates similar to the contralateral normal tissue regions. The differences may be due to different compartment location of the target. A comparison of fluorescence imaging with NIR vs. red light excitable fluorescent dyes demonstrates that NIR dyes are associated with less background signal, enabling rapid tumor detection. In contrast, animals injected with red light excitable fluorescent dyes showed high autofluorescence. Dual-wavelength fluorescence images were acquired using a targeted 111In- DTPA-K(IRDye800)-c(KRGDf) to selectively detect tumor angiogenesis and an untargeted Cy5.5 to image lymphatics. After acquiring the experimental data, fluorescence image-guided surgery was performed. Dynamic, multi-wavelength fluorescence imaging was accomplished using a liquid crystal tunable filter (LCTF). Excitation light was used for reflectance images with a LCTF transmitting a shorter wavelength than the peak in the excitation light spectrum. Therefore, images can be dynamically acquired alternating frame by frame between emission and excitation light, which should enable image-guided surgery.

Download or read book Bio inspired Multi spectral Imaging Sensors and Algorithms for Image Guided Surgery written by Shengkui Gao and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Image guided surgery (IGS) utilizes emerging imaging technologies to provide additional structural and functional information to the physician in clinical settings. This additional visual information can help physicians delineate cancerous tissue during resection as well as avoid damage to near-by healthy tissue. Near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging (700 nm to 900 nm wavelengths) is a promising imaging modality for IGS, namely for the following reasons: First, tissue absorption and scattering in the NIR window is very low, which allows for deeper imaging and localization of tumor tissue in the range of several millimeters to a centimeter depending on the tissue surrounding the tumor. Second, spontaneous tissue fluorescence emission is minimal in the NIR region, allowing for high signal-to-background ratio imaging compared to visible spectrum fluorescence imaging. Third, decoupling the fluorescence signal from the visible spectrum allows for optimization of NIR fluorescence while attaining high quality color images. Fourth, there are two FDA approved fluorescent dyes in the NIR region--namely methylene blue (MB) and indocyanine green--which can help to identify tumor tissue due to passive accumulation in human subjects. The aforementioned advantages have led to the development of NIR fluorescence imaging systems for a variety of clinical applications, such as sentinel lymph node imaging, angiography, and tumor margin assessment. With these technological advances, secondary surgeries due to positive tumor margins or damage to healthy organs can be largely mitigated, reducing the emotional and financial toll on the patient. Currently, several NIR fluorescence imaging systems (NFIS) are available commercially or are undergoing clinical trials, such as FLARE, SPY, PDE, Fluobeam, and others. These systems capture multi-spectral images using complex optical equipment and are combined with real-time image processing to present an augmented view to the surgeon. The information is presented on a standard monitor above the operating bed, which requires the physician to stop the surgical procedure and look up at the monitor. The break in the surgical flow sometimes outweighs the benefits of fluorescence based IGS, especially in time-critical surgical situations. Furthermore, these instruments tend to be very bulky and have a large foot print, which significantly complicates their adoption in an already crowded operating room. In this document, I present the development of a compact and wearable goggle system capable of real-time sensing of both NIR fluorescence and color information. The imaging system is inspired by the ommatidia of the monarch butterfly, in which pixelated spectral filters are integrated with light sensitive elements. The pixelated spectral filters are fabricated via a carefully optimized nanofabrication procedure and integrated with a CMOS imaging array. The entire imaging system has been optimized for high signal-to-background fluorescence imaging using an analytical approach, and the efficacy of the system has been experimentally verified. The bio-inspired spectral imaging sensor is integrated with an FPGA for compact and real-time signal processing and a wearable goggle for easy integration in the operating room. The complete imaging system is undergoing clinical trials at Washington University in the St. Louis Medical School for imaging sentinel lymph nodes in both breast cancer patients and melanoma patients.

Download or read book Medical Image Analysis written by Alejandro Frangi and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2023-09-20 with total page 700 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Medical Image Analysis presents practical knowledge on medical image computing and analysis as written by top educators and experts. This text is a modern, practical, self-contained reference that conveys a mix of fundamental methodological concepts within different medical domains. Sections cover core representations and properties of digital images and image enhancement techniques, advanced image computing methods (including segmentation, registration, motion and shape analysis), machine learning, how medical image computing (MIC) is used in clinical and medical research, and how to identify alternative strategies and employ software tools to solve typical problems in MIC. - An authoritative presentation of key concepts and methods from experts in the field - Sections clearly explaining key methodological principles within relevant medical applications - Self-contained chapters enable the text to be used on courses with differing structures - A representative selection of modern topics and techniques in medical image computing - Focus on medical image computing as an enabling technology to tackle unmet clinical needs - Presentation of traditional and machine learning approaches to medical image computing

Download or read book Encyclopedia of Diagnostic Imaging written by Albert L. Baert and published by Springer. This book was released on 2008-01-14 with total page 1965 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of this comprehensive encyclopedia is to provide detailed information on diagnostic radiology contributing to the broad field of imaging. The simple A to Z format provides easy access to relevant information. Extensive cross references between keywords and related articles enable efficient searches in a user-friendly manner. The wide range of entries will provide basic and clinical scientists in academia, practice and industry with valuable information about the field of diagnostic imaging. Those in related fields will also benefit from the important and relevant information on the most recent developments. Please note that this publication is available as print only or online only or print + online set. Save 75% of the online list price when purchasing the bundle. For more information on the online version please type the publication title into the search box above, then click on the eReference version in the results list.