Download or read book Development of Precipitated Iron Fischer Tropsch Catalysts Quarterly Technical Progress Report for the Period 1 October 1995 31 December 1995 written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Development of Precipitated Iron Fischer Tropsch Catalysts Quarterly Technical Progress Report 1 October 1995 31 December 1995 written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Two stirred tank slurry reactor tests of catalysts with nominal compositions 100 Fe/3Cu/4 K/2 Ca/16 SiO2 (run SB-3115) and 100 Fe/5 Cu/6 K/24 SiO2 (run SA-3155) were completed under task 5, The Effect of Source of Potassium and Basic Oxide Promoter, during the reporting period. Our assessment of the effects of addition of CaO promoter to our baseline catalysts B and C and the use of potassium silicate as the source of potassium promoter is as follows: in general, the addition of CaO promoter did not result in improved performance of the baseline catalysts; the use of CaO promoter may be best suited for operation at higher reaction pressures; the baseline procedure utilizing impregnation of Fe-Cu-SiO2 precursor with aqueous solution of KHCO3 as the source of potassium promoter is the preferred method of preparation; and the procedure which utilizes aqueous K2SiO3 solution as the source of potassium also provides satisfactory results, and may be used as an alternative. A slurry reactor test (run SB-3425) was completed during the reporting period, following the catalyst pretreatment with H2 at 250°C for 4 h (Task 6. Pretreatment Effect Research). This pretreatment resulted in higher catalyst activity than our baseline procedure (H2 at 240°C for 2 h) but also higher methane and gaseous hydrocarbon selectivities (about 10-20% higher).
Download or read book Development of Precipitated Iron Fischer Tropsch Catalysts Quarterly Technical Progress Report 1 January 1995 31 March 1995 written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Development of Precipitated Iron Fischer Tropsch Catalysts Quarterly Technical Progress Report April 1 1995 June 30 1995 written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Development of Precipitated Iron Fischer Tropsch Catalysts Quarterly Technical Progress Report 1 July 1995 30 September 1995 written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The following accomplishments were made on task 4. Reproducibility of Catalyst Preparation: (1) Five slurry reactor tests were completed. Three tests were conducted using catalyst C (100 Fe/3 Cu/4 K/16 SiO2) from three different batches (runs SB-2695, SB-2145 and SA-2715), and two tests were conducted with catalyst B (100 Fe/5 Cu/6 K/24 SiO2) from two different preparation batches (runs SA-2615 and SB-2585). Performance of catalysts from different batches (activity, selectivity and deactivation rates) was similar to that of catalysts from the original batch (synthesized during DOE Contract DE- AC22-89PC89868). Thus, another major objective of the present contract, demonstration of reproducibility of catalyst preparation procedure and performance, has been accomplished. With these tests the work on Task 4 has been successfully completed. Two fixed bed reactor tests of catalysts B and C synthesized using potassium silicate solution as the source of potassium promoter were completed during this period (Task 5. The Effect of Source of Potassium and Basic Oxide Promoter). Activity of catalysts prepared using potassium silicate as the source of potassium promotion was somewhat higher, and their methane selectivities were higher than those of the corresponding catalysts prepared by incipient wetness impregnation using KHCO3 as the source of potassium promoter. However, these differences were not large, and may have been caused by experimental artifacts (e.g. existence of local hot spots in a reactor). A slurry reactor test (SA-2405) of catalyst with nominal composition 100 Fe/5 Cu/2 Ca/24 SiO2 was completed (Task 5). In general, the catalyst activity, space-time-yield, and hydrocarbon selectivities in this run during testing at:260°C, 2.17 MPa (300 psig), 2-2.6 Nl/g-cat/h and H2CO=0.67 were quite good, and comparable to the best results obtained in our Laboratory.
Download or read book Technology Development for Iron Fischer Tropsch Catalysis Quarterly Technical Progress Report No 5 October 1 1995 December 31 1995 written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this research project is to develop the technology for the production of physically robust iron-based Fischer-Tropsch catalysts that have suitable activity, selectivity and stability to be used in the slurry phase synthesis reactor development. The catalysts that are developed shall be suitable for testing in the Advanced Fuels Development Facility at LaPorte, Texas, to produce either low- or high-alpha product distributions. Previous work by the offeror has produced a catalyst formulation that is 1.5 times as active as the ''standard-catalyst'' developed by German workers for slurry phase synthesis. The proposed work will optimize the catalyst composition and pretreatment operation for this low-alpha catalyst. In parallel, work will be conducted to design a high-alpha iron catalyst this is suitable for slurry phase synthesis. Studies will be conducted to define the chemical phases present at various stages of the pretreatment and synthesis stages and to define the course of these changes. The oxidation/reduction cycles that are anticipated to occur in large, commercial reactors will be studied at the laboratory scale. Catalyst performance will be determined for catalysts synthesized in this program for activity, selectivity and aging characteristics. The research is divided into four major topical areas: (a) catalyst preparation and characterization, (b) product characterization, (c) reactor operations, and (d) data assessment. Accomplishments to date are described.
Download or read book Development of Precipitated Iron Fischer Tropsch Catalysts Quarterly Technical Progress Report October 1 1994 December 31 1994 written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The work on Task 3. Testing of Previously Synthesized Catalysts was initiated in early October as scheduled. Two initial tests were not successful (runs SB-2764 and SB-3064). It took us a great deal of time and effort to overcome these problems, which included conducting a blank test (run SB-3184) and a test of commercial Ruhrchemie catalyst (run SB-3254). Finally, a successful test of catalyst with nominal composition 100 Fe/5 Cu/6 K/24 SiO2 (run SB-3354) was completed using a different slurry medium (Ethylflo 164 oil). Low activities in unsuccessful tests SB-2764 and SB-3064 may be due to catalyst poisoning by impurities in the initial slurry medium (purified n-octacosane from Humphrey Chemical Co.).
Download or read book Development of Precipitated Iron Fischer Tropsch Catalysts Quarterly Technical Progress Report 1 January 1996 31 March 1996 written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 49 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The overall contract objectives are to: (1) demonstrate repeatability of performance and preparation procedure of two high activity, high alpha iron Fischer-Tropsch catalysts synthesized at Texas A & M University (TAMU); (2) seek potential improvements in the catalyst performance through variations in process conditions, pretreatment procedures and/or modifications in catalyst synthesis; (3) investigate performance of catalysts in a small scale bubble column slurry reactor, and (4) investigate feasibility of producing catalysts on a large scale in collaboration with a catalyst manufacturer. In order to achieve these objectives the work is divided into ten tasks, which are described and their accomplishments are reported.
Download or read book Development of Precipitated Iron Fischer Tropsch Catalysts Quarterly Technical Progress Report for the Period July 1 1996 September 30 1996 written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Two slurry reactor tests were completed in continuation of our studies on the effect of pretreatment conditions on catalyst reactivity and selectivity. Exceptionally good performance was obtained in run SA-2186, using the new pretreatment developed at Texas A & M University. The work on catalyst characterization by temperature programmed and isothermal reduction on a variety of iron catalysts, with different amounts of promoters, has been continued. These studies are complementing our work on pretreatment effect research, and provide additional insights into the effect of pretreatment procedures on the reduction behavior of iron catalysts. The overall objectives are to: (1) demonstrate repeatability of performance and preparation procedure of two high activity, high alpha iron Fischer-Tropsch catalysts synthesized at Texas A & M University; (2) seek potential improvements in the catalysts performance through variation in process condition, pretreatment procedures and/or modifications in catalyst synthesis; (3) investigate performance of catalysts in a small bubble column slurry reactor; and (4) investigate feasibility of producing catalysts on a large scale in collaboration with a catalyst manufacturer.
Download or read book Da bei xin zhou xiang jie written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Development of Precipitated Iron Fischer Tropsch Catalysts Quarterly Technical Progress Report 1 April 1996 30 June 1996 written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 61 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The overall contract objectives are to: (1) demonstrate repeatability of performance and preparation procedure of two high activity, high alpha iron Fischer-Tropsch catalysts synthesized at Texas A & M University (TAMU) during the DOE Contract DE-AC22-89PC89868; (2) seek potential improvements in the catalyst performance through variations in process conditions, pretreatment procedures and/or modifications in catalyst synthesis; (3) investigate performance of catalysts in a small scale bubble column slurry reactor, and (4) investigate feasibility of producing catalysts on a large scale in collaboration with a catalyst manufacturer. The performance of an iron, and iron-copper-silica catalyst are described.
Download or read book Development of Precipitated Iron Fischer Tropsch Catalysts Quarterly Report October 1 1996 December 31 1996 written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The overall contract objectives are to: (1) demonstrate repeatability of performance and preparation procedure of two high activity, high alpha iron Fischer-Tropsch catalysts synthesized at Texas A & M University, (2) seek potential improvements in the catalyst performance through variations in process condition, pretreatment procedures and/or modification in catalyst synthesis, (3) investigate performance of catalysts in a small scale bubble column slurry reactor, and (4) investigate feasibility of producing catalysts on a large scale in collaboration with a catalyst manufacturer. Work during this period included pretreatment effect research and catalyst characterization.
Download or read book Technology Development for Iron Fischer Tropsch Catalysis Quarterly Technical Progress Report No 3 April 1 1995 June 30 1995 written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this research project is to develop the technology for the production of physically robust iron-based Fischer-Tropsch catalysts that have suitable activity, selectivity and stability to be used in the slurry phase synthesis reactor development. The catalysts that are developed shall be suitable for testing in the Advanced Fuels Development Facility at LaPorte, Texas, to produce either low- or high-alpha product distributions. Previous work by the offeror has produced a catalyst formulation that is 1.5 times as active as the {open_quotes}standard-catalyst{close_quotes} developed by German workers for slurry phase synthesis. The proposed work will optimize the catalyst composition and pretreatment operation for this low-alpha catalyst. In parallel, work will be conducted to design a high-alpha iron catalyst this is suitable for slurry phase synthesis. Studies will be conducted to define the chemical phases present at various stages of the pretreatment and synthesis stages and to define the course of these changes. The oxidation/reduction cycles that are anticipated to occur in large, commercial reactors will be studied at the laboratory scale. Catalyst performance will be determined for catalysts synthesized in this program for activity, selectivity and aging characteristics. The research is divided into four major topical areas: (a) catalyst preparation and characterization, (b) product characterization, (c) reactor operations, and (d) data assessment.
Download or read book Technology Development for Iron Fischer Tropsch Catalysts Quarterly Technical Progress Report for Period Ending December 30 1992 written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The impact on iron Fischer-Tropsch catalysts of the variables controlling the initial precipitation, subsequent aging and drying conditions have been detailed. Heat treatment of iron oxyhydroxides results in decreasing the surface area and increasing the major pore size as temperature increases, both in air and in an inert atmosphere. A shift toward higher temperature stability is seen for the same iron oxyhydroxide when co-precipitated with 6% Al2O3, SiO2, or ZrO2. Samples for characterization have been withdrawn from the reactor at increasing time intervals during pretreatment and exposure to synthesis gas. Surface area decrease and pore size increase are also observed during reaction pretreatment with CO at 260°C and 100 psi. and during the initial days of reaction under CO/H2. The major changes appear to occur during pretreatment and in the very early stages of the reaction. The effects of added promoter(s) also impact the area and/or porosity of the materials. The area and pore size distributions have shown systematic changes during increasing exposure to synthesis gas.
Download or read book Technology Development for Iron Fischer Tropsch Catalysts Quarterly Technical Progress Report October December 1994 written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Technology Development for Iron Fischer Tropsch Catalysts Quarterly Technical Progress Report for Period Ending December 1993 written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Conversion data as a function of time of synthesis for the two catalysts are shown in Figures 2 and 3. In general the precipitated catalyst is more active than the iron carbide catalyst with syn-gas conversions starting at 80% as compared to 50% for the latter; however, both catalysts deactivated with increasing reaction time. A comparison of the C2, C3 and C4 olefin selectivities at 26% CO conversion (precipitated catalyst-336 hr of synthesis, iron carbide catalyst-122 hr of synthesis) are shown in Figure 4. Surprisingly the precipitated catalyst had a higher olefin content than the iron carbide catalyst. It has been reported that a similar iron carbide catalyst has higher selectivity for the production of olefins than a ''conventionally prepared'' Fe/Co catalyst. The discrepancy may be due in part to comparing the olefin selectivity of the two catalysts at different conversions. Their ''conventional catalyst'' had a C2-C4 olefin content of 37% at 72% conversion compared to 86% olefin at 55% conversion for the iron carbide catalyst. In general the olefin selectivity of a catalyst is highest at low conversions. The iron carbide catalyst of this study produces more hydrocarbons than the precipitated catalyst; furthermore, it produces a higher fraction of C3 + (86% vs. 84%) and C5+ (67% vs. 61%) hydrocarbons (Figure 5). Correspondingly, the iron carbide catalyst produces less methane and ethane than the precipitated catalyst (Figure 6). These hydrocarbon and C5+ selectivities are similar to those reported earlier.
Download or read book Technology Development for Iron Fischer Tropsch Catalysis Quarterly Technical Progress Report No 6 January 1 1996 March 31 1996 written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this research project is to develop the technology for the production of physically robust iron-based Fischer-Tropsch catalysts that have suitable activity, selectivity and stability to be used in the slurry phase synthesis reactor development. The catalysts that are developed shall be suitable for testing in the Advanced Fuels Development Facility at LaPorte, Texas, to produce either low- or high-alpha product distributions. Previous work by the offeror has produced a catalyst formulation that is 1.5 times as active as the ''standard-catalyst'' developed by German workers for slurry phase synthesis. The proposed work will optimize the catalyst composition and pretreatment operation for this low-alpha catalyst. In parallel, work will be conducted to design a high-alpha iron catalyst that is suitable for slurry phase synthesis. Studies will be conducted to define the chemical phases present at various stages of the pretreatment and synthesis stages and to define the course of these changes. The oxidation/reduction cycles that are anticipated to occur in large, commercial reactors will be studied at the laboratory scale. Catalyst performance will be determined for catalysts synthesized in this program for activity, selectivity and aging characteristics. The research is divided into four major topical areas: (a) catalyst preparation and characterization, (b) product characterization, (c) reactor operations, and (d) data assessment. Accomplishments for this period are discussed.
