Download or read book Development of Passive and Active Piezoelectric Scour Depth Monitoring Sensors written by Morgan Leigh Funderburk and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 163 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Local scour is arguably the most pressing issue regarding the safety and longevity of overwater civil infrastructure. Scour is the leading cause of bridge collapse in the United States and therefore poses a great threat to public safety, disrupts local commerce, and costs millions of dollars in repairs. In the next century, the effects of climate changes will make more bridges susceptible to scour failure more than ever before. Many modern scour detection techniques do not provide continuous scour depth measurements, nor can they function under extreme flow conditions, which is when scour monitoring becomes most critical. This research aims to address the significant drawbacks of existing scour monitoring techniques by validating three piezoelectric driven-rod scour monitoring sensors developed using: hydrodynamic scour testing, localized velocity modeling, mathematical relationships and structural adaptations to mitigate environmental influences, as well as a novel, active soil interface sensing mechanism. The first proposed scour sensor, or piezo-rods, feature continuous piezoelectric polymer strips embedded within and along the length of slender cylindrical rods, which could then be driven into soil where scour is expected. When scour erodes away foundation material to reveal a portion of the piezo-rod, ambient fluid flow excitations would cause the piezoelectric element to output a voltage response corresponding to the dynamic bending strains of the sensor. The voltage response is dependent on both the structural dynamic properties of the sensor and the excitation fluid's velocity. By monitoring both shedding frequency and flow velocity, the exposed length of the piezo-rod (or scour depth) can be calculated. Hydrodynamic testing of the sensor system in a flume is discussed. Each rod was installed using a 3D-printed footing designed for ease of installation and stabilization during testing. Two series of experimental flume tests were conducted: (1) the piezo-rod was driven into sediment around a mock pier to collect scour data, and (2) the piezo-rod was used to monitor its own structural response by collecting vortex-shedding frequency data in response to varied flow velocities to establish a velocity-frequency (V-F) relationship. The sensors were installed in a layout designed to capture symmetric scour conditions around a scaled pier. In order to analyze the system out of steady-state conditions, water velocity was increased in stages during testing to induce different degrees of scour. As ambient water flow excited the portion of the exposed rods, the embedded piezoelectric element outputted a time-varying voltage signal. Different methods were then employed to extract the fundamental frequency of each rod, and the results were compared. Further testing was also performed to characterize the relationship between frequency outputs and flow velocity, which were previously thought to be independent. The results from soil-free velocity testing showed that the piezo-rod successfully captured structural vortex-shedding frequency comparable to state-of-the-art testing. A one-dimensional numerical model was developed using the V-F relationship to increase the accuracy of voltage-based length predictions of the piezo-rod. Two-dimensional flow modeling was also performed for predicting localized velocities within a complex flow-field. These velocities, in conjunction with the V-F relationship, were used to greatly improve length-predictive capabilities of the piezo rod. Higher mass ratio rods are known to be less susceptible to the influences of flowing-water excitations. Therefore, the second generation of the piezo-rod design aimed to increase the mass ratio of the scour sensor while also introducing more frequency features into the signal signature that can be used to determine length. Two variations of large-scale piezo-rods were developed and then optimized to have greater participation of high-order frequencies under free-vibration conditions using weights as localized masses. The results showed that a vibrational sensor could be made to output up to five modal frequencies, which are related to the number of additional participating weights. As a result of the velocity influence on the piezo-rod, and other passive sensors exited by flowing water, an active scour depth monitoring sensor using ultrasonic time domain reflectometry (UTDR) was developed. To make the third generation UTDR sensor, a long, slender plate is coupled with two flexible piezoelectric devices--macro-fiber composites--that propagate Lamb waves along the length of the plate to form the scour sensor. The hypothesis was that increasing scour depth would change the mechanical impedance of the system to cause measurable and unique signatures in the residual Lamb wave signals. The sensor was tested for sensitivity to external pressure using metal weights and was able to detect the position of the pressure up at a length of up to ~ 20 ft. The sensor was tested under simulated scour conditions, being buried in sand at various depths. The results showed that the Lamb wave scour sensor was capable of reliably detecting a soil interface at 1 ft intervals. The scour sensor was also able to detect uncompacted soil interfaces, which is important considering the issue of scour hole refill following an extreme event. Overall, the Lamb wave UTDR sensor was demonstrated to be a feasible sensing mechanism for scour depth monitoring.
Download or read book Development and Test of High temperature Piezoelectric Wafer Active Sensors for Structural Health Monitoring written by Yuanye Bao and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Development of an Integrated Software Solution for Piezoelectric Active Sensing in Structural Health Monitoring written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Piezoceramic Sensors written by Valeriy Sharapov and published by Springer. This book was released on 2011-09-01 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the latest and complete information about various types of piezosensors. A sensor is a converter of the measured physical size to an electric signal. Piezoelectric transducers and sensors are based on piezoelectric effects. They have proven to be versatile tools for the measurement of various processes. They are used for quality assurance, process control and for research and development in many different industries. In each area of application specific requirements to the parameters of transducers and sensors are developed. The book presents the fundamentals, technical design and details and practical applications. Methods to design piezosensors are described, allowing to create sensors with unique properties. New methods to measure physical sizes and new constructions of sensors including large area of piezosensors are described in this book. This book is written for specialists in transforming hydroacoustics, non-destructive control, measuring technique, sensors development for automatic control and also for graduate students.
Download or read book Structural Health Monitoring written by Daniel Balageas and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-01-05 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is organized around the various sensing techniques used to achieve structural health monitoring. Its main focus is on sensors, signal and data reduction methods and inverse techniques, which enable the identification of the physical parameters, affected by the presence of the damage, on which a diagnostic is established. Structural Health Monitoring is not oriented by the type of applications or linked to special classes of problems, but rather presents broader families of techniques: vibration and modal analysis; optical fibre sensing; acousto-ultrasonics, using piezoelectric transducers; and electric and electromagnetic techniques. Each chapter has been written by specialists in the subject area who possess a broad range of practical experience. The book will be accessible to students and those new to the field, but the exhaustive overview of present research and development, as well as the numerous references provided, also make it required reading for experienced researchers and engineers.
Download or read book Structural Health Monitoring 2015 written by Fu-Kuo Chang and published by DEStech Publications, Inc. This book was released on 2015-10-01 with total page 1644 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings of the Tenth International Workshop on Structural Health Monitoring, September 1–3, 2015. Selected research on the entire spectrum of structural health techniques and areas of applicationAvailable in print, complete online text download or individual articles. Series book comprising two volumes provides selected international research on the entire spectrum of structural health monitoring techniques used to diagnose and safeguard aircraft, vehicles, buildings, civil infrastructure, ships and railroads, as well as their components such as joints, bondlines, coatings and more. Includes special sections on system design, signal processing, multifunctional materials, sensor distribution, embedded sensors for monitoring composites, reliability and applicability in extreme environments. The extensive contents can be viewed below.
Download or read book Springer Handbook of Acoustics written by Thomas Rossing and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-06-21 with total page 1179 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is an unparalleled modern handbook reflecting the richly interdisciplinary nature of acoustics edited by an acknowledged master in the field. The handbook reviews the most important areas of the subject, with emphasis on current research. The authors of the various chapters are all experts in their fields. Each chapter is richly illustrated with figures and tables. The latest research and applications are incorporated throughout, including computer recognition and synthesis of speech, physiological acoustics, diagnostic imaging and therapeutic applications and acoustical oceanography. An accompanying CD-ROM contains audio and video files.
Download or read book American Doctoral Dissertations written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 800 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Erosion and Sediment Transport Measurement in Rivers written by Jim Bogen and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effects of EMFs from Undersea Power Cables on Elasmobranchs and Other Marine Species Final Report written by T. Tricas and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2012-12 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Proceedings of the 1st Conference of the European Association on Quality Control of Bridges and Structures written by Carlo Pellegrino and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-12-11 with total page 1454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book gathers the latest advances and innovations in the field of quality control and improvement of bridges and structures, as presented by international researchers and engineers at the 1st Conference of the European Association on Quality Control of Bridges and Structures (EUROSTRUCT 2021), held in Padua, Italy on August 29 – September 1, 2021. Contributions include a wide range of topics such as testing and advanced diagnostic techniques for damage detection; SHM and AI, IoT and machine learning for data analysis of bridges and structures; fiberoptics and smart sensors for long-term SHM; structural reliability, risk, robustness, redundancy and resilience for bridges; corrosion models, fatigue analysis and impact of hazards on infrastructure components; bridge and asset management systems, and decision-making models; Life-Cycle Analysis, retrofit and service-life extension, risk management protocols; quality control plans, sustainability and green materials.
Download or read book Adapted Wavelet Analysis written by Mladen Victor Wickerhauser and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1996-04-17 with total page 499 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This detail-oriented text is intended for engineers and applied mathematicians who must write computer programs to perform wavelet and related analysis on real data. It contains an overview of mathematical prerequisites and proceeds to describe hands-on programming techniques to implement special programs for signal analysis and other applications.
Download or read book Rock Foundations written by United States. Army. Corps of Engineers and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Applied Mechanics Reviews written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Recent Trends in Civil Engineering written by K. K. Pathak and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-09-27 with total page 1081 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the selected peer-reviewed proceedings of the International Conference on Recent Trends and Innovations in Civil Engineering (ICRTICE 2019). The volume focuses on latest research and advances in the field of civil engineering and materials science such as design and development of new environmental materials, performance testing and verification of smart materials, performance analysis and simulation of steel structures, design and performance optimization of concrete structures, and building materials analysis. The book also covers studies in geotechnical engineering, hydraulic engineering, road and bridge engineering, building services design, engineering management, water resource engineering and renewable energy. The contents of this book will be useful for students, researchers and professionals working in civil engineering.
Download or read book River Flow 2020 written by Wim S. J. Uijttewaal and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-08-26 with total page 2422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rivers form one of the lifelines in our society by providing essential services such as availability of fresh water, navigation, energy, ecosystem services, and flood conveyance. Because of this essential role, mankind has interfered continuously in order to benefit most and at the same time avoid adverse consequences such as flood risk and droughts. This has resulted in often highly engineered rivers with a narrow set of functions. In the last decades rivers are increasingly considered in a more holistic manner as a system with a multitude of interdependent processes. River research and engineering has therefore added to the river fundamentals also themes like ecohydraulics, consequences of climate change, and urbanisation. River Flow 2020 contains the contributions presented at the 10th conference on Fluvial Hydraulics, River Flow 2020, organised under the auspices of the Committee on Fluvial Hydraulics of the International Association for Hydro-Environment Engineering and Research (IAHR). What should have been a lively physical gathering of researchers, students and practitioners, was converted into an online event as the COVID-19 pandemic hindered international travelling and large gatherings of people. Nevertheless, the fluvial hydraulics community showed their interest and to be very much alive with a high number of participations for such event. Since its first edition in 2002, in Louvain-la-Neuve, this series of conferences has found a large and loyal audience in the river research and engineering community while being also attractive to the new researchers and young professionals. This is highlighted by the large number of contributions applying for the Coleman award for young researchers, and also by the number of applications and attendants to the Master Classes which are aimed at young researchers and students. River Flow 2020 aims to provide an updated overview of the ongoing research in this wide range of topics, and contains five major themes which are focus of research in the fluvial environment: river fundamentals, the digital river, the healthy river, extreme events and rivers under pressure. Other highlights of River Flow 2020 include the substantial number of interdisciplinary subthemes and sessions of special interest. The contributions will therefore be of interest to academics in hydraulics, hydrology and environmental engineering as well as practitioners that would like to be updated about the newest findings and hot themes in river research and engineering.
Download or read book Structural Health Monitoring 2019 written by Fu-Kuo Chang and published by . This book was released on 2019-11-15 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This two-volume book set contains over 425 papers. While offering investigations into how sensors, networks, and signaling systems are used in dozens of civil and military applications, a special feature of this book is its exploration of how to enable intelligent life-cycle health management for the industrial internet of things. It demonstrates how machine-learning and stochastic methods add value to SHM data by taking into account changing environments and conditional events. It offers new insights on interactions between SHM data and big data for improving the safety and integrity of monitored structures. Information is also presented on how SHM sensing interfaces with smart and functional materials operating in dynamic systems. A large number of SHM applications are explained, including additive manufacturing, advanced composites, actuators, corrosion, machinery, power plants, piping, robotics, underground infrastructure, and many more.Chapters in the book are edited presentations from a September 2019 Workshop at Stanford University co-sponsored by the U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research and the Office of Naval Research.
