Download or read book An Open ocean Marine Fog Development and Forecast Model for Ocean Weather Station Papa written by Robert Louis Clark and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Marine fog forecasts during the summer period in the North Pacific are not made presently with any acceptable degree of accuracy. Objective fog development models exist and are used with some success for localized coastal regions of the western U.S.; scarcity of accurate data has hindered creation of a reliable open-ocean model. The Eulerian single-station approach, utilizing a segment of the complete accurate data of Ocean Weather Station Papa (50N, 145W) is applied in this study to an objective marine fog forecasting model. The time-series study of significant atmospheric variables at OWS Papa, when coupled with a chronological synoptic overview, delineates accurately fog/no fog sequences in the summer months of 1973 and 1977. Actual observed fog situations are evaluated by the general model and presented in relation to open-ocean fog indices, NOAA 5 satellite coverage and synoptic history. The open-ocean forecast model is tested on an independent data set for the month of July 1975 at OWS Papa, with favorable results. The research delineates four required indices that must all be positive to forecast fog. These indices, when plotted daily in the region of OWS Papa allow a single station to predict, with some confidence out to twenty-four hours, the occurrence of advection fog. (Author).
Download or read book Development of Open Ocean Fog Forecasting Regions written by Lawrence D. Burroughs and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Open ocean Fog Forecasting written by Glenn H. Jung and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Marine Fog Challenges and Advancements in Observations Modeling and Forecasting written by Darko Koračin and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-01-28 with total page 540 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents the history of marine fog research and applications, and discusses the physical processes leading to fog's formation, evolution, and dissipation. A special emphasis is on the challenges and advancements of fog observation and modeling as well as on efforts toward operational fog forecasting and linkages and feedbacks between marine fog and the environment.
Download or read book Open ocean Marine Fog Development and Forecast Model for Ocean Weather Station Papa written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Estimating Surface Currents in the Slope Water Region Between 37 and 41 N Using Satellite Feature Tracking written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Columbia River Entrance Wave Forecasting Program Developed at the Ocean Products Center written by Yongyao Zhao and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report describes the OPC spectral wave forecasting model for the Columbia River Bar, as well as the results of some numerical experiments, on both micro and main frame computers. The model, essentially, calculates the transformation of offshore wave spectra forecasted by the OPC global wave model due to the combined effects of bottom topography and tidal currents in the vicinity of the Columbia River entrance.
Download or read book Fog Occurrence and Forecasting at Two North Pacific Ocean Stations May and June 1953 written by Frank John Misciasci and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Feasibility Study on Operational Use of Geosat Wind and Wave Data at the National Meteorological Center written by Tsann-wang Yu and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The feasibility of the use of Geosat altimeter-derived wind speed and significant wave height data for operational applications is investigated. Geosat wind and wave data are compared with buoy observations for a 17 month period to determine the error characteristics as a function of various data acceptance time windows and spatial separation distances between the colocated data points. The results show that Geosat wind speed errors are sensitive to the time acceptance windows and less so to spatial separation distances, whereas Geosat wave height errors are not so sensitive to spatial and temporal separations. Three days of Geosat wind speeds and two periods of near real time Geosat significant wave height data are assimilated into the NMC's operational weather and wave forecast models. The results show that inclusion of Geosat wind speed data leads to a small impact in the southern Hemisphere, and virtually no impact in the northern Hemisphere. The Geosat significant wave height data, on the other hand, are found to have a positive impact and are extremely beneficial in short range wave forecasts over the global oceans.
Download or read book Variability of Marine Fog Along the West Coast written by Maria K. Filonczuk and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book An Operational Marine Fog Prediction Model written by Jordan C. Alpert and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A major concern to the National Weather Service marine operations is the problem of forecasting advection fogs at sea. Currently fog forecasts are issued using statistical methods only over the open ocean domain but no such system is available for coastal and offshore areas. We propose to use a partially diagnostic model, designed specifically for this problem, which relies on output fields from the global operational Medium Range Forecast (MRF) model. The boundary and initial conditions of moisture and temperature, as well as the MRF's horizontal wind predictions are interpolated to the fog model grid over an arbitrarily selected coastal and offshore ocean region. The moisture fields are used to prescribe a droplet size distribution and compute liquid water content, neither of which is accounted for in the global model. Fog development is governed by the droplet size distribution and advection and exchange of heat and moisture. A simple parameterization is used to describe the coefficients of evaporation and sensible heat exchange at the surface. Depletion of the fog is based on droplet fallout of the three categories of assumed droplet size. Comparison of three months of model results over the Atlantic seaboard with ship data show realistic forecasts of fogbound areas. The MRF initial conditions are used to update the fog model boundaries, thus supplying "perfect forecasts" for the fog model boundary conditions. Liquid water droplet concentrations are used to infer the relative intensity of fog and compare well with visibility reports from ship locations. It should be noted, however, that the verification of fog at sea is hampered by the limited amount of routinely available ship observations. The model also successfully predicted situations in which no fog was present when similarly verified with ship data. These results show that diagnostic models can be developed for specific regional applications based on numerical weather forecasts made with large scale global models.
Download or read book Santa Ana Associated Offshore Fog written by Douglas Allen Backes and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aircraft measurements made offshore during a coastal fog sequence by R.A. Markson are analyzed. Fog occurrence and areal extent are determined using aircraft, ship and shore station observations obtained during the Cooperative Experiment in West Coast Oceanography and Meteorology--1976 along with analyzed satellite visual and infra-red imagery. The offshore conditions are compared with those at the shore stations using selected fog indices. Photographs of special features observed are included. The offshore conditions are classified into phases by assigning limits within the specified fog indices used in the modified Leipper fog model. The sequence of observed fog events is compared to the ideal sequence. The trends in the sequence are analyzed and a general relationship between the phase sequence and the local offshore flow is indicated. The Leipper indices, the San Diego raob and the sequential fog model appear to be useful in fog prediction for the nearshore oceanic region from San Diego the Point Conception. (Author).
Download or read book Ocean Forecasting written by Nadia Pinardi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Advanced Study Courses in the field of Marine Science and Technology were part of the training programme developed from 1989 until 1999 within MAST, the Marine Science and Technology Programme of the European Union. They were related to the core topics of MAST Programme, marine systems research, extreme marine environments, regional Sea research, coastal systems research and engineering, and marine technology. The main objectives of these study courses were to further advance education in topics at the forefront of scien tific and technological development in Europe, and to improve the communication between students and experienced scientists on a European and international level. Over the years the Programme sponsored around 30 Advanced Study Courses. They took place in ten different member states of the European Union and their contribution in the formation of a European scientific community was significant. They also encouraged exchanges and contacts with several countries around the world such as United States, the third Mediterranean countries and others. The Course on Ocean Forecasting was one ofthe most successful with regard to its con tent, number of applications for participation and students satisfaction. When considering the need for the Advanced Study Course on Ocean Forecast ing, it is important to remember that the Oceans and Seas have always played a central role throughout the history of mankind. This is seen from the times of the ancient civilizations ofEgypt and Greece with the Phoenician traders, to the Viking voyages of exploration and discovery in medieval times.
Download or read book The Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate written by Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2022-04-30 with total page 755 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is the leading international body for assessing the science related to climate change. It provides policymakers with regular assessments of the scientific basis of human-induced climate change, its impacts and future risks, and options for adaptation and mitigation. This IPCC Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate is the most comprehensive and up-to-date assessment of the observed and projected changes to the ocean and cryosphere and their associated impacts and risks, with a focus on resilience, risk management response options, and adaptation measures, considering both their potential and limitations. It brings together knowledge on physical and biogeochemical changes, the interplay with ecosystem changes, and the implications for human communities. It serves policymakers, decision makers, stakeholders, and all interested parties with unbiased, up-to-date, policy-relevant information. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
Download or read book Climatic Atlas of the Outer Continental Shelf Waters and Coastal Regions of Alaska written by National Climatic Data Center (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 576 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Transient Ship Synoptic Reports written by Joseph Austin Schrock and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Coastal fog studies have always alluded to offshore marine fog development by extending known observations along the coast seaward. This velocity study attempts to establish the offshore conditions during one such coastal fog study through the analysis of transient ship synoptic reports. Over 1400 ship reports occurring off the coasts of California, Oregon, and Washington during two weeks in August 1974 and one week in December 1975 were analyzed. The visibility-weather group elements of the ship reports along with daily NOAA II satellite photographs were used to establish fog location and boundaries. Other Synoptic parameters such as air temperature, pressure patterns and sea surface temperature were studied in an attempt to determine reasons for marine fog development. An evaluation of the credibility and reliability of transient ship synoptic reports also was made.
