Download or read book Development of Novel Electronic and Magnetic Thin Films for Next Generation Spintronics Applications written by Yub Raj Sapkota and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spintronic-based magnetic random-access memory (MRAM) implementing the tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) effect has various advantages over conventional semiconductor base memory devices, such as non-volatility and potentially high density and scalability. Traditional MRAM design implemented in-plane magnetic switching for the read/write operation which is now recognized to suffer from poor scalability below 60 nm. With the discovery of the spin-transfer torque (STT) effect, where the spin-polarized current is used to switch the ferromagnet, the MRAM design simplified considerably as it eliminated one of the two current-carrying wires that are used to generate the magnetic field required for switching. The thermal stability is further enhanced by using magnetic materials with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA). In current devices, perpendicular anisotropy is developed at the free magnetic layer (CoFeB) interface with the tunnel barrier (MgO). It is called interfacial-perpendicular anisotropy. However, it has been shown that this design has scaling issues below 20 nm. Materials with volume (bulk) perpendicular magnetic anisotropy should show better scaling without compromising on thermal stability. This dissertation work is focused on growth and physical property investigations of thin films of novel magnetic and electronic materials which are promising for MRAM devices. Leveraging on prior identified materials (both theory and bulk materials experiment) with tetragonal and hexagonal symmetry that support PMA, we have successfully implemented several manganese-based hexagonal Heusler-like Mn3-xFexSn (X=0,1,2) alloys predicted to be high PMA materials. While Mn3Sn thin films are reported in the literature, we are not aware of any thin film reports elsewhere on Fe2MnSn and Mn2FeSn thin films discussed here. All these materials are stabilized in the hexagonal structure which inherently supports perpendicular anisotropy. Specifically, we found that Mn3Sn has low saturation magnetization and high Tc but low magnetic anisotropy. Mn2FeSn has a moderate magnetic moment but low Tc (272 K). Fe2MnSn is the most favorable material among our investigations, with high magnetic anisotropy and high Curie temperature of 548 K, but with a higher than desired magnetization value. The magnetic anisotropy value of Fe2MnSn is estimated to be 0.56 MJ/m3. Such value is in the desirable range for MRAM devices. Our thermal stability calculations indicate that STT-MRAM with Fe2MnSn free layer can scale below 20 nm lateral size for 3nm free layer thickness. While the scaling behavior remains to be investigated experimentally, my work has demonstrated that research into new materials is always an exciting prospect particularly if combined with a theory-driven design approach.

Download or read book Proceedings of the International Workshop on Physics and Technology of Thin Films written by Alireza Zaker Moshfegh and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2004-06-08 with total page 549 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thin films science and technology plays an important role in the high-tech industries. Thin film technology has been developed primarily for the need of the integrated circuit industry. The demand for development of smaller and smaller devices with higher speed especially in new generation of integrated circuits requires advanced materials and new processing techniques suitable for future giga scale integration (GSI) technology. In this regard, physics and technology of thin films can play an important role to acheive this goal. The production of thin films for device purposes has been developed over the past 40 years. Thin films as a two dimensional system are of great importance to many real-world problems. Their material costs are very small as compared to the corresponding bulk material and they perform the same function when it comes to surface processes. Thus, knowledge and determination of the nature, functions and new properties of thin films can be used for the development of new technologies for future applications. Thin film technology is based on three foundations: fabrication, characterization and applications. Some of the important applications of thin films are microelectronics, communication, optical electronics, catalysis, coating of all kinds, and energy generation and conservation strategies. This book emphasizes the importance of thin films and their properties for the new technologies. It presents basic principles, processes techniques and applications of thin films. As thin films physics and technology is a multidisciplinary field, the book will be useful to a wide varity of readers (especially young researcher) in physics, electronic engineering, material science and metallurgy. Contents: Deposition Processes; Characterization Techniques; Surface Processes; Nanomaterials; Optical Materials; Superconductivity; Magnetic Thin Films. Readership: Graduate students and researchers involved with the physics and technology of thin films.

Download or read book Thin Films for Advanced Electronic Devices written by Maurice H. Francombe and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this volume of the highly esteemed Physics of Thin Films serial, focused coverage is given to new trends in solid state devices. Four chapters combine to provide comprehensive discussions of magnetostatic wave phenomena in epitaxial magnetic oxide films and their applications in microwave signal processing devices: Thin-film rare earth transition metal alloys for magnetooptic recording. Two new classes of quantum well structures that have been used for infrared detectors and ultrafast resonant tunneling devices. Recent applications of Fourier transform spectroscopy for the analysis of inorganic thin solid films. This book provides a focused treatment of recent developments in novel thin film solid state components, and specifically discusses magnetic, semiconducting, and optical phenomena.

Download or read book Magnetic Field Measurement with Applications to Modern Power Grids written by Qi Huang and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-10-07 with total page 315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive review of the development, challenges and utilisation of magnetic field measurement Magnetic Field Measurement with Applications to Modern Power Grids offers an authoritative review of the development of magnetic field measurement and the application of the technology to the smart grid. The authors, noted experts in the field, present the challenges to the field of magnetics and explore the use of cutting-edge magnetic technology in the development of the smart grid. In addition, the authors discussed the applications of magnetic field measurements in substations, generations systems, transmission systems and distribution systems. The specialized applications of magnetic field measurements in these venues are explored including the typical sensors used, the field strength levels and spectral frequencies involved and the mathematics that are needed to process data measurements. The book presents the complex topic of electromagnetics in clear and understandable terms. Magnetic Field Measurement with Applications to Modern Power Grids offers researchers in the magnetic community a guide to the progress of the smart grid and helps to inspire innovation of magnetic technologies in the smart grid. The technologies of measurement are a bridge between mathematical models and application oriented practice. The book is a guide to that bridge and: Offers a comprehensive review of the development of magnetic field measurement Shows how magnetic field measurement applies to the smart grid Outlines the challenges, trends and needs for future magnetic measurement systems Includes information on the need for levels of standardisation, smart grid applications and innovative sensors Written for researchers in smart grid, power engineers, power grid companies and professionals in the measurement and test industries, Magnetic Field Measurement with Applications to Modern Power Grids is an authoritative guide that offers a clear understanding of the relationship between the magnetic field measurement and power grids.

Download or read book New Materials and Functionality in Spintronics Devices written by Lubna R. Shah and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The next generation of electronics devices, known as spintronics, which incorporate the spin property of the carriers in combination with their charge degree of freedom is the focus of to-date research. Therefore, exciting new classes of materials have been emerging for the last few years for the development of spintronics devices. This study has been carried out to understand/control various properties of such materials at the fundamental level which is important for the spintronics devices applications. Materials studied here include magnetic semiconductors, magnetostrictive alloys and magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJ) based sensors. In the first part, a comparative study of the room temperature ferromagnetism of Co doped ZnO and CeO 2 is presented with emphasis on the role of dopant, defects and host oxide. Systemic structural, magnetic, and transport analyses reveal that the nature of donor defects and host oxide plays a vital role in establishing ferromagnetism. This study provides an insight into the underlying mechanisms responsible for the ferromagnetism in Co-ZnO and Co-CeO 2 . Moreover, the discussed exchange mechanisms are in good agreement with the electronic structure calculation of magnetic impurity ions and defects. Composite materials with strong magneto-electric (ME) coupling require magnetic thin films with large saturation magnetostriction constant at low magnetic fields. In the second part of this dissertation, we have studied FeGa alloys where changes in their microstructure with the incorporation of boron occur. These changes make this material a soft magnetic alloy (coercivity ~ 2 Oe) which has a narrow ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) line width, large magnetostriction and high saturation magnetization. The anisotropy values have been extracted from study of the angular dependence of FMR. This work highlights the role of crystalline anisotropy and induced uniaxial anisotropy which determine the magnetic softness and enhanced magnetostriction at small magnetic fields. In addition, the effects of rapid thermal annealing on the structure and magnetic properties of the crystalline as well as amorphous FeGaB thin films have been studied. Additionally, new electrode materials within the magnetic tunneling junction (MTJ) have been developed using FeGaB which serve as the sensing magnetic layer. This provides a method to measure mechanical strain or stress with high sensitivity. It has been shown that TMR of greater than 12% at room temperature could be achieved in CoFeB/MgO/FeGaB based junctions. This suggests that FeGaB could be a new magnetic electrode for MTJs based pressure devices. The ability of magnetoresistive (MR) material to sense very weak magnetic fields at room temperature can be used for the magnetic sensor's design. In the third part, the Al 2 O 3 based sensors have been studied where the shape anisotropy in the free magnetic electrode has been observed to results in a linear and hysteresis free magnetoresistance (MR) curve. Moreover, Al 2 O 3 based sensor have 28 - 30% TMR and sensitivity up to 0.4 %/Oe over a magnetic field range of -40 Oe to 40 Oe whereas the MgO-based sensor with superparamagnetic free layer has about 90 % TMR and sensitivity of 1.1 %/Oe over the same field range. This work has been carried out under the supervision of the author's dissertation advisor, Prof. John Q. Xiao.

Download or read book Metal Based Thin Films for Electronics written by Klaus Wetzig and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-03-06 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This up-to-date handbook covers the main topics of preparation, characterization and properties of complex metal-based layer systems. The authors -- an outstanding group of researchers -- discuss advanced methods for structure, chemical and electronic state characterization with reference to the properties of thin functional layers, such as metallization and barrier layers for microelectronics, magnetoresistive layers for GMR and TMR, sensor and resistance layers. As such, the book addresses materials specialists in industry, especially in microelectronics, as well as scientists, and can also be recommended for advanced studies in materials science, analytics, surface and solid state science.

Download or read book Physics And Technology Of Thin Films Iwtf 2003 Proceedings Of The International Workshop written by M Wuttig and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2004-06-08 with total page 549 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thin films science and technology plays an important role in the high-tech industries. Thin film technology has been developed primarily for the need of the integrated circuit industry. The demand for development of smaller and smaller devices with higher speed especially in new generation of integrated circuits requires advanced materials and new processing techniques suitable for future giga scale integration (GSI) technology. In this regard, physics and technology of thin films can play an important role to acheive this goal. The production of thin films for device purposes has been developed over the past 40 years. Thin films as a two dimensional system are of great importance to many real-world problems. Their material costs are very small as compared to the corresponding bulk material and they perform the same function when it comes to surface processes. Thus, knowledge and determination of the nature, functions and new properties of thin films can be used for the development of new technologies for future applications.Thin film technology is based on three foundations: fabrication, characterization and applications. Some of the important applications of thin films are microelectronics, communication, optical electronics, catalysis, coating of all kinds, and energy generation and conservation strategies.This book emphasizes the importance of thin films and their properties for the new technologies. It presents basic principles, processes techniques and applications of thin films. As thin films physics and technology is a multidisciplinary field, the book will be useful to a wide varity of readers (especially young researcher) in physics, electronic engineering, material science and metallurgy.

Download or read book Tuning the Magnetic and Electronic Properties of FexSi1 x Thin Films for Spintronics written by Julie Elizabeth Karel and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in traditional CMOS devices, in pursuit of Moore's Law, have lead to the detrimental side effects of increased energy consumption and heat generation. Spintronic (spin-electronic) devices are a potential alternative to standard charge-based devices where the electron spin carries the information instead. Many proposed spintronic devices require a spin-injector, a material that can produce a highly spin-polarized current, and consequently significant work has gone into identifying these types of materials. GayMn1-yAs, the canonical dilute magnetic semiconductor, has been touted as a promising material in this capacity since it is theoretically predicted to be 100% spin polarized and offers the possibility to electrically tune the ferromagnetism. However, the Curie temperature remains low (~150 K), making the material unsuitable for room-temperature spintronic applications. This dissertation investigated the magnetic and electronic properties of a potentially better alternative: off-stoichimetry, bcc-like FexSi1-x thin films (0.43800 K) and theoretically predicted high spin polarization (100%). However, little work has been done on off-stoichiometry FexSi1-x thin films (0.43xSi1-x system is unique in that thin film growth techniques allow access to varying degrees of both chemical and structural order over a wide composition range. In the crystalline system, three different bcc-like structures (D03, B2, A2), each with a different degree of chemical order, are possible. The A2 structure is a chemically disordered random bcc solid solution, and the B2 structure is a partially ordered CsCl structure with Fe on the cube corner sites and Fe/Si randomly arranged on the body center sites. Finally, the D03 structure is chemically ordered with Fe on the cube corners and Fe and Si alternating in the body centers. Amorphous FexSi1-x thin films can also be fabricated, allowing for a comprehensive and direct comparison of the magnetic properties. This work probed the effects of chemical and structural disorder on the magnetic and electronic properties of FexSi1-x thin films. The local chemical order in epitaxial FexSi1-x thin films was characterized using conversion electron Mössbauer spectrometry (CEMS); X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) and density functional theory (DFT) were used to characterize the local environments in the amorphous films. CEMS showed films have B2 chemical order for x≤0.65 and D03 for x>0.65. Even very far from the equilibrium composition, x=0.75, the films still tended towards chemical order; the A2 structure was not successfully fabricated. Both theoretical DFT calculations and X-ray absorption fine structure for the amorphous materials indicate a local atomic structure that is well-ordered for Fe-Si pairs and less ordered for Fe-Fe; calculated and experimental interatomic distances are similar to a bcc structure, however with a decreased coordination number. Experimental and theoretical number densities in the amorphous structures are less than in the crystalline phase. The magnetism was found to strongly depend on the chemical order for both the crystalline and amorphous structures. The chemically disordered A2 structure has more Fe-Fe pairs than the chemically ordered B2 or D03 structures, leading to a larger predicted moment. The magnetic moments for the B2 and D03 structures are not significantly different. They should, in fact, be essentially the same since the first nearest neighbor environments are the same; on average there are the same number of Fe-Fe first nearest neighbor pairs in both structures. Only the second nearest neighbor environments, which have a weaker effect on the magnetic moment, are different. An enhanced magnetic moment due to enhanced spin and orbital moments was observed in all amorphous films versus crystalline films of the same composition. The amorphous local environments (based on the fraction of Fe-Fe nearest neighbors, N1Fe-Fe/CN1) are approximately intermediate between the chemically disordered A2 structure and the chemically ordered D03 or B2 structures; the amorphous materials, while structurally disordered, are only partially chemically disordered. The amorphous materials have a different structure; there are however more Fe-Fe pairs than the D03 or B2 structures (although less than A2), explaining the observed enhanced moment. Not surprisingly, the electronic properties were also found to depend strongly on chemical and structural order, based on hard X-ray photoemission spectroscopy and DFT calculations. The core-level peaks in the amorphous structure (x=0.67) show little broadening despite a significant energy shift, suggesting that the local environment around the Si atoms is different than in the crystalline materials but far more uniform than expected, consistent with XAFS results, which showed that Si is well-ordered. A well-resolved Si 2p spin-orbit splitting for two epitaxial alloys, x=0.72 (D03) and 0.67 (B2) suggests that nearest-neighbor interactions are the dominant effect on binding energy for the Si atoms in the sample. The Si 2p peak in the amorphous sample also shows spin-orbit splitting, another indication that the local structure around each Si atom is relatively well defined. The valence bands show a broadening of the features when chemical and structural disorder is increased, consistent with theoretical band structure calculations for D03, B2, A2 and amorphous structures. The electronic structure calculations reveal that the spin-polarization,

Download or read book Inorganic and Organic Thin Films written by Yu Song and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-07-19 with total page 771 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Learn more about foundational and advanced topics in polymer thin films and coatings besides species with this powerful two-volume resource The two-volume Inorganic and Organic Thin Films: Fundamentals, Fabrication, and Applications delivers a foundational resource for current researchers and commercial users involved in the design and fabrication of thin films. The book offers newcomers to the field a thorough description of new design theory, fabrication methods, and applications of advanced thin films. Readers will discover the physics and chemistry underlying the manufacture of new thin films and coatings in this leading new resource that promises to become a handbook for future applications of the technology. This one-stop reference brings together all important aspects of inorganic and polymeric thin films and coatings, including construction, assembly, deposition, functionality, patterning, and characterization. Explorations of their applications in industries as diverse as information technology, new energy, biomedical engineering, aerospace, and oceanographic engineering round out this fulsome exploration of one of the most exciting and rapidly developing areas of scientific and industrial research today. Readers will also learn from: A comprehensive introduction to the progress of thin films and coatings as well as fundamentals in functional thin films and coatings An exploration of multi-layered magnetic thin films for electron transport control and signal sensing, including giant magnetoresistance, colossal magnetoresistance, tunneling magnetoresistance, and the quantum anomalous Holzer effect An in time summary of high-quality magneto-optics, nanophotonics, spin waves and spintronics using bismuth-substituted iron garnet thin films as examples A thorough discussion of template-assisted fabrication of nanostructure thin films for ultrasensitive detection of chemicals and biomolecules A treatment of biomass derived functional films and coatings Perfect for materials scientists and inorganic chemists, Inorganic and Organic Thin Films will also earn a place in the libraries of solid state physicists and physical chemists working in private industry, as well as polymer and surface chemists who seek to improve their understanding of thin films and coatings.

Download or read book Thin Film Physics And Devices Fundamental Mechanism Materials And Applications For Thin Films written by Jianguo Zhu and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2021-06-18 with total page 706 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thin films have an extremely broad range of applications from electronics and optics to new materials and devices. Collaborative and multidisciplinary efforts from physicists, materials scientists, engineers and others have established and advanced a field with key pillars constituting (i) the synthesis and processing of thin films, (ii) the understanding of physical properties in relation to the nanometer scale, (iii) the design and fabrication of nano-devices or devices with thin film materials as building blocks, and (iv) the design and construction of novel tools for characterization of thin films.Against the backdrop of the increasingly interdisciplinary field, this book sets off to inform the basics of thin film physics and thin film devices. Readers are systematically introduced to the synthesis, processing and application of thin films; they will also study the formation of thin films, their structure and defects, and their various properties — mechanical, electrical, semiconducting, magnetic, and superconducting. With a primary focus on inorganic thin film materials, the book also ventures on organic materials such as self-assembled monolayers and Langmuir-Blodgett films.This book will be effective as a teaching or reference material in the various disciplines, ranging from Materials Science and Engineering, Electronic Science and Engineering, Electronic Materials and Components, Semiconductor Physics and Devices, to Applied Physics and more. The original Chinese publication has been instrumental in this purpose across many Chinese universities and colleges.

Download or read book Nano Engineering for Thermoelectrics and Spintronics written by Charie Kyle and published by . This book was released on 2023-10-23 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Spintronics written by Puja Dey and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-04-13 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book highlights the overview of Spintronics, including What is Spintronics ?; Why Do We Need Spintronics ?; Comparative merit-demerit of Spintronics and Electronics ; Research Efforts put on Spintronics ; Quantum Mechanics of Spin; Dynamics of magnetic moments : Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert Equation; Spin-Dependent Band Gap in Ferromagnetic Materials; Functionality of ‘Spin’ in Spintronics; Different Branches of Spintronics etc. Some important notions on basic elements of Spintronics are discussed here, such as – Spin Polarization, Spin Filter Effect, Spin Generation and Injection, Spin Accumulation, Different kinds of Spin Relaxation Phenomena, Spin Valve, Spin Extraction, Spin Hall Effect, Spin Seebeck Effect, Spin Current Measurement Mechanism, Magnetoresistance and its different kinds etc. Concept of Giant Magnetoresistance (GMR), different types of GMR, qualitative and quantitative explanation of GMR employing Resistor Network Theory are presented here. Tunnelling Magnetoresistance (TMR), Magnetic Junctions, Effect of various parameters on TMR, Measurement of spin relaxation length and time in the spacer layer are covered here. This book highlights the concept of Spin Transfer Torque (STT), STT in Ferromagnetic Layer Structures, STT driven Magnetization Dynamics, STT in Magnetic Multilayer Nanopillar etc. This book also sheds light on Magnetic Domain Wall (MDW) Motion, Ratchet Effect in MDW motion, MDW motion velocity measurements, Current-driven MDW motion, etc. The book deals with the emerging field of spintronics, i.e., Opto-spintronics. Special emphasis is given on ultrafast optical controlling of magnetic states of antiferromagnet, Spin-photon interaction, Faraday Effect, Inverse Faraday Effect and outline of different all-optical spintronic switching. One more promising branch i.e., Terahertz Spintronics is also covered. Principle of operation of spintronic terahertz emitter, choice of materials, terahertz writing of an antiferromagnetic magnetic memory device is discussed. Brief introduction of Semiconductor spintronics is presented that includes dilute magnetic semiconductor, feromagnetic semiconductor, spin polarized semiconductor devices, three terminal spintronic devices, Spin transistor, Spin-LED, and Spin-Laser. This book also emphasizes on several modern spintronics devices that includes GMR Read Head of Modern Hard Disk Drive, MRAM, Position Sensor, Biosensor, Magnetic Field sensor, Three Terminal Magnetic Memory Devices, Spin FET, Race Track Memory and Quantum Computing.

Download or read book Growth and Characterization of Novel Thin Films for Microelectronic Applications written by Mahmoud Vahidi and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 81 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: I studied the properties of novel Co2FeAl0.5Si0.5 (CFAS), ZnGeAs2, and FeS2 (pyrite) thin films for microelectronic applications ranging from spintronic to photovoltaic. CFAS is a half metal with theoretical spin polarization of 100%. I investigated its potential as a spin injector, for spintronic applications, by studying the critical steps involved in the injection of spin polarized electron populations from tunnel junctions containing CFAS electrodes. Epitaxial CFAS thin films with L21 structure and saturation magnetizations of over 1200 emu/cm3 were produced by optimization of the sputtering growth conditions. Point contact Andreev reflection measurements show that the spin polarization at the CFAS electrode surface exceeds 70%. Analyses of the electrical properties of tunnel junctions with a superconducting Pb counter-electrode indicate that transport through native Al oxide barriers is mostly from direct tunneling, while that through the native CFAS oxide barriers is not. ZnGeAs2 is a semiconductor comprised of only inexpensive and earth-abundant elements. The electronic structure and defect properties are similar in many ways to GaAs. Thus, in theory, efficient solar cells could be made with ZnGeAs2 if similar quality material to that of GaAs could be produced. To understand the thermochemistry and determine the rate limiting steps of ZnGeAs2 thin-film synthesis, the (a) thermal decomposition rate and (b) elemental composition and deposition rate of films were measured. It is concluded that the ZnGeAs2 thin film synthesis is a metastable process with an activation energy of 1.08±0.05 eV for the kinetically-limited decomposition rate and an evaporation coefficient of ~10-3. The thermochemical analysis presented here can be used to predict optimal conditions of ZnGeAs2 physical vapor deposition and thermal processing. Pyrite (FeS2) is another semiconductor that has tremendous potential for use in photovoltaic applications if high quality materials could be made. Here, I present the layer-by-layer growth of single-phase pyrite thin-films on heated substrates using sequential evaporation of Fe under high-vacuum followed by sulfidation at S pressures between 1 mTorr and 1 Torr. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy reveals high-quality, defect-free pyrite grains were produces by this method. It is demonstrated that epitaxial pyrite layer was produced on natural pyrite substrates with this method.

Download or read book Advanced Magnetic Characterization Using Electron Microscopy and Its Application on Spintronic Devices written by Binbin Wang (Ph. D. in materials science) and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Novel spintronic devices based on magnetic skyrmions, a non-volatile nanoscale topological excitation, are attractive as a new paradigm for high data processing speeds and low operating power, addressing the fundamental scaling restrictions in conventional electronics. Identifying materials capable of hosting small skyrmions and being able to image and manipulate skyrmions in these materials is essential as a path to design and develop such devices. Meanwhile, revealing and understanding the mechanisms underlying emergent spintronic phenomenon in these materials will further facilitate the development of next-generation spintronic devices with application in information storage and processing. The focus of this study is to explore and apply different magnetic characterization techniques in the transmission electron microscope (TEM) to investigate the creation, annihilation and manipulation of magnetic skyrmions in potential spintronic materials and devices. The first phase of this research was committed to the establishment of imaging techniques using Lorentz TEM and STEM. In the second phase, these methods have been employed to explore promising skyrmion hosting materials, including single crystal and novel thin films with broken bulk inversion, oxide interfaces with broken surface/mirror inversion, and centrosymmetric materials with geometric confinement. The study’s last step entails the design and investigation of skyrmion dynamics in prototype devices using in-situ sample holders.

Download or read book Innovative Testing and Measurement Solutions for Smart Grid written by Qi Huang and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-04-25 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Focuses on sensor applications and smart meters in the newly developing interconnected smart grid • Focuses on sensor applications and smart meters in the newly developing interconnected smart grid • Presents the most updated technological developments in the measurement and testing of power systems within the smart grid environment • Reflects the modernization of electric utility power systems with the extensive use of computer, sensor, and data communications technologies, providing benefits to energy consumers and utility companies alike • The leading author heads a group of researchers focusing on the construction of smart grid and smart substation for Sichuan Power Grid, one of the largest in China’s power system

Download or read book Studies of Magnetic Nanostructure for Spintronics Application written by Yuan Zhao and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Nanoscale Magnetic Materials and Applications written by J. Ping Liu and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-04-05 with total page 731 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanoscale Magnetic Materials and Applications covers exciting new developments in the field of advanced magnetic materials. Readers will find valuable reviews of the current experimental and theoretical work on novel magnetic structures, nanocomposite magnets, spintronic materials, domain structure and domain-wall motion, in addition to nanoparticles and patterned magnetic recording media. Cutting-edge applications in the field are described by leading experts from academic and industrial communities. These include new devices based on domain wall motion, magnetic sensors derived from both giant and tunneling magnetoresistance, thin film devices in micro-electromechanical systems, and nanoparticle applications in biomedicine. In addition to providing an introduction to the advances in magnetic materials and applications at the nanoscale, this volume also presents emerging materials and phenomena, such as magnetocaloric and ferromagnetic shape memory materials, which motivate future development in this exciting field. Nanoscale Magnetic Materials and Applications also features a foreword written by Peter Grünberg, recipient of the 2007 Nobel Prize in Physics.